UML与面向对象程序设计原则

面向对象程序设计中类与类的关系都有哪几种?分别用类图实例说明。

1.  继承关系

初中生类(B)继承小学生类(A)

2.  实现关系

指的是一个class类实现 interface接口(可以实现多个接口)的功能;实现是类与接口之间最常见的关系;

3.  依赖关系

司机使用汽车

4.  关联关系

被关联类B以类的属性形式出现在关联类A中,也可能是关联类A引用了一个类型为被关联类B的全局变量。 

5.  聚合关系

聚合体现的是整体与部分的关系,此时整体与部分之间是可分离的,它们可以具有各自的生命周期,部分可以属于多个整体对象,也可以为多个整体对象共享。

6.  组合关系

体现整体与部分间的关系,但此时整体与部分是不可分的,整体的生命周期结束也就意味着部分的生命周期结束。

单一职责原则

登录模块在实际项目开发中很常见,请按照教材28页(PPT49页)利用单一职责原则重构后的类图实现这一模块。

 

public class DBUtil {

    public static String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/data?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8";
    public static String user = "root";
    public static String pass = "a123456";

    public static Connection getConn () {
        Connection conn = null;

        try {
            Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, pass);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return conn;
    }//end getConn

    public static void close (Statement state, Connection conn) {
        if (state != null) {
            try {
                state.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        if (conn != null) {
            try {
                conn.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    public static void close (ResultSet rs, Statement state, Connection conn) {
        if (rs != null) {
            try {
                rs.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        if (state != null) {
            try {
                state.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        if (conn != null) {
            try {
                conn.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException {
        Connection conn = getConn();
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        String sql ="select * from user";
        pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
        rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
        if(rs.next()){
            System.out.println("连接成功");
        }else{
            System.out.println("连接失败");
        }
    }
}


public class MainClass {

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        LoginForm loginForm=new LoginForm() ;
        loginForm.display();
    }
}

public class LoginForm extends JFrame {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    private  UserDao dao = new UserDao();
    //设置按钮组件

    private  JButton jb=new JButton("登录");   
    private JButton button=new JButton("重置");        
    private JTextField username = new JTextField();

    private JPasswordField password = new JPasswordField();

    JLabel user_name=new JLabel("账号:");
    JLabel pass_word=new JLabel("密码:");

    public void init()
    {
       
        user_name.setBounds(50, 70, 300, 25);
        pass_word.setBounds(50, 130, 200, 25);

        username.setBounds(110, 70, 300, 25);      

        password.setBounds(110, 130, 300, 25);

        button.setBounds(315, 225, 90, 20);
        jb.setBounds(95, 225, 90, 20);


     
        user_name.setOpaque(false);
        pass_word.setOpaque(false);


        jb.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){      

            @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
                validate(username.getText().trim(),password.getText().trim());
            }
        });


        //重置按钮
        button.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){      
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
            
                username.setText("");
                password.setText("");
            }
        });

    }

    public void display()
    {
        JFrame f =new JFrame();
        f.setTitle("登录页面");
        f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        f.setResizable(false);
        f.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        f.setSize(500, 300);
        init();
        Container contentPanel= new Container();
        contentPanel.setLayout(null);
        contentPanel.add(user_name);
        contentPanel.add(pass_word);
        contentPanel.add(username);
        contentPanel.add(password);
        contentPanel.add(jb);
        contentPanel.add(button);

        f.add(contentPanel);
        //展示窗口
        f.setVisible(true);
    }


    public  void  validate(String username,String password)
    {

        if(username.trim().length()==0||password.trim().length()==0){
            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "用户名,密码不允许为空");

            return;
        }

        if(dao.findUser(username, password))
        {

            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "登录成功!");


        }else {
            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "用户名或密码错误");

        }

    }

}

public class UserDao {
    public boolean findUser(String username, String password) {
        //准备SQL语句
        String sql = "select * from user where username ='" + username + "'";
        Connection conn= DBUtil.getConn();
        //创建语句传输对象
        Statement state = null;
        ResultSet rs= null;
        int flag=0;
        String c_password=null;
        try {
            state = conn.createStatement();
            rs = state.executeQuery(sql);
            while(rs.next()) {
                ++flag;
                c_password=rs.getString("password");
            }    if (flag == 0) {
                return false;
            }
            if (!password.equals(c_password)) { 
                return false;
            }
        }catch (SQLException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            DBUtil.close(rs, state, conn);
        }
        return true;
    }
}

建表语句

CREATE TABLE user (

id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,

username VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL UNIQUE,

password VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL

);

[实验任务三]:依赖倒转原则与合成复用原则

在一画图软件中提供了多种大小不同的画笔,并且可以给画笔指定不同的颜色,某设计人员对画笔进行了如上图所示的设计。通过分析,可以发现增加画笔的种类和颜色会使得系统中类的数目急剧增加,请根据合成复用原则和依赖倒转原则对上述设计进行重构。

 源代码

public abstract class Color {

public abstract void colorPen();

}

 

public class GreenPen extends Color{

public void colorPen() {

System.out.println("绿色");

}

}

public class RedPen extends Color{

 

public void colorPen() {

 

System.out.println("红色");

 

}

 

}

public abstract class Size {

public abstract void sizePen();

}

 

public class SmallPen extends Size{

public void sizePen() {

System.out.println("小型");

}

}

public class MiddlePen extends Size{

public void sizePen() {

System.out.println("中型");

}

}

public class BigPen extends Size{

public void sizePen() {

System.out.println("大型");

}

}

public class Pen {

private Size size;

private Color color;

public Size getSize() {

 return size;

}

public void setSize(Size size) {

 this.size = size;

}

public Color getColor() {

 return color;

}

public void setColor(Color color) {

 this.color = color;

}

}

public class MianClass {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Pen pen=new Pen();

pen.setSize(new SmallPen());

pen.setColor(new RedPen());

pen.setSize(new BigPen());

pen.setColor(new GreenPen());

}

}

posted @ 2024-10-14 21:11  涨涨涨张  阅读(6)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报