linux下安装oracle11g

 

1.安装前准备

  1.创建linux虚拟机

  2. linux系统参数设置

    1.hosts文件配置

    vi /etc/hosts

    192.168.1.52.itpuxhsdb

    2.配置语言环境

    echo "exprot LANG=EN_US" >>~/.bash_profile

    sour ~/.bash_profile

    3.准备文件系统

查看代码

        pvcreate /dev/sdb /dev/sdc /dev/sdd /dev/sde

    vgcreate oravg /dev/sdb

    vgcreate datavg /dev/sdc

    vgcreate backvg /dev/sdd

    vgcreate archvg /dev/sde




    lvcreate -n oralv -L 50000M oravg

    lvcreate -n datalv -L 200000M datavg

    lvcreate -n backuplv -L 400000M backvg

    lvcreate -n archivelv -L 200000M archvg




    mkfs.xfs /dev/backvg/backuplv

    mkfs.xfs /dev/archvg/archivelv

    mkfs.xfs /dev/datavg/datalv

    mkfs.xfs /dev/oravg/oralv




    echo "/dev/oravg/oralv       /oracle xfs

    defaults             0 0" >> /etc/fstab

    echo "/dev/datavg/datalv /oradata xfs

    default              0 0" >> /etc/fstab

    echo "/dev/backvg/backuplv          /backup       xfs

    defaults            0 0" >> /etc/fstab

    echo "/dev/archvg/archivelv          /archive        xfs

    defaults            0 0" >> /etc/fstab

    echo "none      /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,  size=6144m 0 0" >> /etc/fstab




    cat /etc/fstab




    mkdir /oracle

    mkdir /oradata

    mkdir /backup

    mkdir /archive




    mount /oracle

    mount /oradata

    mount /backup

    mount /archive




    /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60001 oinstall

    /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60002 dba

    /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60003 oper

     4.创建用户、组、目录

        /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60001 oinstall
        /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60002 dba
        /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60003 oper

        useradd -u 61001 -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle

        passwd oracle

        mkdir -p /oracle
        mkdir -p /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0
        mkdir -p /oracle/app/oraInventory

        chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle
        chown -R oracle:oinstall /oradata
        chown -R oracle:oinstall /backup
        chown -R oracle:oinstall /archive

        chmod -R 775 /oracle
        chmod -R 775 /oradata
        chmod -R 775 /backup
        chmod -R 775 /archive

     5.配置yum源环境以及软件安装

mount /dev/cdrom /mnt  --挂载

cd /etc/yum.repos.d
mkdir bk
mv *.repo bk/

echo "[EL]" >> /etc/yum.repos.d/itpux.repo --
echo "name =Linux 6.x DVD" >> /etc/yum.repos.d/itpux.repo   --
echo "baseurl=file:///mnt" >> /etc/yum.repos.d/itpux.repo  
echo "gpgcheck=0" >> /etc/yum.repos.d/itpux.repo
echo "enabled=1" >> /etc/yum.repos.d/itpux.repo

cat /etc/yum.repos.d/itpux.repo

# From Public Yum or ULN
yum install binutils -y
yum install compat-libcap1 -y
yum install compat-libstdc++-33 -y
yum install gcc -y
yum install gcc-c++ -y
yum install glibc -y
yum install glibc-devel -y
yum install ksh -y
yum install libgcc -y
yum install libstdc++ -y
yum install libstdc++-devel -y
yum install libaio -y
yum install libaio-devel -y
yum install libXext -y
yum install libXtst -y
yum install libX11 -y
yum install libXau -y
yum install libxcb -y
yum install libXi -y
yum install make -y
yum install sysstat -y
yum install unixODBC -y
yum install unixODBC-devel -y
yum install unzip -y

      6.修改资源限制参数

vi /etc/security/limits.conf

#ORACLE SETTING
grid soft nproc 16384 --对进程数限制
grid hard nproc 16384
grid soft nofile 65536 --一个进程可打开文件的次数，影响并化度
grid hard nofile 65536
grid soft stack 32768//
grid hard stack 32768
oracle soft nproc 16384
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 65536
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 32768
oracle hard stack 32768
oracle hard memlock 7000000--memlock单位kb，略低于物理内存
oracle soft memlock 7000000

     7.控制给用户分配的资源

vi /etc/security/limits.d/20-nproc.conf
* soft nproc 16384

echo "session required pam_limits.so" >> /etc/pam.d/login
cat /etc/pam.d/login

     8.修改内核参数

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

#ORACLE SETTING
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 --可拥有的IO进程数
fs.file-max = 6815744 --允许的最大文件数目
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
kernel.panic_on_oops = 1  
 --数据库最大内存不超过物理内存80%（SGA*80%+PGA*20%）
 --8G:sga<4.8G，pga<1.6G
kernel.shmmax = 5033164800--单个共享内存段最大值，让数据库一个共享段里面可以容纳整个SGA
kernel.shmall = 1228800 --控制共享内存页参数
kernel.shmmni = 4096 --共享内存段最大数量
vm.nr_hugepages = 2500 --生产环境linux必配，否则性能过差，物理内存大于8G一定要配
 --（sga_max_size+1g）<memlock
sysctl -p

cat /proc/meminfo

    9.修改透明页（rhel 6.x）  

cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
[always] madvise never

cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
[always] madvise never

vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local

if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled; then
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
fi
if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag; then
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
fi

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

     10.关闭numa功能 --关闭以后就可调用任意内核模块

yum install numactl -y

vi /etc/default/grub

numa=off

grub2-mkconfig -o /etc/grub2.cfg

    11.配置安全

    1.禁用SELINUX

    SELINUX=disabled

    setenforce = 0 

    2.关闭防火墙

    systemctl stop friewalld.service

    systemctl disable firdwalld.service

    systemctl status firewalld.service

    重启OS

    12.配置oracle环境变量

    

su - oracle
vi ~/.bash_profile

PS1="[`whoami`@`hostname`:"'$PWD]$'
export PS1
export TMP=/tmp --临时目录
export LANG=en_US --语言环境
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=fghsdb --数据库尾名
ORACLE_SID=fghsdb; export ORACLE_SID --数据库实例名
ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE 
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM  --终端类型
NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS"; export NLS_DATE_FORMAT  --日期格式
NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK;export NLS_LANG  --字符集
PATH=.:$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin; export PATH
THREADS_FLAG=native; export THREADS_FLAG  
umask=022 --线程标数
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -u 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi

  3.下载linux版本oracle11g

    1.官网下载对应版本的oracle 

    2.上传文件至服务器，解压