postgresql-安装过程

https://www.hyouit.com?aff=418

1、初始化系统配置

# useradd -d /opt/postgres postgres
# yum groupinstall -y "Development Tools" "Legacy UNIX Compatibility" -y
# yum install -y bison flex readline* zlib-devel gcc* gmake -y
# mkdir /pgdata
# mkdir /archive
# chown postgres.postgres /pgdata/ -R
# chown postgres.postgres /archive/ -R
# vim /etc/sysctl.conf 
kernel.shmmax = 68719476736
kernel.shmall = 4294967296
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 50100 64128000 50100 1280
fs.file-max = 7672460
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 1048576
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

# sysctl -p
# vim /etc/security/limits.conf 
* soft nofile 131072
* hard nofile 131072
* soft nproc 131072
* hard nproc 131072
* soft core unlimited
* hard core unlimited
* soft memlock 50000000
* hard memlock 50000000

2、安装postgresql数据库

# tar -zxvf postgresql-12.6.tar.gz 
# cd postgresql-12.6
# ./configure --prefix=/opt/postgres/ --with-pgport=1921
# gmake world
# gmake install-world
# chown postgres.postgres /opt/postgres/ -R
# su - postgres
$ vim .bash_profile 
export PGDATA=/pgdata
export PGHOME=/opt/postgres
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${PGHOME}/lib:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}
export DATE=$(date +"%y%m%d%H%M")
export PATH=${PGHOME}/bin:${PATH}
export MANPATH=${PGHOME}/share/man:${MANPATH}
export PGUSER=postgres

$ source .bash_profile  
$ psql --version
## 初始化数据
$ initdb -A md5 -D ${PGDATA} -E utf8 --locale=C -W
## 启动数据库 
$ pg_ctl -D /pgdata -l logfile start

$ psql
Password for user postgres: 
psql (12.6)
Type "help" for help.

## 停止数据库
$ pg_ctl -D /pgdata/12/data/ stop -ms    # 等用户连接主动关闭后，再停止
$ pg_ctl -D /pgdata/12/data/ stop -mf    # 默认方式，系统断开用户连接后停止
$ pg_ctl -D /pgdata/12/data/ stop -mi    # 直接强制停止
$ pg_ctl restart -mf

3、简单操作

postgres=# create database test;
postgres=# \c test
test=# create table t1(id int);
test=# insert into t1 values(1);
test=# \l
                             List of databases
   Name    |  Owner   | Encoding | Collate | Ctype |   Access privileges   
-----------+----------+----------+---------+-------+-----------------------
 postgres  | postgres | UTF8     | C       | C     | 
 template0 | postgres | UTF8     | C       | C     | =c/postgres          +
           |          |          |         |       | postgres=CTc/postgres
 template1 | postgres | UTF8     | C       | C     | =c/postgres          +
           |          |          |         |       | postgres=CTc/postgres
 test      | postgres | UTF8     | C       | C     | 

test=# \d
        List of relations
 Schema | Name | Type  |  Owner   
--------+------+-------+----------
 public | t1   | table | postgres

test=# \d+
                      List of relations
 Schema | Name | Type  |  Owner   |    Size    | Description 
--------+------+-------+----------+------------+-------------
 public | t1   | table | postgres | 8192 bytes |