服务端SpringBoot2.x :localhost:8082
前端Vue2.x :localhost:81
前后端的端口号不同,为跨域,导致前端访问后端时,每次访问都新生产一个sessionID。解决如下:
后端:
1.添加过滤器:
package com.nsoft.gkzp.syscore.config.filter; import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager; import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import javax.servlet.*; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import java.io.IOException;
@Configuration //内置tomcat运行不加它没问题,但后来改为用外置tomcat时,启动后过滤器会失效,后来查明原因需要加上@Configuration才行 @WebFilter(urlPatterns = "/*", filterName = "corsFilter") public class CorsFilter implements Filter { final private static Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(CorsFilter.class); @Override public void destroy() { } /** * 此过滤器只是处理跨域问题 * @param servletRequest * @param servletResponse * @param chain * @throws ServletException * @throws IOException */ @Override public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException { HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest; HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse; String origin = request.getHeader("Origin"); if(origin == null) { origin = request.getHeader("Referer"); } response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", origin);// 允许指定域访问跨域资源(这里不能写*,*代表接受所有域名访问,如写*则下面一行代码无效。谨记) response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials", "true");//true代表允许客户端携带cookie(此时origin值不能为“*”,只能为指定单一域名) response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "GET, HEAD, POST, PUT, DELETE, TRACE, OPTIONS, PATCH"); /// 允许浏览器在预检请求成功之后发送的实际请求方法名 response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "Authorization,Origin, X-Requested-With, Content-Type, Accept,Access-Token");// 允许浏览器发送的请求消息头 //response.setHeader("Access-Control-Max-Age", "86400"); // 浏览器缓存预检请求结果时间,单位:秒 chain.doFilter(request,response); } @Override public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException { } }
2. springboot2.配置过滤器时,启动类必须加上@ServletComponentScan才会加载过滤器
package com.nsoft.gkzp; import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.web.server.ConfigurableWebServerFactory; import org.springframework.boot.web.server.ErrorPage; import org.springframework.boot.web.server.WebServerFactoryCustomizer; import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletComponentScan; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.CorsRegistry; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter; /** * springboot入口 * MapperScan("com.nsoft.gkzp.**.dao")为扫描mapper, 所以dao下面的类就不需要添加@mapper注解了 * ServletComponentScan 添加了过滤器,故这里要添加@ServletComponentScan注解,spring才会扫描到过滤器(eg:com.nsoft.gkzp.syscore.config.filter.CorsFilter) */ @SpringBootApplication @ServletComponentScan @MapperScan("com.nsoft.gkzp.**.dao") public class GzyGkzpApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(GzyGkzpApplication.class, args); } /** * 在springboot整合vue前端时,vue使用url跳转时报404错误,此处代码解决此问题 * 参照https://blog.csdn.net/Mr_EvanChen/article/details/83625082 */ @Bean public WebServerFactoryCustomizer<ConfigurableWebServerFactory> webServerFactoryCustomizer(){ return factory -> { ErrorPage error404Page = new ErrorPage(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND, "/index.html"); factory.addErrorPages(error404Page); }; } }
3. spring-session 2.x
中 Cookie
里面了SameSite
,他默认值是 Lax
SameSite Cookie 是用来防止CSRF攻击,它有两个值:Strict、Lax
SameSite = Strict:意为严格模式,表明这个cookie在任何情况下都不可能作为第三方cookie;
SameSite = Lax :意为宽松模式,在get请求是可以作为第三方cookie,但是不能携带cookie进行跨域post访问(这就很蛋疼了,我们那个校验接口就是POST请求)
package com.nsoft.gkzp.syscore.config; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.session.web.http.CookieSerializer; import org.springframework.session.web.http.DefaultCookieSerializer;
/**
* https://www.cnblogs.com/hujinshui/p/11025848.html
* spring-session 2.x 中 Cookie里面引入了SameSite他默认值是 Lax,
* SameSite Cookie 是用来防止CSRF攻击,它有两个值:Strict、Lax
* SameSite = Strict:意为严格模式,表明这个cookie在任何情况下都不可能作为第三方cookie;
* SameSite = Lax:意为宽松模式,在get请求是可以作为第三方cookie,但是不能携带cookie进行跨域post访问
* 总结:前端请求到后台,每次session都不一样,每次都是新的会话,导致获取不到用户信息
*/
@Configuration public class SpringSessionConfig {
public SpringSessionConfig() { }
