mongodb 入门 和 php示例

内容太多了,感觉不好写,就写点入门的吧,其他参考 参考_MonogDB 中文网 (mongodb.net.cn) 虽然内容是机器翻译的,但也还好,基本能看.

 

相关概念:

 

database 数据库

collection 集合,相当于数据库表

document 文档,相当于数据记录行

 

docker run -d --name mongo -p 27017:27017 mongo
docker exec -it mongo bash

mongosh

查看当前数据库
db


查看数据库列表
show dbs


查看数据集列表
show tables
show collections


选择数据库: 数据库不存在也可以,而当插入数据后,数据库就会自动创建
use <database>


删除当前数据库
db.dropDatabase()

 

 

创建集合或视图

db.createCollection(
    <name>,
    {
        capped: <boolean>,
        autoIndexId: <boolean>,
        size: <number>,
        max: <number>,
        storageEngine: <document>,
        validator: <document>,
        validationLevel: <string>,
        validationAction: <string>,
        indexOptionDefaults: <document>,
        viewOn: <string>,
        pipeline: <pipeline>,
        collation: <document>,
        writeConcern: <document>
    }
)

 

删除集合

db.collection.drop()

 

创建视图

db.createView(
  "<viewName>",
  "<source>",
  [<pipeline>],
  {
    "collation" : { <collation> }
  }
)


db.createCollection(
 "<viewName>",
  {
    "viewOn" : "<source>",
    "pipeline" : [<pipeline>],
    "collation" : { <collation> }
  }
)

 

插入文档

db.collection.insert(
   <document or array of documents>,
   {
     writeConcern: <document>,
     ordered: true  //是否按顺序写入
   }
)


db.collection.insertOne(
   <document>,
   {
      writeConcern: <document>
   }
)


db.collection.insertMany(
   [ <document 1> , <document 2>, ... ],
   {
      writeConcern: <document>,
      ordered: <boolean>
   }
)

 

 

查找文档

db.collection.find(
    query, //查询条件
    projection //返回的字段 { name:1, _id:0 } ,表示取 name 字段, 不要默认包含的 _id 字段
)


db.collection.findOne(
    query,
    projection
)

 

更新文档

db.collection.update(
   <query>,
   <update>,
   {
     upsert: <boolean>, // 是否自动创建
     multi: <boolean>, // 是否更新多条
     writeConcern: <document>,
     collation: <document>,
     arrayFilters: [ <filterdocument1>, ... ],
     hint:  <document|string>  // 手动指定索引
   }
)


db.collection.updateOne(
   <filter>,
   <update>,
   {
     upsert: <boolean>,
     writeConcern: <document>,
     collation: <document>,
     arrayFilters: [ <filterdocument1>, ... ],
     hint:  <document|string>
   }
)


db.collection.updateMany(
   <filter>,
   <update>,
   {
     upsert: <boolean>,
     writeConcern: <document>,
     collation: <document>,
     arrayFilters: [ <filterdocument1>, ... ],
     hint:  <document|string>
   }
)

 

删除文档

db.collection.remove(
   <query>,
   {
     justOne: <boolean>,
     writeConcern: <document>,
     collation: <document>
   }
)
db.collection.deleteOne(
   <filter>,
   {
      writeConcern: <document>,
      collation: <document>
   }
)


db.collection.deleteMany(
   <filter>,
   {
      writeConcern: <document>,
      collation: <document>
   }
)

构造查询

 

创建固定集合 products，整个集合空间大小 6142800B, 文档最大个数为 10000 个
db.createCollection('products', {capped:true, autoIndexId:true, size:6142800, max:10000 })


插入文档,直接插入文档,也会自动创建集合的
db.products.insert(
   [
     { item: "pen", qty: 20 },
     { item: "eraser", qty: 25 },
{ item: "pencil", qty: 50, type: "no.2", _id: 11 }
   ]
)


查询条件 : where qty > 10 and qty <= 50 and item = "eraser" and (qty >= 0 or item <> "pencil" ) limit 0, 5
db.products.find({
    qty: {$gt : 20, $lte : 50},
    item:"eraser",
    
    $or:[
        qty: {$gte : 0},
        item: {$ne:"pencil"}
    ]

}).limit(5).skip(0).pretty()


更新
db.col.update({item:'pen'}, {$set:{'qty':300}}, {multi:true})

 

php 示例

<?php

// 查询 ==================================================

$manager = new MongoDB\Driver\Manager("mongodb://localhost:27017");
$writeConcern = new MongoDB\Driver\WriteConcern(MongoDB\Driver\WriteConcern::MAJORITY, 1000);

// 插入数据
$bulk = new MongoDB\Driver\BulkWrite;
$bulk->insert(['x' => 1, 'name' => '菜鸟教程', 'url' => 'http://www.runoob.com']);
$bulk->insert(['x' => 2, 'name' => 'Google', 'url' => 'http://www.google.com']);
$bulk->insert(['x' => 3, 'name' => 'taobao', 'url' => 'http://www.taobao.com']);
$manager->executeBulkWrite('test.sites', $bulk, $writeConcern);

$filter = ['x' => ['$gt' => 1]];
$options = [
    'projection' => ['_id' => 0], // 字段
    'sort' => ['x' => -1], // 排序
];

// 查询数据
$query = new MongoDB\Driver\Query($filter, $options);

$cursor = $manager->executeQuery('test.sites', $query);

foreach($cursor as $document) {
    print_r($document);
}


// 更新 ============================================


$bulk = new MongoDB\Driver\BulkWrite;
$bulk->update(
    ['x' => 2],
    ['$set' => ['name' => '菜鸟工具', 'url' => 'tool.runoob.com']],
    ['multi' => false, 'upsert' => false]
);

$manager = new MongoDB\Driver\Manager("mongodb://localhost:27017");
$writeConcern = new MongoDB\Driver\WriteConcern(MongoDB\Driver\WriteConcern::MAJORITY, 1000);
$result = $manager->executeBulkWrite('test.sites', $bulk, $writeConcern);



// 删除 ===========================================================================


$bulk = new MongoDB\Driver\BulkWrite;
$bulk->delete(['x' => 1], ['limit' => 1]);   // limit 为 1 时，删除第一条匹配数据
$bulk->delete(['x' => 2], ['limit' => 0]);   // limit 为 0 时，删除所有匹配数据

$manager = new MongoDB\Driver\Manager("mongodb://localhost:27017");
$writeConcern = new MongoDB\Driver\WriteConcern(MongoDB\Driver\WriteConcern::MAJORITY, 1000);
$result = $manager->executeBulkWrite('test.sites', $bulk, $writeConcern);