移动测试【命令与实战】
一、adb
abd：Andorid debug bridge
开发人员的调试工具与测试人员的测试工具
二、调试手机的流程
1、手机与电脑通过USB链接；
1）进入设置，搜索关于手机；
2）进入版本信息，找到软件版本号，连续点击7次后就会开启开发者权限（不同手机操作不同，可以进行搜索）；
3）进入开发者选项，打开usb调试，然后打开电脑控制台输入adb devices，手机会弹出是否允许这台电脑调试该手机的提示，选择允许即可，这样就连接成功了。
三、常用命令
1、adb shell：进入手机的环境
C:\Users\EDY>adb shell
* daemon not running; starting now at tcp:5037
* daemon started successfully
a: no devices/emulators found
直接在控制台输入adb logcat可以查看实时日志，当我们APP程序出问题时，程序员要错误信息时，我们就可以用这个命令来查看错误日志，由于这样查看日志一直在更新无法找出错误，因此我们可以先在电脑本地储存盘，新建一个log.txt记事本，然后输入命令：
adb logcat > 储存盘:/log.txt
然后操作出问题的程序，这个时候我们就把程序的错误日志写入到我们创建的记事本中了，然后点击CTRL+C退出，最后打开这个记事本就可以查看到这个程序的错误信息。
C:\Users\EDY>adb logcat >D:\安卓环境搭建/log.txt
- waiting for device -//以下为log.txt中的部分文件
--------- beginning of system
03-01 16:11:20.488 514 6175 D vold : Added key 777928249 (f2fs:a926dc7de4754049) to keyring 222296254 in process 514
03-01 16:11:20.488 514 6175 D vold : Added key 584545504 (fscrypt:a926dc7de4754049) to keyring 222296254 in process 514
03-01 16:11:20.488 514 6175 D vold : 0 enter InstallEceSeceToHwsdpTa
03-01 16:11:20.488 514 6175 E vold : 0 hwsdp is unloaded
03-01 16:11:20.488 514 6175 D vold : Created keys for user 0
03-01 16:11:20.488 514 6175 D vold : unlock user screen success,begin to reset flag
03-01 16:11:20.526 11443 11443 I RtgSchedEvent: current pid:11443 AppType:0
03-01 16:11:20.542 11443 11443 D ActivityThread: Won't deliver top position change in state=2四、安装&卸载被测试APP的的流程
1、安装流程
程序员发送.apk包给测试，测试把包下载到本地，然后打开控制台，通过命令adb install 储存.apk包位置/.apk包的名称就可以安装这个APP，注意安装的时候需要在手机上允许安装。
如安装储存在d盘的tcw_146187.apk，命令如下：
adb install D:/tcw_146187.apk
C:\Users\EDY>adb install D:/安卓环境搭建/tcw_146187.apk
Performing Streamed Install
Success2、查找package包
1）获取到package包（adb shell am monitor）
打开控制台输入adb shell am monitor，然后打开手机中你需要获取package包的APP，就可以找到该APP的package包；
C:\Users\EDY>adb shell am monitor
Monitoring activity manager... available commands:
(q)uit: finish monitoring
** Activity starting: com.parkingwang.app
** Activity starting: com.parkingwang.app
** Activity resuming: com.parkingwang.app2）找到package包（adb shell dumpsys window | findstr mCurrentFocus）
先打开手机中你需要获取package包的APP，然后输入命令：adb shell dumpsys window | findstr mCurrentFocus就可以找到这个APP的package包；
C:\Users\EDY>adb shell dumpsys window | findstr mCurrentFocus
mCurrentFocus=Window{1128e51 u0 com.parkingwang.app/com.parkingwang.app.ui.home.MainHomeActivity}3）找到所有的APP包（pm list package）
先输入adb shell然后再输入命令：pm list package就可以查看所有APP的包，然后就可以找到所需APP的包；
//进入手机环境
C:\Users\EDY>adb shell
//查看所有APP目录
HWYAL:/ $ pm list package
//部分信息
package:com.huawei.scenepack
package:com.huawei.hifolder
package:com.android.cts.priv.ctsshim
package:com.huawei.camera
package:com.hpbr.bosszhipin
package:com.huawei.android.tips
package:com.huawei.camerakit.impl
package:com.huawei.synergy4）找到除了系统应用的第三方应用包（adb shell pm list packages -3）
打开控制台，输入命令：adb shell pm list packages -3，就可以找到除了系统应用的第三方应用包；
//直接查找，不用先进入手机环境
C:\Users\EDY>adb shell pm list packages -3
//部分目录
package:com.hpbr.bosszhipin
package:com.camerasideas.instashot
package:com.qiyi.video
package:com.tmri.app.main
package:com.sankuai.meituan
package:com.netease.edu.ucmooc
package:com.lemon.lv
package:com.zhy.qianyan
package:com.tencent.androidqqmail
