Flask.2

Flask 拆分文件

FlaskWork 为工程文件

• __init__.py ：

from flask import Flask

from App.extension import init_ext
from App.settings import envs
from App.views import init_blue

def create_app(env):

    # 创建Flask对象
    app = Flask(__name__)

    # 加载配置  初始化配置
    app.config.from_object(envs.get(env))

    # 初始化扩展库，加载扩展库
    init_ext(app)

    # 初始化路由 加载路由
    init_blue(app)

    return app

 

• extension.py（扩展库）

from flask_migrate import Migrate
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy

db = SQLAlchemy()
migrate = Migrate()

def init_ext(app):
    db.init_app(app)
    migrate.init_app(app, db)

• settings.py（一般配置四套环境：开发环境、测试环境、演示环境、生产环境）

def get_db_uri(dbinfo):
    database = dbinfo.get("DATABASE")
    driver = dbinfo.get("DRIVER")
    user = dbinfo.get("USER")
    password = dbinfo.get("PASSWORD")
    host = dbinfo.get("HOST")
    port = dbinfo.get("PORT")
    name = dbinfo.get("NAME")

    return "{}+{}://{}:{}@{}:{}/{}".format(database,driver,user,password,host,port,name)


class Config:
    DEBUG = False
    TESTING = False
    SECRET_KEY = "zbczbc"
    SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS = False

class DevelopConfig(Config):
    DEBUG = True
    dbinfo = {
        "DATABASE":"mysql",
        "DRIVER":"pymysql",
        "USER":"root",
        "PASSWORD":"your password",
        "HOST":"127.0.0.1",
        "PORT":"3306",
        "NAME":"FlaskWork"
    }
    SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = get_db_uri(dbinfo)


class TestingConfig(Config):
    TESTING = True
    dbinfo = {
        "DATABASE":"mysql",
        "DRIVER":"pymysql",
        "USER":"root",
        "PASSWORD":"your password",
        "HOST":"127.0.0.1",
        "PORT":"3306",
        "NAME":"FlaskWork"
    }
    SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = get_db_uri(dbinfo)


class StagingConfig(Config):
    dbinfo = {
        "DATABASE": "mysql",
        "DRIVER": "pymysql",
        "USER": "root",
        "PASSWORD": "your password",
        "HOST": "127.0.0.1",
        "PORT": "3306",
        "NAME": "FlaskWork"
    }
    SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = get_db_uri(dbinfo)


class ProductConfig(Config):
    dbinfo = {
        "DATABASE": "mysql",
        "DRIVER": "pymysql",
        "USER": "root",
        "PASSWORD": "your password",
        "HOST": "127.0.0.1",
        "PORT": "3306",
        "NAME": "FlaskWork"
    }
    SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = get_db_uri(dbinfo)

envs = {
    "develop": DevelopConfig,
    "testing": TestingConfig,
    "staging": StagingConfig,
    "product": ProductConfig,
    "default": ProductConfig
}

• views.py（视图函数(FlaskWork)）

from Movies.views import movies_blue
from Users.views import users_blue

def init_blue(app):
    app.register_blueprint(blueprint=users_blue)
    app.register_blueprint(blueprint=movies_blue)

Users

• models.py

from FlaskWork.extension import db
from common.models import BaseModel

class User(BaseModel):

    name = db.Column(db.String(32), unique=True)
    password = db.Column(db.String(256))
    email = db.Column(db.String(128), unique=True)
    icon = db.Column(db.String(256), nullable=True)

    def check_password(self,password):
        return self.password == password

• views.py（简单的实现用户注册）

#蓝图
users_blue = Blueprint("users_blue",__name__,url_prefix="/users")

@users_blue.route('/register/',methods=["GET","POST"])
def register():
    if request.method == "GET":
        return render_template('register.html')
    elif request.method == "POST":
        username = request.form.get("username")
        password = request.form.get("password")
        password1 = request.form.get("conpassword")
        email = request.form.get("email")
        icon = request.files.get("icon")

        users = User.query.filter(User.name.__eq__(username)).all()

        if users:
            return "该用户已存在"

        if password != password1:
            return "两次密码输入不一致"

        path = None
        if icon:
            try:
                ext = "." + icon.filename.split(".")[-1]
            except Exception as e:
                ext = ".jpg"

            path = "/static/icons/" + username + ext
            save_path = "/Users/elema/Desktop/python1903/Day04/FlaskHomework/static/icons/" + username + ext
            icon.save(save_path)

        user = User(name=username, password=password, email=email, icon=path)


        if user.save():
            return redirect(url_for('users_blue.login'))
        else:
            return "注册失败"

manage.py（管理者）

import os

from flask_migrate import MigrateCommand
from flask_script import Manager

from FlaskWork import create_app

env = os.environ.get("FLASK_ENV") or "default"

app = create_app(env)

manager = Manager(app)
manager.add_command("db", MigrateCommand)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    manager.run()

migrations（为迁移文件，可以和数据库进行映射）

 

扩展库

• 迁移
• 可以自动将模型变成数据库中的表
• 实现
• flask-migrate
• 使用过程
• 安装　　
  • pip install flask-migrate　　
• 配置
• 绑定app和db
• 创建一个Migrate对象，传递app和db进去
  
• 具体使用
• 首次使用需要初始化
• python manage.py db init
• 如果模型有变更，生成迁移文件
• python manage.py db migrate　
• 将迁移文件映射到数据库中
• python manage.py db upgrade（升级）
• 后悔药
• python manage.py db downgrade（降级）