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 validation.xml文件的文档结构是由validator_1_1_3.dtd文件定义,其文件头部内容如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE form-validation PUBLIC

"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Commons Validator Rules Configuration 1.1.3//EN"

"http://jakarta.apache.org/commons/dtds/validator_1_1_3.dtd">

其顶层元素为:<form-validation>,它包含<formset>和<global>子元素。一般只需要定义<formset>元素,<formset>元素定义格式如下:

<formset>

<constant></constant>

<form></form>

</formset>

其中<constant />为可选子元素,而<form />子元素至少需要出现一次。<form />子元素的定义格式如下:

<form name="">

<field property=""></field>

..............

<field property="" depends="" page="" indexedListProperty=""></field>

</form>

其中属性描述如下:

l name:指定了表单的名字与配置文件中的form-bean的name相同;

l field:对应表单中验证的字段;

l property:对应ActionForm的属性;

l depends:指定验证规则,例如:required、maxlength等;

l page:ActionForm若是跨页表单,则与表单中的page属性对应。
2. <field>子元素配置举例

2.1 必填(或非空)验证

非空验证的depends属性值为required,配置举例如下:

<form name="UserForm">

<field property="loginName" depends="required">

<arg0 key="UserForm.loginName" />

</field>

<field property="name" depends="required">

<arg0 key="UserForm.name" />

</field>

<field property="password" depends="required">

<arg0 key="UserForm.password" />

</field>

</form>

其中<arg0 key="UserForm.password" />中的key跟资源文件中的键对应。

注意:为了使默认的验证产生正确的信息,开发人员还需要在资源文件中添加errors.required等默认的错误信息,具体操作时,开发人员可在简体中文的资源文件:ApplicationResources_zh_CN.properties.bak中添加如下信息:

errors.required = {0}不能为空

errors.maxlength = {0}长度不能大于{1}个字符

errors. minlength = {0}长度不能小于{1}个字符

errors.short = {0}必须是一个整数

errors.integer = {0}必须是一个整数

errors.long={0}必须是一个整数

errors.float={0}必须是一个浮点数

errors.double ={0}必须是一个双精度型

errors.date={0}必须是一个日期

errors.range = {0}必须是 {1} 到 {2}之间的整数

errors.creditcard={0}必须是一个有效的信用卡号码

errors.email = {0}是无效e-mail地址

在英文资源文件ApplicaitonResources.properties中添加如下内容:

errors.required={0} is required.

errors.minlength={0} can not be less than {1} characters.

errors.maxlength={0} can not be greater than {1} characters.

errors.invalid={0} is invalid.



errors.byte={0} must be a byte.

errors.short={0} must be a short.

errors.integer={0} must be an integer.

errors.long={0} must be a long.

errors.float={0} must be a float.

errors.double={0} must be a double.



errors.date={0} is not a date.

errors.range={0} is not in the range {1} through {2}.

errors.creditcard={0} is an invalid credit card number.

errors.email={0} is an invalid e-mail address.

2.2 最大长度和最小长度验证

可在<field>元素的depends属性中添加maxlength和minlength来限制对于那个字段的最大长度和最小长度,使用举例如下:

<field property="password" depends = "required, maxlength, minlength">

<arg0 key = "UserForm.password"/>

<var>

<var-name>maxlength</var-name>

<var-value>12</var-value>

</var>

<var>

<var-name>minlength</var-name>

<var-value>6</var-value>

</var>

</field>

2.3 Email验证

在Struts中还可以添加email验证,此时depends为email,使用举例如下:

<field property="email" depends="required, email">

<arg0 key="UserForm.email" />

</field>

2.4 日期验证

在Struts中还可以添加日期验证,此时depends为date,使用举例如下:

<field property="begintime" depends="date">

<arg0 key="HistoryForm.begintime" />

</field>

2.5 整数范围验证

在Struts中还提供了验证整数是否在某个范围之间,例如下述的例子验证整数是否在1到9999之间,配置如下:

<field property="score" depends="intRange">

<arg0 key="TestForm.score" />

<arg1 name="intRange" key="${var:min}" resource="false" />

<var>

<var-name>min</var-name>

<var-value>1</var-value>

</var>

<arg2 name="intRange" key="${var:max}" resource="false" />

<var>

<var-name>max</var-name>

<var-value>99999</var-value>

</var>

</field>

2.6 自定义验证

在Struts中的验证机制提供了扩展,开发人员可以添加自定义的验证规则,例如可添加文件类型的验证。此时需要编写的Java类、在validator-rules.xml添加该验证规则以及添加验证的js。

自定义验证的Java类CustomValidator的代码如下所示:

package com.amigo.struts.validation;

import java.util.regex.Matcher;

import java.util.regex.Pattern;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.apache.commons.validator.Field;

import org.apache.commons.validator.GenericValidator;

import org.apache.commons.validator.Validator;

import org.apache.commons.validator.ValidatorAction;

import org.apache.commons.validator.util.ValidatorUtils;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMessages;

import org.apache.struts.validator.Resources;

/**

* Struts自定义验证类.

*/

public class CustomValidator {



/**

* 判断文件类型

*/

public static boolean validateFileType(Object bean, ValidatorAction va,

Field field, ActionMessages errors, Validator validator,

HttpServletRequest request) {

String value = ValidatorUtils.getValueAsString(bean, field

.getProperty());

String inputType = value.substring(value.lastIndexOf('.'));

String type[] = field.getVarValue("fileTypeProperty").split(";");

if (!GenericValidator.isBlankOrNull(value)) {

try {

boolean judge = false;

for (int i = 0; i < type.length; i++) {

Pattern p = Pattern.compile(type[i],

Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);

Matcher m = p.matcher(inputType);

judge = m.matches();

if (judge) {

break;

}

}



if (!judge) {

errors.add(field.getKey(), Resources.getActionMessage(

validator, request, va, field));

return false;

}

} catch (Exception e) {

errors.add(field.getKey(), Resources.getActionMessage(

validator, request, va, field));

return false;

}

}

return true;

}

}

接着还需要在validator-rules.xml这个验证规则文件中添加如下内容:

<!-- 判断文件类型-->

<validator name="fileType" classname="com.cotel.comm.EarlyValidator" method="validateFileType"

methodParams="java.lang.Object,

org.apache.commons.validator.ValidatorAction,

org.apache.commons.validator.Field,

org.apache.struts.action.ActionMessages,

org.apache.commons.validator.Validator,

javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest"

msg="errors.fileType">

<javascript>

<![CDATA[

function validateFileType(form) {

var isValid = true;

var focusField = null;

var i = 0;

var fields = new Array();

var formName = form.getAttributeNode("name");



oFileType = eval('new ' + formName.value + '_fileType()');







for (x in oFileType) {

var field = form[oFileType[x][0]];





if ((field.type == 'hidden' ||

field.type == 'text' ||

field.type == 'file' ||

field.type == 'textarea') &&

field.disabled == false) {



var iMax =oFileType[x][2]("fileTypeProperty").split(";");

var index = field.value.lastIndexOf(".");

var length = field.value.length;

var fileType= field.value.substring(index, length);

var judege=false;



if(length>0 && fileType!=""){

for (var j = 0; j < iMax.length; j++) {

if (iMax[j].toLowerCase() == fileType.toLowerCase()) {

judege = true;

break;

}

}



if (!judege) {

if (i == 0) {

focusField = field;

}



fields[i++] = oFileType[x][1];

isValid = false;

}

}

}

}

if (fields.length > 0) {

focusField.focus();

alert(fields.join('"n'));

}

return isValid;

}

]]>

</javascript>

</validator>

利用上面这个自定义的验证可以验证文件的类型,在下面的例子中验证文件的类型是否为jpg的,举例如下:

<field property="picPath" depends="required,fileType">

<arg0 key="TestForm.picPath" />

<var>

<var-name>fileTypeProperty</var-name>

<var-value>.jpg</var-value>

</var>

</field>
3. 完整配置实例

本小节举一个validation.xml配置的完整例子,本例汇总,对两个表单添加了验证规则。内容如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE form-validation PUBLIC

"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Commons Validator Rules Configuration 1.1.3//EN"

"http://jakarta.apache.org/commons/dtds/validator_1_1_3.dtd">

<form-validation>

<formset>

<form name="UserinfoForm">

<field property="email" depends="email">

<arg0 key="UserinfoForm.email" />

</field>

<field property="mobile" depends="required">

<arg0 key="UserinfoForm.mobile" />

</field>

<field property="description" depends="maxlength">

<arg0 key="UserinfoForm.description" />

<arg1 name="maxlength" key="${var:maxlength}" resource="false" />

<var>

<var-name>maxlength</var-name>

<var-value>200</var-value>

</var>

</field>

</form>

<form name="PasswordForm">

<field property="newPass" depends="required">

<arg0 key="PasswordForm.newPass" />

</field>

<field property="oldPass" depends="required">

<arg0 key="PasswordForm.oldPass" />

</field>

<field property="conPass" depends="required">

<arg0 key="PasswordForm.conPass" />

</field>

</form>

</formset>

</form-validation>