package:com.coderpage.mine
package:cmb.pb
package:com.dm
package:cn.gov.tax.its
package:com.MobileTicket3、卸载流程
打开控制台输入adb shell am monitor，然找到该APP的package包；输入adb uninstall # 卸载软件名，即可卸载软件
C:\Users\EDY>adb shell am monitor
Monitoring activity manager... available commands:
(q)uit: finish monitoring
** Activity starting: com.parkingwang.app
** Activity starting: com.parkingwang.app
** Activity resuming: com.parkingwang.app
C:\Users\EDY>adb uninstall com.parkingwang.app
Success五、错误类型
崩溃
crash，即崩溃，anr是crash的一种。在程序中可能会出现你未捕获到的异常，这就造成了崩溃。
错误日志关键词：crash、ANR。
造成崩溃的原因：
空指针：nullpointException
数组越界：ArrayIndexoutof boundsException
多次启动线程：illegalThreadstateException
数字格式化问题 ：java.lang.NumberFormatException
内存溢出（OOM）：java.lang.OutOfMemoryError
六、操作命令
查看命令
adb shell pm list packages # 显示设备里面所有应用的包名
adb shell service list # 显示当前运行的系统服务
adb shell dumpsys activity top # 显示当前最前端的 Activity
adb shell cat /proc/cpuinfo # 显示设备的CPU信息
adb shell cat /proc/meminfo # 显示设备的内存使用情况
//# 显示设备里面所有应用的包名【adb shell pm list packages】
C:\Users\EDY>adb shell pm list packages
package:com.huawei.scenepack
package:com.huawei.hifolder
package:com.android.cts.priv.ctsshim
package:com.huawei.camera
package:com.hpbr.bosszhipin
package:com.huawei.android.tips
package:com.huawei.camerakit.impl
package:com.huawei.synergy
package:com.huawei.android.launcher
package:com.huawei.hms.dupdateengine
package:com.huawei.easygo
package:com.android.mediacenter
package:com.huawei.ohos.smarthome
package:com.android.providers.telephony//# 显示当前运行的系统服务【adb shell service list】
C:\Users\EDY>adb shell service list
Found 259 services:
0 ions: [com.android.internal.telephony.IOns]
1 fusion_search: [com.huawei.searchservice.service.IHOSPSearchServiceCall]
2 secure_element: [android.se.omapi.ISecureElementService]
3 hwthermal: [com.huawei.thermal.adapter.IThermalService]
4 com.huawei.iconnect.ConnectService: [com.huawei.iconnect.wearable.IWearableDetectHelper]
5 chr_service: [com.huawei.chr.IHwChrService]
6 nfc: [android.nfc.INfcAdapter]
7 com.huawei.mdfs.DistributedFileService: []
8 ims_ut: [com.android.ims.internal.IImsUt]
9 ims_config: []
10 IAwareSdkService: [com.huawei.iaware.sdk.ISDKManager]//# 显示当前最前端的 Activity【adb shell dumpsys activity top】
C:\Users\EDY>adb shell dumpsys activity top
TASK 1000:com.android.settings id=8385 userId=0
ACTIVITY com.android.settings/.HWSettings 1a426c6 pid=10616
Local Activity 505b517 State:
mResumed=false mStopped=true mFinished=false
mChangingConfigurations=false
mCurrentConfig={1.0 460mcc11mnc [zh_CN_#Hans] ldltr sw360dp w360dp h744dp 480dpi nrml long port finger -keyb/v/h -nav/h winConfig={ mBounds=Rect(0, 0 - 1080, 2340) mAppBounds=Rect(0, 108 - 1080, 2340) mWindowingMode=fullscreen mDisplayWindowingMode=fullscreen mActivityType=standard mAlwaysOnTop=undefined mRotation=ROTATION_0} suim:1 fontWeightScale:100 s.1}//# 显示设备的内存使用情况【adb shell cat /proc/meminfo】
C:\Users\EDY>adb shell cat /proc/cpuinfo
Processor : AArch64 Processor rev 0 (aarch64)
processor : 0
BogoMIPS : 3.84
Features : fp asimd evtstrm aes pmull sha1 sha2 crc32 atomics fphp asimdhp cpuid asimdrdm lrcpc dcpop asimddp
CPU implementer : 0x41
CPU architecture: 8
CPU variant : 0x1
CPU part : 0xd05
