Ubuntu上的Hadoop安装教程

 Install Hadoop 2.2.0 on Ubuntu Linux 13.04 (Single-Node Cluster)

This tutorial explains how to install Hadoop 2.2.0/2.3.0/2.4.0/2.4.1 on Ubuntu 13.04/13.10/14.04 (Single-Node Cluster). This setup does not require an additional user for Hadoop. All files related to Hadoop will be stored inside the ~/hadoop directory.

• Install a JRE. If you want the Oracle JRE, follow this post.
  
  
• Install SSH:sudo apt-get install openssh-serverGenerate a SSH key:ssh-keygen -t rsa -P ""Enable SSH key:cat $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> $HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys(Optional) Disable SSH login from remote addresses by setting in /etc/ssh/sshd_config:ListenAddress 127.0.0.1Test local connection:ssh localhostIf Ok, then exit:exitOtherwise debug 
  
  
• Download Hadoop 2.2.0 (or newer versions)
  
  
• Unpack, rename and move to the home directory:tar xvf hadoop-2.2.0.tar.gzmv hadoop-2.2.0 ~/hadoop
  
• Create HDFS directory:mkdir -p ~/hadoop/data/namenodemkdir -p ~/hadoop/data/datanode
  
• In file ~/hadoop/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh insert (after the comment "The java implementation to use."):export JAVA_HOME="`dirname $(readlink /etc/alternatives/java)`/../"export HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIVE_DIR="~/hadoop/lib"export HADOOP_OPTS="$HADOOP_OPTS -Djava.library.path=~/hadoop/lib"
  
• In file ~/hadoop/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml (inside <configuration> tag):<property> <name>fs.default.name</name> <value>hdfs://localhost:9000</value></property>
  
• In file ~/hadoop/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml (inside <configuration> tag):<property> <name>dfs.replication</name> <value>1</value></property><property> <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name> <value>${user.home}/hadoop/data/namenode</value></property><property> <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name> <value>${user.home}/hadoop/data/datanode</value></property>
  
• In file ~/hadoop/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml (inside <configuration> tag):<property> <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name> <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value></property><property> <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce.shuffle.class</name> <value>org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler</value></property>
  
• Create file ~/hadoop/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml:cp ~/hadoop/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml.template ~/hadoop/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xmlAnd insert (inside <configuration> tag):<property> <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name> <value>yarn</value></property>
  
• Add Hadoop binaries to PATH:echo "export PATH=$PATH:~/hadoop/bin:~/hadoop/sbin" >> ~/.bashrcsource ~/.bashrc
  
• Format HDFS:hdfs namenode -format
  
• Start Hadoop:start-dfs.sh && start-yarn.shIf you get the warning:

  WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable

  It is because you are running on 64bit but Hadoop native library is 32bit. This is not a big issue. If you want (optional) to fix it, check this.
  
  
• Check status:jpsExpected output (PIDs may change!):10969 DataNode11745 NodeManager11292 SecondaryNameNode10708 NameNode11483 ResourceManager13096 JpsN.B. The old JobTracker has been replaced by the ResourceManager.
  
  
• Access web interfaces:
  • Cluster status: http://localhost:8088
  • HDFS status: http://localhost:50070
  • Secondary NameNode status: http://localhost:50090
  
  
• Test Hadoop:hadoop jar ~/hadoop/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-jobclient-2.2.0-tests.jar TestDFSIO -write -nrFiles 20 -fileSize 10Check the results and remove files:hadoop jar ~/hadoop/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-jobclient-2.2.0-tests.jar TestDFSIO -cleanAnd:hadoop jar ~/hadoop/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.2.0.jar pi 2 5
  
• Stop hadoop:stop-dfs.sh && stop-yarn.sh

Some of these steps are taken from this tutorial.