【第五章】接口关联 正则表达式-jsonpath模块
这一章节说到的是正则表达式模块跟jsonpthon模块 以及接口参数化的操作
代码地址:https://gitee.com/todayisgoodday/PythonRequest
简单介绍一下正则表达式跟jsonpath模块
re模块是python独有的匹配字符串的模块，该模块中提供的很多功能是基于正则表达式实现的，而正则表达式是对字符串进行模糊匹配，提取自己需要的字符串部分，他对所有的语言都通用。注意：
- re模块是python独有的
- 正则表达式所有编程语言都可以使用
- re模块、正则表达式是对字符串进行操作
- json_path_demo_06.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # @Time : 2021/12/9 15:41 # @Author : Limusen # @File : json_path_demo_06 import re import jsonpath """ jsonpath 第三方模块 下载方式 pip install jsonpath """ print("========================json_path=========================") json_data = {"name": "哈利波特", "age": 22, "books": [{"bn": "假如给我三天光明", "p": 32.3}, {"bn": "朝花夕拾", "p": 33.3}]} # jsonpath返回的是列表 需要用下标取值 # $ 表示根节点， .表示字典的key []表示列表的下标 value1 = jsonpath.jsonpath(json_data, "$.age")[0] print(value1) value2 = jsonpath.jsonpath(json_data, "$.books[1].bn")[0] print(value2) value3 = jsonpath.jsonpath(json_data, "$.books[1].p")[0] print(value3) print("========================json_path=========================") print("========================re=========================") """ re模块可以参考: https://www.cnblogs.com/shenjianping/p/11647473.html """ # 正则表达式 str_01 = "helloword669582" str_01 = re.findall("hell(.+?)69582", str_01)[0] print(str_01) str1 = "hello123kkkas567" value4 = re.findall("o(\d+)k", str1)[0] print(value4) print("========================re=========================")
- 通过字符串的replace方法分割正则提取器的值
- replace_demo_07.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # @Time : 2021/12/9 15:58 # @Author : Limusen # @File : replace_demo_07 """ 配合re模块进行参数替换 """ import re dict_01 = {"token": "88669952sss"} str1 = '{"access_token":"${token}"}' # 找出我们需要替换的值 variables_list = re.findall("\\${.+?}", str1) print(variables_list) # 取variables_list列表的第一个值,然后通过 从${ 展位为2 }为-1 分割字段进行替换 \\${.+?} str1 = str1.replace(variables_list[0], dict_01[variables_list[0][2:-1]]) print(str1)
- 在excel里面我们已经定义好的取值方式 可以根据 正则 jsonpath 或者没有
- 优化request_utils模块底层方法 get 跟post
- 单独拿一个接口出来封装,以免导致之前的代码也不能运行
- request_demo_08.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # @Time : 2021/12/9 16:17 # @Author : Limusen # @File : request_demo_08 import re import json import jsonpath import requests from common.config_utils import local_config class RequestsUtils: def __init__(self): # 封装好的配置文件直接拿来用 self.hosts = local_config.get_hosts # 全局session调用 self.session = requests.session() # 临时变量存储正则或者jsonpath取到的值 self.temp_variables = {} def get(self, request_info): """ get请求封装 :param request_info: :return: """ # request_info 是我们封装好的数据，可以直接拿来用 url = "https://%s%s" % (self.hosts, request_info["请求地址"]) response = self.session.get(url=url, params=json.loads( requests_info['请求参数(get)'] if requests_info['请求参数(get)'] else None), # 头部信息有时候可能为空,这里运用到三元运算符如果为空则设置为None headers=json.loads(request_info["请求头部信息"]) if request_info["请求头部信息"] else None ) if request_info["取值方式"] == "正则取值": value = re.findall(request_info['取值代码'], response.text)[0] self.temp_variables[request_info["取值变量"]] = value elif request_info["取值方式"] == "jsonpath取值": value = jsonpath.jsonpath(response.json(), request_info["取值代码"])[0] self.temp_variables[request_info["取值变量"]] = value print(self.temp_variables) # result = { # "code": 0, # "response_code": response.status_code, # "response_reason": response.reason, # "response_headers": response.headers, # "response_body": response.text # } # return result if __name__ == '__main__': requests_info = {'测试用例编号': 'api_case_03', '测试用例名称': '删除标签接口测试', '用例执行': '是', '用例步骤': 'step_01', '接口名称': '获取access_token接口', '请求方式': 'get', '请求头部信息': '', '请求地址': '/cgi-bin/token', '请求参数(get)': '{"grant_type":"client_credential","appid":"wxb637f8f0d","secret":"501123d2dd0f084"}', '请求参数(post)': '', '取值方式': 'jsonpath取值', '取值代码': '$.access_token', '取值变量': 'token', '断言类型': 'json_key', '期望结果': 'access_token,expires_in'} res = RequestsUtils() res.get(requests_info) # print(res.get(requests_info))
