Keeping Your App Responsive

阅读：http://developer.android.com/training/articles/perf-anr.htm

 

总的来说，要避免程序停止响应，就是不要再UI线程里进行工作，如果有需要长时间操作的，例如IO请求，数据库操作，下载等等，应该放在work threak.

避免APP无响应的方法，最简便的就是使用AsyncTask。

The most effecive way to create a worker thread for longer operations is with the AsyncTask class. Simply extend AsyncTask and implement the doInBackground() method to perform the work. To post progress changes to the user, you can call publishProgress(), which invokes the onProgressUpdate() callback method. From your implementation of onProgressUpdate() (which runs on the UI thread), you can notify the user.

private class DownloadFilesTask extends AsyncTask<URL, Integer, Long> {
    // Do the long-running work in here
    protected Long doInBackground(URL... urls) {
        int count = urls.length;
        long totalSize = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
            totalSize += Downloader.downloadFile(urls[i]);
            publishProgress((int) ((i / (float) count) * 100));
            // Escape early if cancel() is called
            if (isCancelled()) break;
        }
        return totalSize;
    }

    // This is called each time you call publishProgress()
    protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... progress) {
        setProgressPercent(progress[0]);
    }

    // This is called when doInBackground() is finished
    protected void onPostExecute(Long result) {
        showNotification("Downloaded " + result + " bytes");
    }
}

在onProgressUpdate可以获取当前进度。

 

当然，你也可以使用Thread。

Although it's more complicated than AsyncTask, you might want to instead create your own Thread or HandlerThread class. If you do, you should set the thread priority to "background" priority by calling Process.setThreadPriority() and passing THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND. If you don't set the thread to a lower priority this way, then the thread could still slow down your app because it operates at the same priority as the UI thread by default.

If you implement Thread or HandlerThread, be sure that your UI thread does not block while waiting for the worker thread to complete—do not call Thread.wait() or Thread.sleep(). Instead of blocking while waiting for a worker thread to complete, your main thread should provide a Handler for the other threads to post back to upon completion. Designing your application in this way will allow your app's UI thread to remain responsive to input and thus avoid ANR dialogs caused by the 5 second input event timeout.

The specific constraint on BroadcastReceiver execution time emphasizes what broadcast receivers are meant to do: small, discrete amounts of work in the background such as saving a setting or registering a Notification. So as with other methods called in the UI thread, applications should avoid potentially long-running operations or calculations in a broadcast receiver. But instead of doing intensive tasks via worker threads, your application should start an IntentService if a potentially long running action needs to be taken in response to an intent broadcast.

　　如果你需要这么做，请记得修改Thread的优先级别，以及提供一个Handler使得UI线程与work thread能够进行信息交互，因为所有空间的操作都必须在UI线程里。