Java 发送邮件

方式：

方式1：只依赖 javax.mail

依赖：

1         <dependency>
2             <groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
3             <artifactId>mail</artifactId>
4             <version>1.4.7</version>
5         </dependency>
View Code

示例代码：

  1 package cn.edu.buaa.act.mail;
  2 
  3 import java.util.Date;
  4 import java.util.Properties;
  5 
  6 import javax.activation.DataHandler;
  7 import javax.activation.DataSource;
  8 import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
  9 import javax.mail.Address;
 10 import javax.mail.Authenticator;
 11 import javax.mail.BodyPart;
 12 import javax.mail.Message;
 13 import javax.mail.Multipart;
 14 import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
 15 import javax.mail.Session;
 16 import javax.mail.Transport;
 17 import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
 18 import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
 19 import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
 20 import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
 21 
 22 public class SendEmail {
 23 
 24     private boolean validate = true;
 25     // 发送者邮箱名
 26     private String username = "monitor_car";
 27     // 发件人邮箱
 28     private String FROM = username + "@163.com";
 29     // 发送者邮箱密码
 30     private String password = "xxxx123";
 31     // 邮件显示的发件人
 32     private String FROM_NAME = "zhangyang";
 33     // 邮件服务器
 34     private String Email_Host = "smtp.163.com";
 35     // 邮件标题
 36     private String Email_Subject = "开会通知";
 37     // 邮件头
 38     private String Email_Header = "This Is Email Header";
 39     // 邮件内容
 40     private String Email_Body = "<a href=\"http://www.baidu.com\">This Is Email Body</a>";
 41     // 收件人邮箱
 42     private String TO = "xxxx@163.com";
 43 
 44     public void doSendEmail(int mailType) {
 45 
 46         // 获取系统环境
 47         Properties prop = new Properties();
 48         Authenticator auth = null;
 49         // 判断发送邮件是否需要验证
 50         if (validate) {
 51             // 邮件服务器认证 用户名和密码
 52             auth = new Authenticator() {
 53                 protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
 54                     return new PasswordAuthentication(username, password);
 55                 }
 56             };
 57         }
 58         // 添加必要的信息
 59         prop.put("mail.smtp.host", Email_Host);
 60         prop.put("mail.smtp.auth", validate);
 61 
 62         // 设置对话和邮件服务器进行通讯
 63         Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(prop, auth);
 64         // 在控制台显示Debug信息
 65         session.setDebug(true);
 66         // 设置邮件对象
 67         Message message = new MimeMessage(session);
 68         try {
 69             // 设置邮件主题
 70             message.setSubject(Email_Subject);
 71             // 设置邮件标题
 72             message.setHeader("Header", Email_Header);
 73             // 设置发送时间
 74             message.setSentDate(new Date());
 75 
 76             // 设置发信人地址 和 名字
 77             Address address = new InternetAddress(FROM, FROM_NAME);
 78             // 把发件人信息添加到信息中
 79             message.setFrom(address);
 80 
 81             // 设置发件人地址
 82             Address toAddress = new InternetAddress(TO);
 83             // 设置接收人地址
 84             message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, toAddress);
 85 
 86             // 设置多个收件人地址
 87             // message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,new
 88             // InternetAddress("xxx@xxx.com"));
 89 
 90             // 设置邮件格式
 91             switch (mailType) {
 92             case 1:// 发送纯文本邮件
 93                 message.setContent(Email_Body, "text/plain; charset=utf-8");
 94                 break;
 95             case 2:// 发送html邮件
 96                 message.setContent(Email_Body, "text/html; charset=utf-8");
 97                 break;
 98             case 3:// 发送附件
 99                 message.setContent(Email_Body, "text/html; charset=utf-8");
100 
101                 Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();
102                 // 邮件正文部分
103                 BodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
104                 messageBodyPart.setText("bodypart");
105                 multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);
106 
107                 // 邮件附件部分
108                 messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
109                 // 设置上传的资源
110                 DataSource source = new FileDataSource("C:/Users/zsm/Desktop/省级行政图.jpg");
111                 // 添加到
112                 messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));
113                 // 设置文件名称,记得后缀名
114                 messageBodyPart.setFileName("tmp.jpg");
115                 multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);
116 
117                 message.setContent(multipart);
118                 break;
119             default: {
120                 System.out.println("要发送的邮件类型错误");
121                 System.exit(1);
122             }
123             }
124 
125             // 保存上面添加的信息
126             message.saveChanges();
127             // 发送邮件
128             System.out.println("类型 " + mailType + "开始发送邮件……");
129             Transport.send(message);
130             System.out.println("发送成功！");
131         } catch (Exception e) {
132             System.out.println("出错");
133             e.printStackTrace();
134         }
135     }
136 
137     /**
138      * @param args
139      */
140     public static void main(String[] args) {
141         new SendEmail().doSendEmail(1);
142     }
143 }
View Code