- 咱们要雨露均沾 post方法也封装一下
def __post(self, request_info): """ post请求封装 :param request_info: :return: """ url = "https://%s%s" % (self.hosts, request_info["请求地址"]) response = self.session.post(url=url, params=json.loads(request_info['请求参数(get)']), # params=json.loads( # requests_info['请求参数(get)'] if requests_info['请求参数(get)'] else None), headers=json.loads(request_info["请求头部信息"]) if request_info["请求头部信息"] else None, json=json.loads(request_info["请求参数(post)"]) ) if request_info["取值方式"] == "正则取值": value = re.findall(request_info["取值代码"], response.text)[0] self.temp_variables[request_info["取值变量"]] = value elif request_info["取值方式"] == "jsonpath取值": value = jsonpath.jsonpath(response.json(), request_info["取值代码"])[0] self.temp_variables[request_info["取值变量"]] = value result = { "code": 0, "response_code": response.status_code, "response_reason": response.reason, "response_headers": response.headers, "response_body": response.text } return result
- 接下来封装请求参数的参数化信息
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # @Time : 2021/12/9 16:17 # @Author : Limusen # @File : request_demo_08 import re import json import jsonpath import requests from common.config_utils import local_config class RequestsUtils: def __init__(self): # 封装好的配置文件直接拿来用 self.hosts = local_config.get_hosts # 全局session调用 self.session = requests.session() # 临时变量存储正则或者jsonpath取到的值 self.temp_variables = {} def __get(self, request_info): """ get请求封装 :param request_info: :return: """ # request_info 是我们封装好的数据，可以直接拿来用 url = "https://%s%s" % (self.hosts, request_info["请求地址"]) variables_list = re.findall('\\${.+?}', request_info["请求参数(get)"]) for variable in variables_list: request_info["请求参数(get)"] = request_info["请求参数(get)"].replace(variable, self.temp_variables[variable[2:-1]]) response = self.session.get(url=url, params=json.loads(request_info["请求参数(get)"]), # params=json.loads( # requests_info['请求参数(get)'] if requests_info['请求参数(get)'] else None), headers=json.loads(request_info["请求头部信息"]) if request_info["请求头部信息"] else None ) if request_info["取值方式"] == "正则取值": value = re.findall(request_info["取值代码"], response.text)[0] self.temp_variables[request_info["取值变量"]] = value elif request_info["取值方式"] == "jsonpath取值": value = jsonpath.jsonpath(response.json(), request_info["取值代码"])[0] self.temp_variables[request_info["取值变量"]] = value result = { "code": 0, "response_code": response.status_code, "response_reason": response.reason, "response_headers": response.headers, "response_body": response.text } return result def __post(self, request_info): """ post请求封装 :param request_info: :return: """ url = "https://%s%s" % (self.hosts, request_info["请求地址"]) variables_list = re.findall('\\${.+?}', request_info["请求参数(get)"]) for variable in variables_list: request_info["请求参数(get)"] = request_info["请求参数(get)"].replace(variable, self.temp_variables[variable[2:-1]]) variables_list = re.findall('\\${.+?}', request_info["请求参数(post)"]) for variable in variables_list: request_info["请求参数(post)"] = request_info["请求参数(post)"].replace(variable, self.temp_variables[variable[2:-1]]) response = self.session.post(url=url, params=json.loads(request_info['请求参数(get)']), # params=json.loads( # requests_info['请求参数(get)'] if requests_info['请求参数(get)'] else None), headers=json.loads(request_info["请求头部信息"]) if request_info["请求头部信息"] else None, json=json.loads(request_info["请求参数(post)"]) ) if request_info["取值方式"] == "正则取值": value = re.findall(request_info["取值代码"], response.text)[0] self.temp_variables[request_info["取值变量"]] = value elif request_info["取值方式"] == "jsonpath取值": value = jsonpath.jsonpath(response.json(), request_info["取值代码"])[0] self.temp_variables[request_info["取值变量"]] = value result = { "code": 0, "response_code": response.status_code, "response_reason": response.reason, "response_headers": response.headers, "response_body": response.text } return result def request(self, request_info): """ 封装方法自动执行post或者get方法 :param request_info: :return: """ request_type = request_info['请求方式'] if request_type == "get": # 私有化方法,其他类均不可调用 result = self.