Struts2--验证框架
Struts2的验证通过配置xml或者注解的方式。依赖与validationheworkflow接口(被默认的拦截器桟引入)。validation接口执行验证并且创建一些列的错误域。workflow接口检查验证错误的状态，一旦发现，就默认返回"input"，
先看一个简单的验证实例：
<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %> <%@ page import="java.util.*" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>表单界面</title> </head> <body> <s:form method="post" action="validationAction"> <s:textfield name="name" label="名字"/> <s:textfield name="age" label="年龄"/> <s:submit value="提交"></s:submit> </s:form> </body> </html>
package com.fuwh.model; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; public class ValidationAction extends ActionSupport{ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private int age; private String name; public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } @Override public String execute() throws Exception { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("execute the default method!!!"); return SUCCESS; } }
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd"> <struts> <!-- 开启debug模式，会自动加载配置文件等等，不用每次更改了配置文件就去重新启动下服务器 --> <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" /> <package name="validation" extends="struts-default"> <action name="validationAction" class="com.fuwh.model.ValidationAction"> <result name="success">success.jsp</result> <!-- 必须要有input --> <result name="input">index.jsp</result> </action> </package> </struts>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//Apache Struts//XWork Validator 1.0.2//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd"> <!-- 配置验证器，文件和action类放在一个地方，命名为action的类名+"-validaiont.xml" --> <validators> <field name="name"> <field-validator type="requiredstring"> <message>年龄必须输入</message> </field-validator> </field> <field name="age"> <field-validator type="int"> <param name="min">12</param> <param name="max">18</param> <message>年龄只能在12到18岁之间</message> </field-validator> </field> </validators>
<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %> <%@ page import="java.util.*" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> 验证成功，返回的界面 </body> </html>
执行结果：
从系统自带的验证器配置文件validators.xml文件可以看出，系统能够自带了以下的配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//Apache Struts//XWork Validator Config 1.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-config-1.0.dtd"> <validators> <validator name="required" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.RequiredFieldValidator"/> <validator name="requiredstring" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.RequiredStringValidator"/> <validator name="int" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.IntRangeFieldValidator"/> <validator name="long" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.LongRangeFieldValidator"/> <validator name="short" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.ShortRangeFieldValidator"/> <validator name="double" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.DoubleRangeFieldValidator"/> <validator name="date" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.DateRangeFieldValidator"/> <validator name="expression" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.ExpressionValidator"/> <validator name="fieldexpression" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.FieldExpressionValidator"/> <validator name="email" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.EmailValidator"/> <validator name="url" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.URLValidator"/> <validator name="visitor" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.VisitorFieldValidator"/> <validator name="conversion" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.ConversionErrorFieldValidator"/> <validator name="stringlength" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.StringLengthFieldValidator"/> <validator name="regex" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.RegexFieldValidator"/> <validator name="conditionalvisitor" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.ConditionalVisitorFieldValidator"/> </validators>
自定义验证
在struts2中要想实现验证，可以实现通过实现以下几个接口的方式来实现
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.ValidatorSupport
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.FieldValidatorSupport
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.RangeValidatorSupport
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.RepopulateConversionErrorFieldValidatorSupport
实例：
package com.fuwh.model; public class Student { //首先编写一个学生实体类 private String name; private int age; public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } @Override public String toString() { return "Student [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]"; } }<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<%@ page import="java.util.*" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>表单界面</title> </head> <body> <p>然后编写一个前台注册页面</p>
<s:fielderror></s:fielderror>
<s:form method="post" action="validationAction"> <s:textfield name="stu.name" label="名字"/> <s:textfield name="stu.age" label="年龄"/> <s:submit value="注册"></s:submit> </s:form> </body> </html>
package com.fuwh.model; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; public class ValidationAction extends ActionSupport{ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private Student stu; public Student getStu() { return stu; } public void setStu(Student stu) { this.stu = stu; } //这是action的默认入口方法 @Override public String execute() throws Exception { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("execute the default method!!!-->>"+stu); return SUCCESS; } }
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd"> <struts> <!-- 开启debug模式，会自动加载配置文件等等，不用每次更改了配置文件就去重新启动下服务器 --> <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" /> <!-- 配置action --> <package name="validation" extends="struts-default"> <action name="validationAction" class="com.fuwh.model.ValidationAction"> <result name="success">success.jsp</result> <!-- 必须要有input --> <result name="input">index.jsp</result> </action> </package> </struts>
package com.fuwh.model; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.ValidationException; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.FieldValidatorSupport; public class MyValidator extends FieldValidatorSupport{ @Override public void validate(Object object) throws ValidationException { // TODO Auto-generated method stub String fieldName=this.getFieldName(); //取得字段名 String fieldValue=this.getFieldValue(fieldName, object).toString(); //取得字段值 if(fieldValue.indexOf("日")!=-1){ //添加错误信息 this.addFieldError(fieldName, object); } } }
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//Apache Struts//XWork Validator Config 1.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-config-1.0.dtd"> <validators> <!-- 这些是默认的验证器 --> <validator name="required" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.RequiredFieldValidator"/> <validator name="requiredstring" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.RequiredStringValidator"/> <validator name="int" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.IntRangeFieldValidator"/> <validator name="long" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.LongRangeFieldValidator"/> <validator name="short" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.ShortRangeFieldValidator"/> <validator name="double" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.DoubleRangeFieldValidator"/> <validator name="date" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.DateRangeFieldValidator"/> <validator name="expression" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.ExpressionValidator"/> <validator name="fieldexpression" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.FieldExpressionValidator"/> <validator name="email" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.EmailValidator"/> <validator name="url" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.URLValidator"/> <validator name="visitor" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.VisitorFieldValidator"/> <validator name="conversion" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.ConversionErrorFieldValidator"/> <validator name="stringlength" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.StringLengthFieldValidator"/> <validator name="regex" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.RegexFieldValidator"/> <validator name="conditionalvisitor" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.ConditionalVisitorFieldValidator"/> <!-- 将默认的validators.xml文件添加到classpath，然后在里面添加自己的验证器MyValidator name：就是自己的验证器的名字，以后在action名-validation.xml文件中配置验证的时候需要使用 --> <validator name="myvalidator" class="com.fuwh.model.MyValidator"/> </validators>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//Apache Struts//XWork Validator 1.0.2//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd"> <!-- 配置验证器，文件和action类放在一个地方，命名为action的类名+"-validaiont.xml" --> <validators> <field name="stu.name"> <!-- 对名字字段， 同时使用系统自带的requiredstring来验证熊为空 和自定义的验证，来验证不能包含敏感词汇 --> <field-validator type="requiredstring"> <message>年龄不能为空</message> </field-validator> <field-validator type="myvalidator"> <message>姓名不能包含敏感词汇</message> </field-validator> </field> <field name="stu.age"> <field-validator type="int"> <param name="min">12</param> <param name="max">18</param> <message>年龄只能在12到18岁之间</message> </field-validator> </field> </validators>