 

方式2：Spring基于javax.mail的进一步封装（更易用的API、自动配置等）。个人感觉区别不是很大

依赖：spring-boot-starter-mail

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
        </dependency>
View Code

示例代码：

import java.util.Set;

import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

@Slf4j
@Component
public class SsMailSender {
    @Autowired
    JavaMailSender mailSender;// 注意需要在配置文件配置好邮件服务器的地址后 JavaMailSender Bean才会被自动创建，否则会报找不到Bean的错

    @Value("${spring.mail.username}")
    private String mailFrom;

    /**
     * 发送邮件的方法。
     * 
     * @param mailSubject     邮件标题
     * @param mailHtmlContent 邮件内容，支持html标签
     * @param mailsTo         接收方邮件地址，可有多个
     * @param mailsCc         邮件抄送地址，可有多个
     * @param mailsBcc        邮件隐秘抄送地址，可有多个
     * 
     * @return 发送成功与否
     */
    public boolean send(String mailSubject, String mailHtmlContent, Set<String> mailsTo, Set<String> mailsCc, Set<String> mailsBcc) {
        try {
            MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
            mimeMessage.setContentID(System.currentTimeMillis() + "");
            MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true);
            helper.setFrom(mailFrom);
            if (null != mailsTo) {
                helper.setTo(mailsTo.toArray(new String[0]));// 接收邮件者
            }
            if (null != mailsCc) {
                helper.setCc(mailsCc.toArray(new String[0]));// 邮件抄送者
            }
            if (null != mailsBcc) {
                helper.setBcc(mailsBcc.toArray(new String[0]));// 邮件隐秘抄送者，其他收件人收到邮件内容时不会看到隐秘抄送者
            }
            helper.setSubject(mailSubject);
            helper.setText(mailHtmlContent, true);
//            helper.addAttachment("课程列表.xls", file);//附件
            mailSender.send(mimeMessage);

            return true;
        } catch (MessagingException e) {
            log.error("error when sending email: " + e.getMessage(), e);
            return false;
        }
    }
}
View Code

示例代码：（综合两种）

接口定义：

 1 public interface EmailSender {
 2 
 3     default void setHostPortToMailPropertiesIfEnableAuth(Properties javaxMailPropertises, String host, int port) {
 4         Object authEnabled = javaxMailPropertises.get("mail.smtp.auth");// may be true or "true"
 5         if ("true".equals(authEnabled + "")) {
 6             javaxMailPropertises.put("mail.smtp.host", host);
 7             javaxMailPropertises.put("mail.smtp.port", port);
 8         }
 9     }
10 
11     default String generateDisplayNameFromEmail(String email) {
12         if (null == email) {
13             return null;
14         }
15         int index = email.indexOf("@");
16         return -1 == index ? "[" + email + "]" : email.substring(0, index);
17     }
18 
19     /**
20      * 
21      * @param mailSubject            邮件标题
22      * @param mailContent            邮件正文内容，支持html标签
23      * @param mailAttachFileAbsPaths 邮件的附加文件的路径，文件系统的绝对路径
24      * @param mailsTo                接收方邮件地址，可有多个
25      * @param mailsCc                邮件抄送地址，可有多个、可无
26      * @param mailsBcc               邮件隐秘抄送地址，可有多个、可无。其他收件人收到邮件内容时不会看到隐秘抄送者
27      */
28     public void doSendEmail(@NotEmpty String mailSubject, @NotEmpty String mailContent, @Nullable List<String> mailAttachFileAbsPaths, @NotEmpty Set<String> mailsTo, @Nullable Set<String> mailsCc,
29             @Nullable Set<String> mailsBcc) throws MessagingException, UnsupportedEncodingException;
30 }
EmailSender

