Ubuntu(18.04)k8s安装教程

Ubuntu(18.04)使用kubeadm安装k8s教程

更换docker源

cat <<EOF> /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
	"registry-mirrors": ["https://kn0t2bca.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF

重启docker

systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl restart docker

禁用swap

# 编辑分区配置文件/etc/fstab，注释掉有swap那一行
# 注意修改完毕之后需要重启linux服务
vim /etc/fstab
/swap.img      none    swap    sw      0       0
# /swap.img      none    swap    sw      0       0

重启系统
```
reboot
```

添加k8s阿里云apt源及key并更新apt

# 可以打开 /etc/apt/sources.list 文件，添加一行
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial main

apt install curl -y && curl https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo apt-key add && apt update

安装kubectl、kubelet、kubeadm(1.17.17)

apt install kubeadm=1.17.17-00 kubelet=1.17.17-00 kubectl=1.17.17-00

拉取k8s基础镜像，由于GFW原因google原生镜像无法拉取，故从docker_hub拉取备份镜像并重新打tag

# pull_k8s.sh
images=(
	kube-apiserver:v1.17.17
	kube-controller-manager:v1.17.17
	kube-scheduler:v1.17.17
	kube-proxy:v1.17.17
	pause:3.1
	etcd:3.4.3-0
	coredns:1.6.5
)

for imageName in ${images[@]};do
	docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/$imageName
	docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/$imageName k8s.gcr.io/$imageName
	docker rmi registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/$imageName 
done

添加shell脚本执行权限并执行脚本
```
chmod +x pull_k8s.sh && bash pull_k8s.sh
```

执行kubelet命令测试kubelet是否可以正常运行

kubelet
# 如果没有异常报错则证明kubelet将会正常运行

执行以下命令启动k8s master节点

kubeadm init --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --kubernetes-version v1.17.17 --service-cidr=10.96.0.0/12 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16

如果出现以下提示，则证明k8s master节点启动成功

Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!

To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:

  mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
  sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
  sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
  https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/

Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:

kubeadm join 192.168.0.102:6443 --token dgt6ww.466onmm47x5hifwl \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:7033f3d2597cfe04ecdc0c97c0908ca46f749c4c1e4b7b0e6ddc59fe51aa1cc4

复制配置文件

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

查看k8s master节点各controller组件运行状态
```
kubectl get cs
```
如果发现scheduler和controller-manager为Unhealthy状态则进行以下操作
```
vim /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml
vim /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-scheduler.yaml
需注释掉- --port=0这行参数
```
注释完成后，稍等片刻再次查询kubectl get cs即正常运行

查看k8s master节点各个Pod的运行状态

kubectl get pod -n kube-system

如果发现coredns-xx-xx的状态为Pending，则说明kube-flannel未安装运行，执行以下命令

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

如果提示The connection to the server raw.githubusercontent.com was refused - did you specify the right host or port?，则是网络问题，创建以下文件并启动即可。

