基于Java完成的一个hello/hi的简单的网络聊天程序
服务器端代码
import java.io.*; import java.net.InetAddress; import java.net.ServerSocket; import java.net.Socket; public class server { public static void main(String[] args) { try { ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(10086); Socket socket = null; int count = 0; System.out.println("服务器启动"); while (true) { socket = serverSocket.accept(); InetAddress inetAddress=socket.getInetAddress(); ServerThread thread=new ServerThread(socket,inetAddress); thread.start(); count++; System.out.println("客户端数量:" + count); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } class ServerThread extends Thread{ Socket socket = null; InetAddress inetAddress= null; public ServerThread(Socket socket, InetAddress inetAddress) { this.socket = socket; this.inetAddress = inetAddress; } @Override public void run() { InputStream inputStream = null; InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = null; BufferedReader bufferedReader = null; OutputStream outputStream = null; OutputStreamWriter writer = null; try{ inputStream = socket.getInputStream(); inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "UTF-8"); bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader); String info = null; while ((info = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) { System.out.println("服务器端接收:"+"{'from_client':'"+socket.getInetAddress().getHostAddress()+"','data':'"+info+"'}"); } socket.shutdownInput(); outputStream = socket.getOutputStream(); writer = new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream, "UTF-8"); writer.write("hello"); writer.flush(); }catch (IOException e){ e.printStackTrace(); }finally{ try { if (writer != null) { writer.close(); } if (outputStream != null) { outputStream.close(); } if (bufferedReader != null) { bufferedReader.close(); } if (inputStreamReader != null) { inputStreamReader.close(); } if (inputStream != null) { inputStream.close(); } if (socket != null) { socket.close(); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }
客户端代码
import java.io.*; import java.net.Socket; public class client { public static void main(String[] args) { try { Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 10086); OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream(); OutputStreamWriter writer=new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream,"UTF-8"); writer.write("hi"); writer.flush(); socket.shutdownOutput(); InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream(); InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream,"UTF-8"); BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader); String info = null; System.out.println("客户端IP地址:"+socket.getInetAddress().getHostAddress()); while ((info = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) { System.out.println("客户端接收:" + info); } bufferedReader.close(); inputStreamReader.close(); inputStream.close(); writer.close(); outputStream.close(); socket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
结果图:
服务器端:
客户端:
分析:
一、Java基于Socket类和ServerSocket类实现网络编程
服务器端通信流程:
- new一个ServerSocket,用于接收用户请求
- 调用ServerSocket的accept方法获得用户请求的Socket
- 创建输入流读取客户端发送的数据
- 创建输出流向客户端发送数据消息
客户端通信流程:
- new一个Socket,传入参数为服务器的IP和Port
- 创建输出流向服务器发送数据消息
- 创建输入流读取服务器发送来的数据消息
二、Java Socket API与Linux Socket API
// 创建一个套接字 int socket(itn domain, int type, int protocol); // 将套接字绑定到地址上 int bind(int sockfd, const struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t addelen); // 监听连接 int listen(int sockfd, int backlog); // 接收一个连接请求 int accept(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t *addrlen);
Java的Socket类和ServerSocket类其实是对Linux Socket API的封装,是更高层次的抽象,所以使用Java完成网络编程会更简单。