@Bean
public CookieSerializer httpSessionIdResolver() {
DefaultCookieSerializer cookieSerializer = new DefaultCookieSerializer(); // 取消仅限同一站点设置
cookieSerializer.setSameSite(null); return cookieSerializer;
}
}
前端:
1)配置
main.js
import axios from 'axios'; axios.defaults.withCredentials=true;//让ajax携带cookie
我写的注册页面,使用了axios:
2)全局配置如下:
2.1 )前端使用proxy代理时配置如下:
main.js
// xenv 标记当前环境 true:开发环境 false:生产环境 const xenv = true; // 注册全局变量 Vue.prototype.$global = { //contentPath 标记根路径,主要用于axios请求后端数据的url contentPath: xenv ? '/api/' : router.options.base };
(xenv设为true;所以 根路径contentPath的值必为‘/api/’ ,而‘/api/’ 在vue.config.js里配置为代理,如下。)
vue.config.js
devServer: { open: true, host: '0.0.0.0', port: 80, https: false, hotOnly: false, before: app => { }, proxy: { // 配置跨域 '/api': { target: 'http://127.0.0.1:8082/', ws: true, changOrigin: true, pathRewrite: { '^/api': '/' } } } },
2.2)前端不使用proxy代理时,把根目录写死为要访问的后端地址就ok了,修改如下:
main.js:
// xenv 标记当前环境 true:开发环境 false:生产环境 const xenv = true; // 注册全局变量 Vue.prototype.$global = { // contentPath 标记根路径,主要用于axios请求后端数据的url // contentPath: xenv ? '/api/' : router.options.base contentPath: 'http://127.0.0.1:8082/' };
(注意:如将前端vue打包后放到部署的后端代码里去一起运行,这里写上部署服务器的域名及端口。当用户使用此域名端口访问时就不是跨域了。)
4. 跨域白名单
(为了安全起见,可在服务端设置可跨域访问的白名单地址)
1. 自定义了一个配置文件 D:\workspace-gzy-gkzp\src\main\resources\resources\config.properties (这里对于localhost,127.0.0.1两个ip,不要放到正式环境。否则如对方用本地环境,去访问正式的后台,会被允许跨域访问,不安全)
#允许CORS的IP(即可跨域访问白名单,添加多个用英文逗号隔开coreFile.java)((端口号固定为application.properties配置的server.port)) system.accessControlAllowOrigin =192.168.1.61,zshj.com.cn #测试环境加上localhost,127.0.0.1 system.accessControlAllowOrigin =localhost,127.0.0.1,,zshj.com.cn
2.读取配置文件类 D:\workspace-gzy-gkzp\src\main\java\com\nsoft\gkzp\syscore\config\MyDefinedUtil.java
package com.nsoft.gkzp.syscore.config;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
/**
* 自定义配置类 获取config.properties相关参数
*( 其他类获取值,请用注解@Autowired 方式 ,否则获取不到值)
* @author zdyang
* @date 2019.08.30
*/
@Configuration //标识这个是一个配置类
@PropertySource(value = "classpath:resources/config.properties")
public class MyDefinedUtil {
@Value("${system.encoding:UTF-8}") //冒号后的值为没有配置文件时,制动装载的默认值 //下面的属性不能为static类型,否则获取不到值
public String SYSTEM_ENCODING; //#System Encoding
//文件管理
@Value("${system.file.folder.img}")
public String SYSTEM_FILE_FOLDER_IMG;
//允许跨域白名单
@Value("${system.accessControlAllowOrigin}")
public String SYSTEM_ACCESSCONTROLALLOWORIGIN;
}
3.跨域配置类:D:\workspace-gzy-gkzp\src\main\java\com\nsoft\gkzp\syscore\config\filter\CorsFilter.java
package com.nsoft.gkzp.syscore.config.filter; import com.nsoft.gkzp.syscore.config.MyDefinedUtil; import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager; import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import javax.servlet.*; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import java.io.IOException;
@Configuration //内置tomcat运行不加它没问题,但后来改为用外置tomcat时,启动后过滤器会失效,后来查明原因需要加上@Configuration才行 @WebFilter(urlPatterns = "/*", filterName = "corsFilter") public class CorsFilter implements Filter { final private static Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(CorsFilter.class); @Autowired MyDefinedUtil myDefinedUtil; @Override public void destroy() { } /** * 此过滤器只是处理跨域问题 * @param servletRequest * @param servletResponse * @param chain * @throws ServletException * @throws IOException */ @Override public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException { HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest; HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse; String origin = request.getHeader("Origin"); if(origin == null) { origin = request.getHeader("Referer"); } //允许跨域白名单 String whiteList=myDefinedUtil.SYSTEM_ACCESSCONTROLALLOWORIGIN; boolean isValid = false; String adressIP = null;//截取地址栏的ip地址 if(origin != null){ try { adressIP = origin.substring(origin.indexOf("://") + 3); int b = adressIP.indexOf(":");//有端口号情况 eg:https://127.0.0.1:8080 if (b > 0) { adressIP = adressIP.substring(0, b); }else{ b = adressIP.indexOf("/");//如果是默认端口号,地址栏不填写端口情况(443 80)eg: https://127.0.0.1 if (b > 0) { adressIP = adressIP.substring(0, b); } } isValid = whiteList.contains(adressIP); //将origin截出ip字符串 }catch (Exception e){ logger.error("白名单校验出错:"+e.getMessage(),e); } } logger.info("跨域验证:origin="+origin+"***adressIP="+adressIP+"***isValid="+isValid);// 如为跨域请求,下面的"Access-Control-Allow-Origin"值置为null,就无法访问了。。。