Java/C++实现命令模式---多次撤销和撤回
某系统需要提供一个命令集合(注:可以使用链表,栈等集合对象实现),用于存储一系列命令对象,并通过该命令集合实现多次undo()和redo()操作,可以使用加法运算来模拟实现。\
类图:
Java代码:
package Lab16; import java.util.Stack; public abstract class AbstractCommand { public abstract int execute(int value); public abstract int undo(); public abstract int redo(); } public class AddCommand extends AbstractCommand { private Adder adder = new Adder(); private Stack<Integer> unStack = new Stack<Integer>();// 返回栈,用来记录所做的每一步操作,用于撤回 private Stack<Integer> reStack = new Stack<Integer>();// 重复栈,用来存储返回栈弹出的数据,由于重复 /** * 撤回 * */ public int undo() { int i=0; if (unStack.isEmpty()) { i=-1; }else{ Integer pop = unStack.pop(); reStack.push(pop); if(!unStack.isEmpty()){//判断弹出数据后是否为空,如果为空,说明已撤回到最原始状态 i=unStack.peek(); } } return i; } /** * 恢复 */ public int redo() { int i=0; if (reStack.isEmpty()) { i=-1; }else{//撤回时只要可以可以撤回,则返回栈一定有数据 Integer pop = reStack.pop(); unStack.push(pop); i=pop; } return i; } /** * 执行计算,并进行栈的更新 */ public int execute(int value) { int v = 0; if (unStack.isEmpty()) {// 说明还没有数据 v = adder.add(value); unStack.push(v); } else {// 需要更新两个栈中的内容,并计算结果,其中返回栈应该更新,重复栈应该清空 v = adder.add(value); unStack.push(v); if (!reStack.isEmpty()) { for (int i = 0; i < reStack.size(); i++) { reStack.pop(); } } } return v; } } public class Adder { private int num =0; public int add(int value) { num+=value; return num; } } public class CalculatorForm { private AbstractCommand command; public void setCommand(AbstractCommand command) { this.command =command; } /** * 执行运算 * @param value */ public void compute(int value) { command.execute(value); } /** * 撤回 */ public void undo() { int i = command.undo(); if(i==-1){ System.out.println("缓存中已不存在数据"); }else{ System.out.println("执行成功,运算结果是:"+i); } } /** * 恢复 */ public void redo() { int i = command.redo(); if(i==-1){ System.out.println("已恢复至最新数据"); } else{ System.out.println("执行成功,运算结果是:"+i); } } } public class Client { public static void main(String[] args) { CalculatorForm form = new CalculatorForm(); AddCommand command = new AddCommand(); form.setCommand(command); //计算 System.out.println("------计算过程------"); form.compute(1); form.compute(2); form.compute(3); form.compute(4); //多次撤回 System.out.println("------撤回过程------"); form.undo(); form.undo(); form.undo(); form.undo(); form.undo(); //多次恢复 System.out.println("------恢复过程------"); form.redo(); form.redo(); form.redo(); form.redo(); form.redo(); } }
C++代码:
#include<iostream> #include<stack> using namespace std; int num=0; class AbstractCommand { public: virtual int execute(int value)=0; virtual int undo()=0; virtual int redo()=0; }; class Adder { public: int add(int value) { num+=value; return num; } }; class AddCommand :public AbstractCommand { private: Adder *adder; stack<int> unStack; stack<int> reStack; public: int undo() { //adder= new Adder(); int i=0; if (unStack.empty()) { i=-1; }else{ int pop = unStack.top(); reStack.push(pop); unStack.pop(); if(!unStack.empty()){//判断弹出数据后是否为空,如果为空,说明已撤回到最原始状态 i=unStack.top(); } } return i; } int redo() { //adder= new Adder(); int i=0; if (reStack.empty()) { i=-1; }else{//撤回时只要可以可以撤回,则返回栈一定有数据 // reStack.pop(); int pop = reStack.top(); reStack.pop(); unStack.push(pop); i=pop; } return i; } int execute(int value) { int v = 0; if (unStack.empty()) {// 说明还没有数据 v = adder->add(value); unStack.push(v); } else {// 需要更新两个栈中的内容,并计算结果,其中返回栈应该更新,重复栈应该清空 v = adder->add(value); unStack.push(v); if (!reStack.empty()) { for (int i = 0; i < reStack.size(); i++) { // reStack.top(); //reStack.pop(); } } } return v; } }; class CalculatorForm { private: AbstractCommand *command; public: void setCommand(AbstractCommand *command) { this->command =command; } void compute(int value) { command->execute(value); } void undo() { int i = command->undo(); if(i==-1){ cout<<"缓存中已不存在数据"<<endl; }else{ cout<<"执行成功,运算结果是:"<<i<<endl; } } void redo() { int i = command->redo(); if(i==-1){ cout<<"已恢复至最新数据"<<endl; } else{ cout<<"执行成功,运算结果是:"<<i<<endl; } } }; int main(){ CalculatorForm *form = new CalculatorForm(); AddCommand *command = new AddCommand(); form->setCommand(command); //计算 cout<<"------计算过程------"<<endl; form->compute(1); form->compute(2); form->compute(3); form->compute(4); //多次撤回 cout<<"------撤回过程------"<<endl; form->undo(); form->undo(); form->undo(); form->undo(); form->undo(); //多次恢复 cout<<"------恢复过程------"<<endl; form->redo(); form->redo(); form->redo(); form->redo(); form->redo(); return 0; }
运行截图: