javascript 数组以及对象的深拷贝(复制数组或复制对象)的方法
今天遇到一个拷贝JS引用类型的例题,把A拷贝到B,在B或A中修改值不会影响对方的数据,我试着直接赋值方式进行拷贝,但是在对引用类型进行直接赋值方式的拷贝完成后,两个变量是相互联系的,一个改变,另一个也会跟着改变,因此我们就来了解下数组或对象的深拷贝。
一、一维数组深拷贝方法:
1.for循环实现数组的深拷贝
function copy(array){ let res=[]; for(let i=0;i<array.length;i++){ res.push(array[i]); } return res; } var arr1=[1,2,3,4,5]; var arr2=copy(arr1); console.log(arr1); //[1, 2, 3, 4, 5] console.log(arr2); //[1, 2, 3, 4, 5] arr2[0]=6; console.log(arr1); //[1, 2, 3, 4, 5] console.log(arr2); //[6, 2, 3, 4, 5]
2.slice方法实现数组的深拷贝
var arr1=[1,2,3,4,5]; var arr2=arr1.slice(0); console.log(arr1); //[1, 2, 3, 4, 5] console.log(arr2); //[1, 2, 3, 4, 5] arr2[0]=6; console.log(arr1); //[1, 2, 3, 4, 5] console.log(arr2); //[6, 2, 3, 4, 5]
3.concat方法实现数组的深拷贝
var arr1=[1,2,3,4,5]; var arr2=arr1.concat(); console.log(arr1); //[1, 2, 3, 4, 5] console.log(arr2); //[1, 2, 3, 4, 5] arr2[0]=6; console.log(arr1); //[1, 2, 3, 4, 5] console.log(arr2); //[6, 2, 3, 4, 5]
二、简单对象的深拷贝
1.for循环
function copyobj(obj){ let res={}; for(var key in obj){ res[key]=obj[key]; } return res; } var obj1={ name:"zz", sex:"man", age:18 } var obj2=copyobj(obj1); console.log(obj1); //{name: "zz", sex: "man", age: 18} console.log(obj2); //{name: "zz", sex: "man", age: 18} obj1['name']="pp"; console.log(obj1); //{name: "pp", sex: "man", age: 18} console.log(obj2); //{name: "zz", sex: "man", age: 18}
上面几种方法对于一维数组和简单对象来说比较实用,对于多维数组就不适用了。
三、多维数组拷贝
1.使用jq的$.extend(true,target,obj)
var arr1 = [1, 2, [3, 4], {a: 5, b: 6}, 7], arr2 = $.extend(true, [], arr1);
2.转换成json再转换成对象实现对象的深拷贝(简单或者复杂的对象都可以)
var obj1={ name:"zz", sex:"man", age:18, parent:{ name: 'Rattz1', age: 50, }, } var obj2 = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(obj1)); obj1['age']=30; obj1['parent']['age']=60; console.log(obj1); console.log(obj2);
执行的结果为:
3.原型扩展(适用于多维数组或复杂对象)
Object.prototype.clone = function() { var obj = {}; for(var i in this) { if(typeof this[i] !== "object") { obj[i] = this[i]; } else { obj[i] = this[i].clone(); } } return obj; } Array.prototype.clone = function() { var len = this.length, arr = []; for(var i = 0;i < len;i++) { if(typeof this[i] !== "object") { arr.push(this[i]); } else { arr.push(this[i].clone()); } } return arr; } //测试Object var obj1 = { name: 'Rattz', age: 20, parent:{ name: 'Rattz1', age: 50, }, hello: function () { return "I'm " + name; } }; var obj2 = obj1.clone(); obj2.parent.age++; console.log(obj1); console.log(obj2); //测试2 Array var fun = function(log) {console.log}, arr1 = [1, 2, [3, 4], {a: 5, b: 6}, fun], arr2 = arr1.clone(); arr1[0]=10; arr2[2][1]=13; console.log(arr1); console.log(arr2);
执行的结果为:
参考:https://blog.csdn.net/github_34514750/article/details/56677750