@Ubuntu server 22.04 系统安装(Ubuntu最新版)
1.Ubuntu系统镜像下载
2.使用workstation安装Ubuntu 22.04
选择下载的镜像,创建安装Ubuntu系统
语言选择
系统更新安装(回车即可)
网络配置(默认即可,也可手动配置,新手建议手动配置一下,熟悉一下环境)
手动配置网络(选择手动模式)上下键选择,回车确认即可
手动配置网络(选择save,保存当前配置)
确认手动配置的网络地址,选择done,回车即可
代理选择(默认即可,回车)
配置系统更新源,默认为ubuntu官方源,(可手动填写其他国内源,如阿里云,华为等)
系统配置磁盘分区(默认选择全部分区 )
磁盘分区配置确认
选择Continue继续下一步
配置系统用户设置
安装openssh远程连接工具
信息确认及配置
安装中
我们也可以查看完整的安装日志
更新完成后,输入注册账户登录即可:zeny
3.远程连接ubuntu
使用远程连接工具连接uubuntu系统(默认不支持root远程连接)
更改root账户密码,使用root登录ubuntu系统
4.修改软件管理仓库
常用的镜像仓库:
【阿⾥云镜像仓库】
【华为镜像仓库】
【清华⼤学镜像仓库】
#ubuntu默认软件管理仓库地址
root@ubuntu:~# egrep "^[^#]" /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy main restricted
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates main restricted
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy universe
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates universe
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy multiverse
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates multiverse
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security main restricted
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security universe
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security multiverse
#修改默认软件仓库(预发布软件仓库源,下载很慢,不建议使用的,替换为国内的软件仓库)
root@ubuntu:~# sed -i 's/cn.archive.ubuntu/mirrors.aliyun/' /etc/apt/sources.list
root@ubuntu:~# egrep "^[^#]" /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy main restricted
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates main restricted
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-security main restricted
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-security universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-security multiverse
5.更新ubuntu系统
#更新软件仓库,创建链接
root@ubuntu:~# apt update
Get:1 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease [270 kB]
Get:2 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates InRelease [109 kB]
Get:3 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-backports InRelease [99.8 kB]
Get:4 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-security InRelease [110 kB]
Get:5 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 Packages [1,395 kB]
Get:6 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy/main Translation-en [510 kB]
Get:7 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 c-n-f Metadata [30.3 kB]
Get:8 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy/restricted amd64 Packages [129 kB]
Get:9 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy/restricted Translation-en [18.6 kB]
Get:10 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy/restricted amd64 c-n-f Metadata [488 B]
Get:11 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 Packages [14.1 MB]
Get:12 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy/universe Translation-en [5,652 kB]
Get:13 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 c-n-f Metadata [286 kB]
Get:14 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy/multiverse amd64 Packages [217 kB]
Get:15 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy/multiverse Translation-en [112 kB]
Get:16 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy/multiverse amd64 c-n-f Metadata [8,372 B]
Get:17 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 Packages [277 kB]
Get:18 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main Translation-en [68.2 kB]
Get:19 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 c-n-f Metadata [4,840 B]
Get:20 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted amd64 Packages [165 kB]
Get:21 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted Translation-en [25.0 kB]
Get:22 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted amd64 c-n-f Metadata [460 B]
Get:23 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/universe amd64 Packages [116 kB]
Get:24 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/universe Translation-en [40.1 kB]
Get:25 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/universe amd64 c-n-f Metadata [2,344 B]
Get:26 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages [4,192 B]
Get:27 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/multiverse Translation-en [900 B]
Get:28 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/multiverse amd64 c-n-f Metadata [232 B]
Get:29 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-backports/main amd64 c-n-f Metadata [112 B]
Get:30 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-backports/restricted amd64 c-n-f Metadata [116 B]
Get:31 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-backports/universe amd64 Packages [2,036 B]
Get:32 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-backports/universe Translation-en [7,012 B]
Get:33 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-backports/universe amd64 c-n-f Metadata [216 B]
Get:34 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-backports/multiverse amd64 c-n-f Metadata [116 B]
Get:35 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-security/main amd64 Packages [159 kB]
Get:36 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-security/main Translation-en [39.2 kB]
Get:37 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-security/main amd64 c-n-f Metadata [2,600 B]
Get:38 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-security/restricted amd64 Packages [148 kB]
Get:39 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-security/restricted Translation-en [22.4 kB]
Get:40 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-security/restricted amd64 c-n-f Metadata [464 B]
Get:41 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-security/universe amd64 Packages [68.1 kB]
Get:42 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-security/universe Translation-en [22.3 kB]
Get:43 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-security/universe amd64 c-n-f Metadata [1,128 B]
Get:44 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-security/multiverse amd64 Packages [4,192 B]
Get:45 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-security/multiverse Translation-en [900 B]
Get:46 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-security/multiverse amd64 c-n-f Metadata [228 B]
Fetched 24.2 MB in 2min 48s (144 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
20 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
root@ubuntu:~#
#系统软件包更新
root@ubuntu:~# apt upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages will be upgraded:
base-files cloud-init libjson-c5 libnss-systemd libpam-systemd libssl3 libsystemd0 libudev1 libusb-1.0-0 motd-news-config openssl python3-distupgrade python3-software-properties
software-properties-common systemd systemd-sysv systemd-timesyncd ubuntu-advantage-tools ubuntu-release-upgrader-core udev
20 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 11.6 MB of archives.
After this operation, 84.0 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
....
...
#apt常用命令
apt list #apt列出仓库软件包,等于yum list
apt update #更新本地软件包列表索引,修改了apt仓库后必须执⾏
apt upgrade #升级所有已安装且可升级到新版本的软件包
apt search NAME #搜索安装包
apt purge apache2 #卸载单个软件包删除配置⽂件
apt show apache2 #查看某个安装包的详细信息
apt install apache2 #在线安装软件包
apt remove apache2 #卸载单个软件包但是保留配置⽂件
apt autoremove apache2 #删除安装包并解决依赖关系
apt full-upgrade #升级整个系统,必要时可以移除旧软件包。
apt edit-sources #编辑source源⽂件
apt-cache madison nginx #查看仓库中软件包有哪些版本可以安装
apt install nginx=1.14.0-0ubuntu1.6 #安装软件包的时候指定安装具体的版本
本文来自博客园,作者:ଲ小何才露煎煎饺,转载请注明原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/zeny/p/16578220.html