高可用nginx集群
高可用nginx集群
部署基于nginx分发器的高可用web集群
- 分发器故障自动切换
- 数据服务器自动容错
- 任何机器宕机不中断web业务
实验拓扑
实验环境
角色 | IP |
---|---|
client | 192.168.0.10 |
master | 192.168.0.40 VIP=192.168.0.150 |
backup | 192.168.0.41 VIP=192.168.0.150 |
web1 | 192.168.0.42 |
web2 | 192.168.0.43 |
实验步骤
a、配置nginx集群
master&backup安装nginx和keepalived
修改nginx配置文件
[root@master ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
upstream web {
server 192.168.0.42 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=3;#3秒内失败2次,则认为此节点失效
server 192.168.0.43 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=3;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
proxy_pass http://web;
}
}
}
b、配置keepalived
[root@master ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id NGINX_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script check_nginx { #定义脚本的名称为check_nginx
script "/etc/keepalived/nginx_pid.sh" #检查对应位置的文件是否存在
interval 2 #定义执行间隔为2秒
fall 1 #失败次数为1次
}
vrrp_instance nginx { #定义实例名称为nginx
state MASTER #定义主机状态
interface ens33 #定义通信接口,VIP绑定的接口
mcast_src_ip 192.168.0.40 #定义发送vrrp广播的源地址,模式使用VIP绑定网卡的主IP地址
virtual_router_id 51#定义VRID,主从设备vrid要抑制
priority 100#定义优先级
advert_int 1 #定义检查间隔,默认1秒
authentication { #设置认证,同一vrid的设备要抑制
auth_type PASS #认证方式为PASS
auth_pass 1111 #认证密码为1111
}
track_script {
check_nginx #调用在vrrp_script中定义的内容
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.0.150/24
}
}
[root@backup ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id NGINX_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script check_nginx {
script "/etc/keepalived/nginx_pid.sh"
interval 2
fall 1
}
vrrp_instance nginx {
state BACKUP
interface ens33
mcast_src_ip 192.168.0.41
virtual_router_id 51
priority 90
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
track_script {
check_nginx
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.0.150/24
}
}
c、构建关联脚本
[root@master ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/nginx_pid.sh
#!/bin/bash
nginx_kp_check () {
nginxpid=`ps -C nginx --no-header |wc -l`
if [ $nginxpid -eq 0 ];then
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
sleep 1
nginxpid=`ps -C nginx --no-header |wc -l`
if [ $nginxpid -eq 0 ];then
systemctl stop keepalived
fi
fi
}
nginx_kp_check
[root@backup ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/nginx_pid.sh
#!/bin/bash
nginx_kp_check () {
nginxpid=`ps -C nginx --no-header |wc -l`
if [ $nginxpid -eq 0 ];then
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
sleep 1
nginxpid=`ps -C nginx --no-header |wc -l`
if [ $nginxpid -eq 0 ];then
systemctl stop keepalived
fi
fi
}
nginx_kp_check
脚本功能说明:统计nginx进程数量,如果进程数量的值等于0,说明nginx挂了,
那么执行/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx去启动分发器,等待1秒后再次检查进程数量,
如果进程数量的值还是等于0,则执行systemctl stop keepalived停止keepalived服务。
这样就停止发组播,释放VIP,而备用服务器就开始接手工作了。
集群高可用性测试
集群测试:使用客户端正常访问VIP
[root@client ~]# curl 192.168.0.150
web1
[root@client ~]# curl 192.168.0.150
web2
在master上down掉nginx服务
[root@master ~]# watch -n1 'killall nginx'
每隔秒执行一次killall nginx命令
[root@master ~]# ip add #查看VIP是否还在
[root@backup ~]# ip add #到backup主机上查看是否有VIP
继续测试
[root@client ~]# curl 192.168.0.150
web1
[root@client ~]# curl 192.168.0.150
web2
重启master上的keepalived服务
[root@master ~]# ip add #查看VIP是否飘回来
[root@master ~]# lsof -i :80 #查看nginx是否被启
再次测试
[root@client ~]# curl 192.168.0.150
web1
[root@client ~]# curl 192.168.0.150
web2
数据服务器宕机测试
停止web1主机上的web服务
[root@web1 ~]# systemctl stop httpd
切换到client主机测试
[root@client ~]# curl 192.168.0.150
web2
[root@client ~]# curl 192.168.0.150
web2
启动web1主机上的web服务
[root@web1 ~]# systemctl start httpd
切换到client主机测试
[root@client ~]# curl 192.168.0.150
web2
[root@client ~]# curl 192.168.0.150
web1