容器的使用(一)
一. 运行第一个容器
1. 查看 docker版本
[root@c720120 ~]# docker -v
Docker version 18.05.0-ce, build f150324
2. 运行第一个容器
[root@c720120 ~]# docker container run alpine echo "Hello World"
Hello World
二. 开始,停止,移除容器
1.(1) 查看容器(以下命令是查看所有正在运行的容器)
root@c720120 ~]# docker container ls
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
486271eb3a34 0c60bcf89900 "/dashboard --insecu…" 4 days ago Up 4 days k8s_kubernetes-dashboard_kubernetes-dashboard-7b44ff9b77-87vnz_kube-system_f4b7d3c3-6354-11e8-aec8-525400da66d3_3
d5e2a84188a3 f0fad859c909 "/opt/bin/flanneld -…" 4 days ago Up 4 days k8s_kube-flannel_kube-flannel-ds-jpn69_kube-system_d511775a-6350-11e8-aec8-525400da66d3_2
(2) 查看容器(所有的容器,包括运行和没有运行的容器)
[root@c720120 ~]# docker container ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
1abf431ab8e1 alpine "echo 'Hello World'" 15 minutes ago Exited (0) 15 minutes ago xenodochial_lalande
52513c8d4a9d alpine "echo 'Hello World'" 17 minutes ago Exited (0) 17 minutes ago upbeat_roentge486271eb3a34 0c60bcf89900 "/dashboard --insecu…" 4 days ago Up 4 days k8s_kubernetes-dashboard_kubernetes-dashboard-7b44ff9b77-87vnz_kube-system_f4b7d3c3-6354-11e8-aec8-525400da66d3_3
(3)查看容器(只显示所 容器的ID)
[root@c720120 ~]# docker container ls -q
486271eb3a34
d5e2a84188a3
f5402aecff5d
d6e257bdf857
480c8322ffb8
1b854bcc2aab
d872474aef4d
2bf366ccc652
8a6d4a756fdf
8d31f95d2548
d3b6a739e42a
21c4b3486721
b924bad8ec4c
71cf291701e7
b2632fffbc1e
3850335e09a4
比如,可以执行以下命令删除所有的容器
$ docker container rm -f $(docker container ls -a -q)
如果要查看ls下的其它选项,请输入以下命令:
[root@c720120 ~]# docker container ls -h
Flag shorthand -h has been deprecated, please use --helpUsage: docker container ls [OPTIONS]
List containers
Aliases:
ls, ps, listOptions:
-a, --all Show all containers (default shows just running)
-f, --filter filter Filter output based on conditions provided
--format string Pretty-print containers using a Go template
-n, --last int Show n last created containers (includes all states) (default -1)
-l, --latest Show the latest created container (includes all states)
--no-trunc Don't truncate output
-q, --quiet Only display numeric IDs
-s, --size Display total file sizes
2. 停止和启动容器
(1)运行一个容器
[root@c720120 ~]# docker container run -d --name quotes alpine \
> /bin/sh -c "while :; do wget -qO- https://talaikis.com/api/quotes/random; printf '\n'; sleep 5; done"
75bc8db9fd99e6cde930e83e8e24140d2116f6edb9847970f40fafdd75f292f6
(2)停止在第一步运行的容器
[root@c720120 ~]# docker container stop quotes
quotes
或者执行以下命令:
export CONTAINER_ID = $(docker container ls | grep quotes | awk '{print $1}')
docker container stop $CONTAINER_ID
(3)启动容器
[root@c720120 ~]# docker container start quotes
quotes
3. 移除容器
(1)方式1
$ docker container rm <container ID>
(2)方式2
$ docker container rm <container name>
注意:有时候我们移除正在运行的容器时,会报错,如果要强行移除正在运行的容器,使用-f 或--force选项