如果为非跨域请求,这个为null不会受影响,依然允许访问 response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", isValid ? origin : "null");// 允许指定域访问跨域资源(这里不能写*,*代表接受所有域名访问,如写*则下面一行代码无效。谨记) response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials", "true");//true代表允许客户端携带cookie(此时origin值不能为“*”,只能为指定单一域名) response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "GET, HEAD, POST, PUT, DELETE, TRACE, OPTIONS, PATCH"); /// 允许浏览器在预检请求成功之后发送的实际请求方法名 response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "Authorization,Origin, X-Requested-With, Content-Type, Accept,Access-Token");// 允许浏览器发送的请求消息头 //response.setHeader("Access-Control-Max-Age", "86400"); // 浏览器缓存预检请求结果时间,单位:秒 //logger.info("****************测试过滤器及日志1111"); chain.doFilter(request,response); //logger.error("****************测试过滤器及日志2222"); } @Override public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException { } }
白名单心路历程如下:
首先参考 https://blog.csdn.net/qq_15054679/article/details/90684703 :
config.properties
#允许CORS的IP(即可跨域访问白名单,添加多个用英文逗号隔开)(本地连接在CorsFilter.java中已设置,就不在这里配置了)
system.accessControlAllowOrigin =http://localhost:8082
CorsFilter.java
package com.nsoft.gkzp.syscore.config.filter; import com.nsoft.gkzp.syscore.config.MyDefinedUtil; import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager; import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import javax.servlet.*; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import java.io.IOException;
@Configuration //内置tomcat运行不加它没问题,但后来改为用外置tomcat时,启动后过滤器会失效,后来查明原因需要加上@Configuration才行 @WebFilter(urlPatterns = "/*", filterName = "corsFilter") public class CorsFilter implements Filter { final private static Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(CorsFilter.class); @Autowired MyDefinedUtil myDefinedUtil; @Override public void destroy() { } /** * 此过滤器只是处理跨域问题 * @param servletRequest * @param servletResponse * @param chain * @throws ServletException * @throws IOException */ @Override public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException { HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest; HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse; String origin = request.getHeader("Origin"); if(origin == null) { origin = request.getHeader("Referer"); } //允许跨域白名单 String[] whiteList = (myDefinedUtil.SYSTEM_ACCESSCONTROLALLOWORIGIN).split(",") ; boolean isValid = false; logger.info("origin="+origin); for(String ip : whiteList){ if(origin != null && origin.equals(ip)){ isValid = true; break; } } logger.info("isValid="+isValid);//如为跨域请求,下面的"Access-Control-Allow-Origin"值置为null,就无法访问了。。。如果为非跨域请求,这个为null不会受影响,依然允许访问
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", isValid ? origin : "null");// 允许指定域访问跨域资源(这里不能写*,*代表接受所有域名访问,如写*则下面一行代码无效。谨记) response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials", "true");//true代表允许客户端携带cookie(此时origin值不能为“*”,只能为指定单一域名) response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "GET, HEAD, POST, PUT, DELETE, TRACE, OPTIONS, PATCH"); /// 允许浏览器在预检请求成功之后发送的实际请求方法名 response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "Authorization,Origin, X-Requested-With, Content-Type, Accept,Access-Token");// 允许浏览器发送的请求消息头 //response.setHeader("Access-Control-Max-Age", "86400"); // 浏览器缓存预检请求结果时间,单位:秒 chain.doFilter(request,response); } @Override public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException { } }
上面代码用 origin.equals(ip) 去判定不是很好。
原因是测试时发现,
1)origin如果是域名的话(值为http://zhxy.nsoft.com.cn:8082),如果是ip地址的话会有斜杠(值为:http://120.24.253.6:8082/)。这样在config.properties配置文件配置白名单参数system.accessControlAllowOrigin时会有很多,其很麻烦
2)我把http协议改为https协议时:端口号变了,http也改成https,参数system.accessControlAllowOrigin改的时候也很麻烦。
参照:
本文来自博客园,作者:东方飘雪,转载请注明原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/zdyang/p/11636697.html