CPU revision : 0//# 查看屏幕分辨率【adb shell wm size】
C:\Users\EDY>adb shell wm size
Physical size: 1080x2340安装与卸载命令
adb install # 安装软件名
adb uninstall # 卸载软件名
C:\Users\EDY>adb install D:\安卓环境搭建\tcw_146187.apk
* daemon not running; starting now at tcp:5037
* daemon started successfully
Performing Streamed Install
SuccessC:\Users\EDY>adb uninstall com.parkingwang.app
Success进程命令
adb shell monkey -v 数字： # 运行进程多次
adb shell ps | findstr monkey # 查看正在运行的进程
adb shell kill PID # 停止正在运行的进程
adb shell ps | findstr 包名 # 查找特定进程
adb shell dumpsys meminfo PID # 获取内存信息
//#运行多次进程【adb shell monkey -v 数字】
C:\Users\EDY>adb shell monkey -v 1000000
bash arg: -v
bash arg: 1000000
args: [-v, 1000000]
arg: "-v"
arg: "1000000"
:Monkey: seed=1646326983582 count=1000000
:IncludeCategory: android.intent.category.LAUNCHER
:IncludeCategory: android.intent.category.MONKEY
// Event percentages:
// 0: 15.0%
// 1: 10.0%
// 2: 2.0%
// 3: 15.0%
// 4: -0.0%
// 5: -0.0%
// 6: 25.0%
// 7: 15.0%
// 8: 2.0%
// 9: 2.0%
// 10: 1.0%
// 11: 13.0%
:Switch: #Intent;action=android.intent.action.MAIN;category=android.intent.category.LAUNCHER;launchFlags=0x10200000;component=com.example.android.notepad/.NotePadActivity;end
// Allowing start of Intent { act=android.intent.action.MAIN cat=[android.intent.category.LAUNCHER] cmp=com.example.android.notepad/.NotePadActivity } in package com.example.android.notepad
:Sending Trackball (ACTION_MOVE): 0:(-4.0,-1.0)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_DOWN): 0:(793.0,1757.0)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_UP): 0:(778.12445,1710.9473)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_DOWN): 0:(930.0,677.0)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_UP): 0:(898.08356,678.8933)
:Sending Trackball (ACTION_MOVE): 0:(2.0,3.0)
:Switch: #Intent;action=android.intent.action.MAIN;category=android.intent.category.LAUNCHER;launchFlags=0x10200000;component=cn.gov.tax.its/.MainActivity;end
// Allowing start of Intent { act=android.intent.action.MAIN cat=[android.intent.category.LAUNCHER] cmp=cn.gov.tax.its/.MainActivity } in package cn.gov.tax.its
:Sending Touch (ACTION_DOWN): 0:(215.0,1323.0)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_UP): 0:(204.63362,1326.1484)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_DOWN): 0:(865.0,1415.0)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_UP): 0:(866.55786,1417.4951)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_DOWN): 0:(1076.0,1391.0)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_UP): 0:(1077.2103,1392.5365)
//【shift】+【c】退出
^C
//#查看正在运行的进程【adb shell ps | findstr monkey】
C:\Users\EDY>adb shell ps | findstr monkey
shell 25242 30287 4419260 115140 binder_ioctl_write_read 0 S com.android.commands.monkey
shell 26840 30287 4419260 115580 binder_ioctl_write_read 0 S com.android.commands.monkey
//#停止正在运行的进程【adb shell kill PID】
C:\Users\EDY>adb shell kill 25242
/system/bin/sh: kill: 25242: No such process
C:\Users\EDY>adb shell kill 26840
/system/bin/sh: kill: 26840: No such process//# 查找特定进程【adb shell ps | findstr 包名】
C:\Users\EDY>adb shell ps | findstr com.parkingwang.app
adb server version (32) doesn't match this client (41); killing...