方式1的实现：

  1 import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
  2 import java.util.Collection;
  3 import java.util.List;
  4 import java.util.Properties;
  5 import java.util.Set;
  6 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
  7 
  8 import javax.activation.DataHandler;
  9 import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
 10 import javax.mail.Address;
 11 import javax.mail.Authenticator;
 12 import javax.mail.BodyPart;
 13 import javax.mail.Message;
 14 import javax.mail.MessagingException;
 15 import javax.mail.Multipart;
 16 import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
 17 import javax.mail.Session;
 18 import javax.mail.Transport;
 19 import javax.mail.internet.AddressException;
 20 import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
 21 import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
 22 import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
 23 import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
 24 
 25 import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 26 import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
 27 
 28 import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
 29 
 30 /** 借助javax.mail实现的邮件发送工具类 */
 31 @Slf4j
 32 public class JavaxEmailSender implements EmailSender {
 33 
 34     private boolean logDebugInfo = true;
 35 
 36     private String mailFrom;
 37     private Authenticator auth;
 38     private Properties javaxMailPropertises;
 39 
 40     /**
 41      * 
 42      * @param host
 43      * @param port
 44      * @param username
 45      * @param password
 46      * @param javaxMailPropertises javax.mail所使用到的properties的设置，如"mail.smtp.host"。具有的配置项可参阅
 47      *                             <a href=
 48      *                             "https://javaee.github.io/javamail/docs/api/com/sun/mail/smtp/package-summary.html">https://javaee.github.io/javamail/docs/api/com/sun/mail/smtp/package-summary.html</a>
 49      */
 50     public JavaxEmailSender(String host, int port, String username, String password, Properties javaxMailPropertises) {
 51         setHostPortToMailPropertiesIfEnableAuth(javaxMailPropertises, host, port);
 52         this.mailFrom = username;
 53         this.auth = new Authenticator() {
 54             @Override
 55             protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
 56                 return new PasswordAuthentication(username, password);
 57             }
 58         };
 59         this.javaxMailPropertises = javaxMailPropertises;
 60         log.info("javaxMailPropertises={}", javaxMailPropertises);
 61     }
 62 
 63     @Override
 64     public void doSendEmail(String mailSubject, String mailContent, List<String> mailAttachFileAbsPaths, Set<String> mailsTo, Set<String> mailsCc, Set<String> mailsBcc)
 65             throws MessagingException, UnsupportedEncodingException {
 66         Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(javaxMailPropertises, auth);
 67         // 是否在控制台显示Debug信息
 68         session.setDebug(logDebugInfo);
 69         // 设置邮件对象
 70         Message message = new MimeMessage(session);
 71         // 设置邮件主题（标题）
 72         message.setSubject(mailSubject);
 73         // 设置发信人地址 和 名字。未指定后者则默认会采用邮箱@前面的部分
 74         message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(mailFrom, generateDisplayNameFromEmail(mailFrom)));
 75         // 设置收件人地址
 76         message.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, parseEmailAddress(mailsTo));
 77         message.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.CC, parseEmailAddress(mailsCc));
 78         message.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.BCC, parseEmailAddress(mailsBcc));
 79         // 设置邮件正文内容
 80         Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();
 81         message.setContent(multipart);
 82         {
 83             String type = "text/html; charset=utf-8";
 84             BodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
 85             messageBodyPart.setContent(mailContent, type);
 86             multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);
 87         }
 88         // 设置附件
 89         if (null != mailAttachFileAbsPaths) {
 90             for (String fileAbsPath : mailAttachFileAbsPaths) {
 91                 if (StringUtils.isEmpty(fileAbsPath)) {
 92                     continue;
 93                 }
 94                 String fileName = fileAbsPath.substring(fileAbsPath.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
 95                 BodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
 96                 messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource(fileAbsPath)));
 97                 messageBodyPart.setFileName(fileName);// 必须
 98                 multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);
 99             }
100         }
101 
102         // 发送邮件
103         Transport.send(message);
104         log.info("发送邮件，from={}, to={}, cc={}, bcc={}", mailFrom, mailsTo, mailsCc, mailsBcc);
105 
106     }
107 
108     private @Nullable Address[] parseEmailAddress(Collection<String> emailAddresses) {
109         if (null == emailAddresses) {
110             return null;
111         }
112         return emailAddresses.stream().map(e -> {
113             try {
114                 return (new InternetAddress(e));
115             } catch (AddressException e1) {
116                 e1.printStackTrace();
117                 return null;// TODO email
118             }
119         }).collect(Collectors.toList()).toArray(new Address[0]);
120     }
121 }
JavaxEmailSender