# kube-flannel.yml
---
apiVersion: policy/v1beta1
kind: PodSecurityPolicy
metadata:
  name: psp.flannel.unprivileged
  annotations:
    seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: docker/default
    seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: docker/default
    apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: runtime/default
    apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: runtime/default
spec:
  privileged: false
  volumes:
  - configMap
  - secret
  - emptyDir
  - hostPath
  allowedHostPaths:
  - pathPrefix: "/etc/cni/net.d"
  - pathPrefix: "/etc/kube-flannel"
  - pathPrefix: "/run/flannel"
  readOnlyRootFilesystem: false
  # Users and groups
  runAsUser:
    rule: RunAsAny
  supplementalGroups:
    rule: RunAsAny
  fsGroup:
    rule: RunAsAny
  # Privilege Escalation
  allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
  defaultAllowPrivilegeEscalation: false
  # Capabilities
  allowedCapabilities: ['NET_ADMIN', 'NET_RAW']
  defaultAddCapabilities: []
  requiredDropCapabilities: []
  # Host namespaces
  hostPID: false
  hostIPC: false
  hostNetwork: true
  hostPorts:
  - min: 0
    max: 65535
  # SELinux
  seLinux:
    # SELinux is unused in CaaSP
    rule: 'RunAsAny'
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: flannel
rules:
- apiGroups: ['extensions']
  resources: ['podsecuritypolicies']
  verbs: ['use']
  resourceNames: ['psp.flannel.unprivileged']
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - pods
  verbs:
  - get
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes
  verbs:
  - list
  - watch
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes/status
  verbs:
  - patch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: flannel
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: flannel
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-system
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-cfg
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
data:
  cni-conf.json: |
    {
      "name": "cbr0",
      "cniVersion": "0.3.1",
      "plugins": [
        {
          "type": "flannel",
          "delegate": {
            "hairpinMode": true,
            "isDefaultGateway": true
          }
        },
        {
          "type": "portmap",
          "capabilities": {
            "portMappings": true
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  net-conf.json: |
    {
      "Network": "10.244.0.0/16",
      "Backend": {
        "Type": "vxlan"
      }
    }
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-ds
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: flannel
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        tier: node
        app: flannel
    spec:
      affinity:
        nodeAffinity:
          requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
            nodeSelectorTerms:
            - matchExpressions:
              - key: kubernetes.io/os
                operator: In
                values:
                - linux
      hostNetwork: true
      priorityClassName: system-node-critical
      tolerations:
      - operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      serviceAccountName: flannel
      initContainers:
      - name: install-cni-plugin
        image: rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel-cni-plugin:v1.2
        command:
        - cp
        args:
        - -f
        - /flannel
        - /opt/cni/bin/flannel
        volumeMounts:
        - name: cni-plugin
          mountPath: /opt/cni/bin
      - name: install-cni
        image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.15.0
        command:
        - cp
        args:
        - -f
        - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
        - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
        volumeMounts:
        - name: cni
          mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      containers:
      - name: kube-flannel
        image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.15.0
        command:
        - /opt/bin/flanneld
        args:
        - --ip-masq
        - --kube-subnet-mgr
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
          limits:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
        securityContext:
          privileged: false
          capabilities:
            add: ["NET_ADMIN", "NET_RAW"]
        env:
        - name: POD_NAME
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.name
        - name: POD_NAMESPACE
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.namespace
        volumeMounts:
        - name: run
          mountPath: /run/flannel
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      volumes:
      - name: run
        hostPath:
          path: /run/flannel
      - name: cni-plugin
        hostPath:
          path: /opt/cni/bin
      - name: cni
        hostPath:
          path: /etc/cni/net.d
      - name: flannel-cfg
        configMap:
          name: kube-flannel-cfg

执行kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml

待出现以下信息时候，稍等片刻coredns-xx-xx两个Pod就会正常运行

podsecuritypolicy.policy/psp.flannel.unprivileged created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/flannel created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/flannel created
serviceaccount/flannel created
configmap/kube-flannel-cfg created
daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds created

根据配置式启动一个Pod
```
# nginx.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: dev

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginxpod
  namespace: dev
spec:
  containers:
  - name: nginx-containers
    image: nginx:latest
```
执行kubectl apply -f nginx.yaml则会创建一个Pod

如果是在master节点上创建Pod则需要去除master节点污点才能调度Pod到master上，master节点默认是禁用调度Pod到master的，执行以下命令是去除所有节点的所有污点
```
kubectl taint nodes --all node-role.kubernetes.io/master-
```
执行kubectl get pod -n dev出现创建的Pod并Running后证明创建并运行成功

posted @ 2021-10-29 20:16 临冬城城主阅读(348) 评论(1) 编辑收藏举报

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临冬城城主

Ubuntu(18.04)k8s安装教程

Ubuntu(18.04)使用kubeadm安装k8s教程

更换docker源

重启docker

禁用swap

重启系统

添加k8s阿里云apt源及key并更新apt

安装kubectl、kubelet、kubeadm(1.17.17)

拉取k8s基础镜像，由于GFW原因google原生镜像无法拉取，故从docker_hub拉取备份镜像并重新打tag

添加shell脚本执行权限并执行脚本

执行kubelet命令测试kubelet是否可以正常运行

执行以下命令启动k8s master节点

复制配置文件

查看k8s master节点各controller组件运行状态

查看k8s master节点各个Pod的运行状态

根据配置式启动一个Pod

执行`kubectl get pod -n dev`出现创建的Pod并Running后证明创建并运行成功

公告

临冬城城主

Ubuntu(18.04)k8s安装教程

Ubuntu(18.04)使用kubeadm安装k8s教程

更换docker源

重启docker

禁用swap

重启系统

添加k8s阿里云apt源及key并更新apt

安装kubectl、kubelet、kubeadm(1.17.17)

拉取k8s基础镜像，由于GFW原因google原生镜像无法拉取，故从docker_hub拉取备份镜像并重新打tag

添加shell脚本 执行权限并执行脚本

执行kubelet命令测试kubelet是否可以正常运行

执行以下命令启动k8s master节点

复制配置文件

查看k8s master节点各controller组件运行状态

查看k8s master节点各个Pod的运行状态

根据配置式启动一个Pod

执行kubectl get pod -n dev出现创建的Pod并Running后证明创建并运行成功

公告

添加shell脚本执行权限并执行脚本

执行`kubectl get pod -n dev`出现创建的Pod并Running后证明创建并运行成功