* daemon started successfully
u0_a795 5682 692 7946680 312608 0 0 S com.parkingwang.app
u0_a795 5864 692 6039540 209132 0 0 S com.parkingwang.app:pushcore//#获取内存信息【adb shell dumpsys meminfo 进程名】
C:\Users\EDY>adb shell dumpsys meminfo 5682
Applications Memory Usage (in Kilobytes):
Uptime: 57014549 Realtime: 72579098
** MEMINFO in pid 5682 [com.parkingwang.app] **
Pss Private Private SwapPss Heap Heap Heap
Total Dirty Clean Dirty Size Alloc Free
------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------
Native Heap 78202 78136 0 21 122880 87336 35543
Dalvik Heap 8857 8836 0 20 10356 7767 2589
Dalvik Other 4465 4464 0 1
Stack 56 56 0 0
Ashmem 162 160 0 0
Other dev 100 24 76 0
.so mmap 3559 292 1148 23
.jar mmap 553 0 20 0
.apk mmap 4620 276 44 0
.ttf mmap 2054 0 1420 0
.dex mmap 11384 9632 8 0
.oat mmap 264 0 0 0
.art mmap 3002 2664 0 55
Other mmap 856 176 60 0
GL mtrack 10588 10588 0 0
Unknown 20617 20592 0 0
TOTAL 149459 135896 2776 120 133236 95103 38132
App Summary
Pss(KB)
------
Java Heap: 11500
Native Heap: 78136
Code: 12840
Stack: 56
Graphics: 10588
Private Other: 25552
System: 10787
TOTAL: 149459 TOTAL SWAP PSS: 120
Objects
Views: 258 ViewRootImpl: 1
AppContexts: 7 Activities: 2
Assets: 9 AssetManagers: 0
Local Binders: 44 Proxy Binders: 53
Parcel memory: 19 Parcel count: 78
Death Recipients: 7 OpenSSL Sockets: 8
WebViews: 0
SQL
MEMORY_USED: 728
PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW: 148 MALLOC_SIZE: 117
DATABASES
pgsz dbsz Lookaside(b) cache Dbname
4 40 54 12/26/7 /data/user/0/com.parkingwang.app/databases/pri_tencent_analysis.db_com.parkingwang.app
4 56 90 37/53/12 /data/user/0/com.parkingwang.app/databases/tencent_analysis.db_com.parkingwang.app
4 52 109 43/29/14 /data/user/0/com.parkingwang.app/databases/bugly_db_
4 28 18 0/16/1 /data/user/0/com.parkingwang.app/databases/parkingwang.db获取CPU信息
//#获取CPU信息【adb shell top -n 1 | findstr 进程名】
C:\Users\EDY>adb shell top -n 1 | findstr u0_a795
5682 u0_a795 10 -10 7.3G 270M 127M S 50.0 3.5 1:10.71 com.parkingwang+获取电量信息
C:\Users\EDY>adb shell dumpsys battery
Current Battery Service state:
AC powered: false
USB powered: true
Wireless powered: false
Max charging current: 500000
Max charging voltage: 5026000
Charge counter: 20000
status: 5
health: 2
present: true
level: 100
scale: 100
voltage: 4328
temperature: 280
technology: Li-poly获取uid
C:\Users\EDY>adb shell cat /proc/5682/status
Name: parkingwang.app
Umask: 0077
State: S (sleeping)
Tgid: 5682
Ngid: 0
Pid: 5682
PPid: 692
TracerPid: 0
Uid: 10795 10795 10795 10795
Gid: 10795 10795 10795 10795
FDSize: 256
Groups: 3003 9997 20795 50795 12801023 12809997
VmPeak: 7964172 kB
VmSize: 7598220 kB
VmLck: 0 kB
VmPin: 0 kB
VmHWM: 335424 kB
VmRSS: 267128 kB
RssAnon: 138672 kB
RssFile: 126884 kB
RssShmem: 1572 kB
VmData: 1642556 kB
VmStk: 8192 kB
VmExe: 28 kB
VmLib: 249152 kB
VmPTE: 2044 kB
VmPMD: 44 kB
VmSwap: 12160 kB
Threads: 82
SigQ: 0/26238
SigPnd: 0000000000000000
ShdPnd: 0000000000000000
SigBlk: 0000000080001200
SigIgn: 0000000000001001
SigCgt: 0000000e400084fc
CapInh: 0000000000000000
CapPrm: 0000000000000000
CapEff: 0000000000000000
CapBnd: 0000000000000000
CapAmb: 0000000000000000
NoNewPrivs: 0
Seccomp: 2
Speculation_Store_Bypass: thread vulnerable
Cpus_allowed: 0f
Cpus_allowed_list: 0-3
Mems_allowed: 1
Mems_allowed_list: 0
voluntary_ctxt_switches: 39834
nonvoluntary_ctxt_switches: 14795