方式2的实现：

  1 import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
  2 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
  3 import java.util.List;
  4 import java.util.Properties;
  5 import java.util.Set;
  6 
  7 import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
  8 import javax.mail.MessagingException;
  9 import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
 10 
 11 import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
 12 import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl;
 13 import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
 14 import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
 15 
 16 import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
 17 
 18 /**
 19  * 借助Spring框架的JavaMailSender（其是对Javax mail的进一步封装，封装了连接复用管理等）来实现的邮件发送工具类。<br>
 20  * JavaMailSender的默认实现是JavaMailSenderImpl。
 21  */
 22 @Slf4j
 23 public class SpringEmailSender implements EmailSender {
 24     // 容器自动注入。
 25     // 当在配置文件配置好邮件服务器的地址（spring.mail.host）后 JavaMailSender
 26     // Bean才会被Spring容器自动创建，否则启动会报找不到Bean的错。
 27     // 配置文件见org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailProperties
 28     // 自动创建的逻辑见org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailSenderAutoConfiguration#mailSender方法
 29 //    @Autowired
 30 //    JavaMailSender mailSender;
 31 
 32     private String mailFrom;
 33     private JavaMailSender mailSender;
 34 
 35     /**
 36      * 
 37      * @param host
 38      * @param port
 39      * @param username
 40      * @param password
 41      * @param javaxMailPropertises javax.mail所使用到的properties的设置，如"mail.smtp.host"。具有的配置项可参阅
 42      *                             <a href=
 43      *                             "https://javaee.github.io/javamail/docs/api/com/sun/mail/smtp/package-summary.html">https://javaee.github.io/javamail/docs/api/com/sun/mail/smtp/package-summary.html</a>
 44      */
 45     public SpringEmailSender(String host, int port, String username, String password, Properties javaxMailPropertises) {
 46         setHostPortToMailPropertiesIfEnableAuth(javaxMailPropertises, host, port);
 47 
 48         // 对JavaMailSender手动初始化（不依赖Spring容器自动创建Bean）
 49         // 参考Spring容器对自动创建JavaMailSender的过程：org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailSenderAutoConfiguration#mailSender方法
 50         JavaMailSenderImpl ms = new JavaMailSenderImpl();
 51         ms.setHost(host);
 52         ms.setPort(port);
 53         ms.setUsername(username);
 54         ms.setPassword(password);
 55         ms.setDefaultEncoding(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name());
 56         ms.setJavaMailProperties(javaxMailPropertises);
 57 
 58         this.mailFrom = username;
 59         this.mailSender = ms;
 60         log.info("javaxMailPropertises={}", javaxMailPropertises);
 61     }
 62 
 63     @Override
 64     public void doSendEmail(String mailSubject, String mailContent, List<String> mailAttachFileAbsPaths, Set<String> mailsTo, Set<String> mailsCc, Set<String> mailsBcc)
 65             throws MessagingException, UnsupportedEncodingException {
 66         MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
 67         mimeMessage.setContentID(System.currentTimeMillis() + "");
 68         MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true);
 69 
 70         // 设置邮件主题（标题）
 71         helper.setSubject(mailSubject);
 72         // 设置发信人地址 和 名字。未指定后者则默认会采用邮箱@前面的部分
 73         helper.setFrom(mailFrom, generateDisplayNameFromEmail(mailFrom));
 74         // 设置收件人地址
 75         if (null != mailsTo) {
 76             helper.setTo(mailsTo.toArray(new String[0]));
 77         }
 78         if (null != mailsCc) {
 79             helper.setCc(mailsCc.toArray(new String[0]));
 80         }
 81         if (null != mailsBcc) {
 82             helper.setBcc(mailsBcc.toArray(new String[0]));
 83         }
 84         // 设置邮件正文内容
 85         helper.setText(mailContent, true);
 86         // 设置附件
 87         if (null != mailAttachFileAbsPaths) {
 88             for (String fileAbsPath : mailAttachFileAbsPaths) {
 89                 if (StringUtils.isEmpty(fileAbsPath)) {
 90                     continue;
 91                 }
 92                 String fileName = fileAbsPath.substring(fileAbsPath.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
 93                 helper.addAttachment(fileName, new FileDataSource(fileAbsPath));
 94             }
 95         }
 96 
 97         mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
 98         log.info("发送邮件，from={}, to={}, cc={}, bcc={}", mailFrom, mailsTo, mailsCc, mailsBcc);
 99     }
100 }
SpringEmailSender

配置文件：（定义配置类，可借助SpringBoot将之对应到application.yml文件配置项）

 1     public static class EmailConfig {
 2 
 3         private String subject = " 潜渊教育-验证码-test";
 4         /** 邮件内容模板 */
 5         private final String template = "您好，您的验证码为：%s，本验证码%s秒内有效，如非本人操作，请忽略本邮件。";
 6         /** 验证码的字符个数 */
 7         private int charCount = 5;
 8 
 9         // 以下为mail自身设置相关得到配置，同spring.mail的MailProperties类定义的属性
10         private String host = "smtp.partner.outlook.cn";
11         private int port = 587;
12         private String username = "edu.noreply@xx.com";
13         private String password = "xx@xxx";
14         /** javax.mail定义并用到的配置 */
15         private Properties javaxEmailProperties = new Properties();
16         {
17             javaxEmailProperties.put("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");
18             javaxEmailProperties.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable", true);
19             javaxEmailProperties.put("mail.smtp.starttls.required", true);
20             javaxEmailProperties.put("mail.smtp.auth", true);
21             // 如下两个字段必须，但在实现时自动采用上述host、port的值，故无须重复指定
22             // mailSessionProperties.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.partner.outlook.cn");// 必须
23             // mailSessionProperties.put("mail.smtp.port", 587);// 必须
24 
25         }
26     }
EmailConfig

 

posted @ 2016-09-09 18:12  March On  阅读(320)  评论(0)  编辑  收藏  举报
top last
Welcome user from
(since 2020.6.1)