时序和随机，函数解耦，模块化和函数模块保护
1.函数解耦：
fetch()和change()函数中均用到文件处理的操作，所以定义file_handler()做统一处理，防止fetch和change中都夹杂文件处理的内容，增强代码的可读性和维护性
#!user/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- import os def file_handler(backend_data,res=None,type='fetch'): #位置参数在左，默认参数在右 # print(backend_data) if type == 'fetch': with open('haproxy.conf','r') as read_f: li = [] tag = False for read_line in read_f: # print(read_line) if read_line.strip() == backend_data: tag = True continue if tag and read_line.startswith('backend'): #找到backend 并且 下一行以backend开头(加上tag防止在目标行之前先找到backend) break if tag: print('\033[1;45m%s\033[0m' %read_line,end='') li.append(read_line) return li elif type == 'change': with open('haproxy.conf', 'r') as \ read_f, open('haproxy_new.conf', 'w') as write_f: tag = False has_writen_tag = False for read_line in read_f: if read_line.strip() == backend_data: tag = True # write_f.write(read_line) continue if tag and read_line.startswith('backend'): tag = False if not tag: write_f.write(read_line) else: if not has_writen_tag: for record in res: write_f.write(record) has_writen_tag = True os.rename('haproxy.conf', 'haproxy.conf.bak') # 对haproxy.conf文件重新命名为haproxy.conf.bak os.rename('haproxy_new.conf', 'haproxy.conf') # 对haproxy_new.conf重新命名为haproxy.conf os.remove('haproxy.conf.bak') # 移除.bak文件 def fetch(data): # print('\033[1;43m这是查询功能\033[0m') # print('\033[1;43m用户数据是\033[0m',data) backend_data = 'backend %s' %data return file_handler(backend_data) def add(): pass def change(data): # print('这是修改功能') print('用户输入的数据是',data) backend = data[0]['backend'] #文件中的一条记录 查找1 www.oldboy1.org backend_data = 'backend %s'%backend #backend www.oldboy1.org # server 2.2.2.4 2.2.2.4 weight 20 maxconn 3000 # server 2.2.2.5 2.2.2.5 weight 30 maxconn 4000 # [{'backend':'www.oldboy1.org','record':{'server':'2.2.2.4','weight':20,'maxconn':3000}},{'backend':'www.oldboy1.org','record':{'server':'2.2.2.5','weight':30,'maxconn':4000}}] old_server_record = '%sserver %s %s weight %s maxconn %s\n'%(' '*8,data[0]['record']['server'], data[0]['record']['server'], data[0]['record']['weight'], data[0]['record']['maxconn']) new_server_record = '%sserver %s %s weight %s maxconn %s\n'%(' '*8,data[1]['record']['server'], data[1]['record']['server'], data[1]['record']['weight'], data[1]['record']['maxconn']) print('用户想要修改的记录是',old_server_record) #查找2{'server':'2.2.2.4','weight':20,'maxconn':3000} res = fetch(backend) #fetch('www.oldboy1.org') # print('来自查找函数',res) print('来自修改函数--->',res) if not res or old_server_record not in res: print('修改记录不存在') else: index = res.index(old_server_record) res[index] = new_server_record res.insert(0,'%s\n' %backend_data) file_handler(backend_data,res=res,type='change') def delete(): pass if __name__ == '__main__': msg = ''' 1:查询 2:添加 3.修改 4.删除 5.退出 ''' msg_dic = { '1':fetch, '2':add, '3':change, '4':delete, '5':exit } bool = True while bool: print(msg) choice = input('please input your item:') if not choice:continue if choice == '5':break data = input('请输入你的数据:') if data == '': continue if choice != '1': data = eval(data) res = msg_dic[choice](data) print(res)
2.py文件相互调用和‘__name__’用法
module: import功能： 1. 执行py2文件中的所有内容，并把py1中调用到的在py1中执行 2. 引入变量名 __name__功能: 1. 在当前py文件中执行，输出__main__，用于不让他人调用本机主程序，如启动文件是bin.py if __main__ == '__name__': main.run() 所以当他人调用bin.py时，__main__ = 当前路径名，！='__name__', 那么代码将不会被调用 2. 在调用py文件中执行，输出当前文件路径, 用于控制不执行代码功能，如 if __name__ == '__main__': print('......') print('.......)
3.time三个内置表达式：
a时间戳；b结构化时间；c结构化时间转化为字符串时间
4.随机random()模块用法
5.生成验证码的两种方法
import sys import time print(sys.path) print(time.time()) # import time #time三个内置表达式 #1时间戳 功能：计算+显示 如1552394377.8605232 print(time.time()) #2结构化时间 如time.struct_time(tm_year=2019, tm_mon=3, tm_mday=12, tm_hour=20, tm_min=39, tm_sec=37, tm_wday=1, tm_yday=71, tm_isdst=0) t = time.localtime(time.time()) print(t) print(time.localtime()) #当地时间 结构化时间 print(t.tm_year) #t为对象 可调用属性 print(t.tm_wday) print(time.gmtime()) #世界标准时间 #3结构化时间转化为时间戳 print(time.mktime(time.localtime())) #将结构化时间转化为字符串时间 print(time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %X',time.localtime())) #将字符时间转化为结构化时间, print(time.strptime('2016:12:24:20:47:17','%Y:%m:%d:%X')) print(time.asctime()) #结构化时间-->国定格式的字符串时间 形式为结构化参数（对比结构化时间） print(time.ctime()) #时间戳-->固定格式的字符串时间 # import datetime print(datetime.datetime.now()) #当前时间，时间排布更合理 #创建模块，不要和py内置模块重名 import re print(re.findall(r'123','1223312333443')) #随机random()模块 import random ret = random.random() ret = random.randint(1,3) #从1-3中随机抽数,3可以取到 ret = random.randrange(1,3) #从1-3中水机抽数，3不可以取到 ret = random.choice([11,22,33,44,55]) #冲列表中随机选取一个数 ret = random.sample([11,22,33,44,55],2) #从列表中随机选取两个数 ret = [1,2,3,4,5] random.shuffle(ret) print(ret) #随机验证码解法1 import random def verify_code(): ret = [] j = 0 while j < 5: for i in range(1,5): num = str(random.randint(0,9)) letter = chr(random.randint(65, 90)) letter1 = chr(random.randint(97,122)) letter2 = str(random.choice([letter,letter1])) value = str(random.choice([num,letter2])) ret.append(value) print(''.join(ret)) ret = [] j +=1 if __name__ == '__main__': verify_code() #随机验证码解法2 import random def verify_code(): ret = '' for i in range(4): num = random.randint(0,9) ltr1 = chr(random.randint(65,90)) ltr2 = chr(random.randint(97,122)) ltr = random.choice([ltr1,ltr2]) s = str(random.choice([num,ltr])) ret +=s return ret if __name__ == '__main__': res = verify_code() print(res) dic = {} for i in range(60,125): if chr(i).isalpha(): dic[i] = chr(i) dic = dict(zip(dic.values(),dic.keys())) print(dic['A'],dic['Z'],dic['a'],dic['z'])
