Java的信号量实际上是一个功能完毕的计数器,对控制一定资源的消费与回收有着很重要的意义,信号量常常用于多线程的代码中,并能监控有多少数目的线程等待获取资源,并且通过信号量可以得知可用资源的数目等等,这里总是在强调“数目”二字,但不能指出来有哪些在等待,哪些资源可用

package unit_fifteen;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;

/** 
* Java线程:新特征-信号量
* 
*/ 
public class Test {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
                MyPool myPool = new MyPool(20);
                //创建线程池
                ExecutorService threadPool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2); 
                MyThread t1 = new MyThread("任务A", myPool, 3); 
                MyThread t2 = new MyThread("任务B", myPool, 12); 
                MyThread t3 = new MyThread("任务C", myPool, 7); 
                //在线程池中执行任务
                threadPool.execute(t1); 
                threadPool.execute(t2); 
                threadPool.execute(t3); 
                //关闭池
                threadPool.shutdown(); 
        } 
} 

/** 
* 一个池 
*/ 
class MyPool { 
        private Semaphore sp;    //池相关的信号量

        /** 
         * 池的大小,这个大小会传递给信号量
         * 
         * @param size 池的大小
         */ 
        MyPool(int size) {
                this.sp =new Semaphore(size);
        } 

        public Semaphore getSp() {
                return sp;
        } 

        public void setSp(Semaphore sp) {
                this.sp = sp;
        } 
} 

class MyThread extends Thread { 
        private String threadname;            //线程的名称
        private MyPool pool;                        //自定义池
        private int x;                                    //申请信号量的大小

        MyThread(String threadname, MyPool pool, int x) {
                this.threadname = threadname;
                this.pool = pool;
                this.x = x;
        } 

        public void run() {
                try {
                        //从此信号量获取给定数目的许可
                        pool.getSp().acquire(x); 
                        //todo:也许这里可以做更复杂的业务
                        System.out.println(threadname + "成功获取了" + x +"个许可!");
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace(); 
                } finally {
                        //释放给定数目的许可,将其返回到信号量。
                        pool.getSp().release(x); 
                        System.out.println(threadname + "释放了" + x +"个许可!");
                } 
        } 
}