mongodb更新操作

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除了查询条件，还可以使用修改器对文档进行更新。   1. $inc   > db.tianyc03.find() { "_id" : ObjectId("50ea6b6f12729d90ce6e341b"), "name" : "xtt", "age" : 11 } > db.tianyc03.update({name:'xtt',age:11},{'$inc':{age:5}}) > db.tianyc03.find() { "_id" : ObjectId("50ea6b6f12729d90ce6e341b"), "name" : "xtt", "age" : 16 }   #$inc还可以添加列。   > db.tianyc04.find() { "_id" : ObjectId("510c83ad13d7e50c2281b048"), "wc" : 1 } > db.tianyc04.update({wc:1},{$inc:{score:50}}) > db.tianyc04.find() { "_id" : ObjectId("510c83ad13d7e50c2281b048"), "score" : 50, "wc" : 1 } >   2. $set   用来指定一个键的值，若该键不存在，则创建。如果需要删除该键，使用$unset。   #新增加列sex > db.tianyc03.update({name:'xtt',age:16},{$set:{sex:'m'}}) > db.tianyc03.find() { "_id" : ObjectId("50ea6b6f12729d90ce6e341b"), "age" : 16, "name" : "xtt", "sex" : "m" } #修改列sex > db.tianyc03.update({name:'xtt',age:16},{$set:{sex:'male'}}) > db.tianyc03.find() { "_id" : ObjectId("50ea6b6f12729d90ce6e341b"), "age" : 16, "name" : "xtt", "sex" : "male" } #改变列sex数据类型 > db.tianyc03.update({name:'xtt',age:16},{$set:{sex:1}}) > db.tianyc03.find() { "_id" : ObjectId("50ea6b6f12729d90ce6e341b"), "age" : 16, "name" : "xtt", "sex" : 1 } #删除列sex > db.tianyc03.update({name:'xtt',age:16},{$unset:{sex:1}}) > db.tianyc03.find() { "_id" : ObjectId("50ea6b6f12729d90ce6e341b"), "age" : 16, "name" : "xtt" }    3. $push   用来增加数组。若没有改列，则会自动增加。   > db.tianyc03.find() { "_id" : ObjectId("50ea6b6f12729d90ce6e341b"), "age" : 16, "name" : "xtt" }   > db.tianyc03.update({'name':'xtt'},{$push:{companies:'neu'}}) > db.tianyc03.find() { "_id" : ObjectId("50ea6b6f12729d90ce6e341b"), "age" : 16, "companies" : [ "neu" ], "name" : "xtt" }   > db.tianyc03.update({'name':'xtt'},{$push:{companies:'alibaba'}}) > db.tianyc03.find() { "_id" : ObjectId("50ea6b6f12729d90ce6e341b"), "age" : 16, "companies" : [ "neu", "alibaba" ], "name" : "xtt" }   4. $addToSet   #push操作不会检查数组中元素是否重复，如果需要将不重复的数据加入数组，需要使用$addToSet   > db.tianyc03.update({'name':'xtt'},{$addToSet:{companies:'alibaba'}})   > db.tianyc03.find() { "_id" : ObjectId("50ea6b6f12729d90ce6e341b"), "age" : 16, "companies" : [ "neu", "alibaba", "alibaba" ], "name" : "xtt" } > db.tianyc03.update({'name':'xtt'},{$addToSet:{companies:'congxing'}}) > db.tianyc03.find() { "_id" : ObjectId("50ea6b6f12729d90ce6e341b"), "age" : 16, "companies" : [ "neu", "alibaba", "alibaba", "congxing" ], "name" : "xtt" } > db.tianyc03.update({'name':'xtt'},{$addToSet:{companies:'congxing'}}) > db.tianyc03.find() { "_id" : ObjectId("50ea6b6f12729d90ce6e341b"), "age" : 16, "companies" : [ "neu", "alibaba", "alibaba", "congxing" ], "name" : "xtt" } >   5. $pop   通过$pop可以从数组中移除数据。此时数据被看成是一个队列。使用{$pop:{key:1}}将从队列末尾移除元素，使用{$pop:{key:-1}}将从队列开头移除元素。   > db.tianyc03.update({'name':'xtt'},{$addToSet:{companies:['c1','c2']}}) > db.tianyc03.find() { "_id" : ObjectId("50ea6b6f12729d90ce6e341b"), "age" : 16, "companies" : [ "neu", "alibaba", "alibaba", "congxing", [ "c1", "c2" ] ], "name" : "xtt" }   > db.tianyc03.update({'name':'xtt'},{$pop:{companies:1}}) > db.tianyc03.find() { "_id" : ObjectId("50ea6b6f12729d90ce6e341b"), "age" : 16, "companies" : [ "neu", "alibaba", "alibaba", "congxing" ], "name" : "xtt" } > > db.tianyc03.update({'name':'xtt'},{$pop:{companies:-1}}) > db.tianyc03.find() { "_id" : ObjectId("50ea6b6f12729d90ce6e341b"), "age" : 16, "companies" : [ "alibaba", "alibaba", "congxing" ], "name" : "xtt" } >   6. $pull   除了 $pop，也可以使用 $pull 来删除数组中的元素，此时可以根据元素值进行匹配，将匹配上的元素全部删除。   > db.tianyc03.update({'name':'xtt'},{$addToSet:{companies:'teletek'}}) > db.tianyc03.find() { "_id" : ObjectId("50ea6b6f12729d90ce6e341b"), "age" : 16, "companies" : [ "alibaba", "alibaba", "congxing", "teletek" ], "name" : "xtt" } > db.tianyc03.update({},{$pull:{companies:'congxing'}}) > db.tianyc03.find() { "_id" : ObjectId("50ea6b6f12729d90ce6e341b"), "age" : 16, "companies" : [ "alibaba", "alibaba", "teletek" ], "name" : "xtt" }   > db.tianyc03.update({},{$pull:{companies:'alibaba'}}) > db.tianyc03.find() { "_id" : ObjectId("50ea6b6f12729d90ce6e341b"), "age" : 16, "companies" : [ "teletek" ], "name" : "xtt" } >

　　转自:http://www.cnblogs.com/yuechaotian/archive/2013/02/04/2890266.html