__get(request_info) elif request_type == "post": result = self.__post(request_info) else: result = {"code": 1, "error_message": "当前请求方式暂不支持!"} return result def request_steps(self, request_steps): """ 按照列表测试用例顺序执行测试用例 :param request_steps: :return: """ for request in request_steps: result = self.request(request) if result['code'] != 0: break return result if __name__ == '__main__': requests_info = [ {'测试用例编号': 'api_case_03', '测试用例名称': '删除标签接口测试', '用例执行': '是', '用例步骤': 'step_01', '接口名称': '获取access_token接口', '请求方式': 'get', '请求头部信息': '', '请求地址': '/cgi-bin/token', '请求参数(get)': '{"grant_type":"client_credential","appid":"wxb637f897f0bf1f0d","secret":"501123d2d367b109a5cb9a9011d0f084"}', '请求参数(post)': '', '取值方式': 'jsonpath取值', '取值代码': '$.access_token', '取值变量': 'token_value', '断言类型': 'json_key', '期望结果': 'access_token,expires_in'}, {'测试用例编号': 'api_case_03', '测试用例名称': '删除标签接口测试', '用例执行': '是', '用例步骤': 'step_02', '接口名称': '创建标签接口', '请求方式': 'post', '请求头部信息': '', '请求地址': '/cgi-bin/tags/create', '请求参数(get)': '{"access_token":"${token_value}"}', '请求参数(post)': '{ "tag" : { "name" : "asssqwe" } } ', '取值方式': '无', '取值代码': '"id":(.+?),', '取值变量': 'tag_id', '断言类型': 'none', '期望结果': ''} ] res = RequestsUtils() print(res.request_steps(requests_info))
- 运行通过后放入 request_utils.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # @Time : 2021/12/9 14:37 # @Author : Limusen # @File : request_utils import re import json import jsonpath import requests from common.config_utils import local_config class RequestsUtils: def __init__(self): # 封装好的配置文件直接拿来用 self.hosts = local_config.get_hosts # 全局session调用 self.session = requests.session() self.temp_variables = {} def __get(self, request_info): """ get请求封装 :param request_info: :return: """ # request_info 是我们封装好的数据，可以直接拿来用 url = "https://%s%s" % (self.hosts, request_info["请求地址"]) variables_list = re.findall('\\${.+?}', request_info["请求参数(get)"]) for variable in variables_list: request_info["请求参数(get)"] = request_info["请求参数(get)"].replace(variable, self.temp_variables[variable[2:-1]]) response = self.session.get(url=url, params=json.loads(request_info["请求参数(get)"]), # params=json.loads( # requests_info['请求参数(get)'] if requests_info['请求参数(get)'] else None), headers=json.loads(request_info["请求头部信息"]) if request_info["请求头部信息"] else None ) if request_info["取值方式"] == "正则取值": value = re.findall(request_info["取值代码"], response.text)[0] self.temp_variables[request_info["取值变量"]] = value elif request_info["取值方式"] == "jsonpath取值": value = jsonpath.jsonpath(response.json(), request_info["取值代码"])[0] self.temp_variables[request_info["取值变量"]] = value result = { "code": 0, "response_code": response.status_code, "response_reason": response.reason, "response_headers": response.headers, "response_body": response.text } return result def __post(self, request_info): """ post请求封装 :param request_info: :return: """ url = "https://%s%s" % (self.hosts, request_info["请求地址"]) variables_list = re.findall('\\${.+?}', request_info["请求参数(get)"]) for variable in variables_list: request_info["请求参数(get)"] = request_info["请求参数(get)"].replace(variable, self.temp_variables[variable[2:-1]]) variables_list = re.findall('\\${.+?}', request_info["请求参数(post)"]) for variable in variables_list: request_info["请求参数(post)"] = request_info["请求参数(post)"].replace(variable, self.temp_variables[variable[2:-1]]) response = self.session.post(url=url, params=json.loads(request_info['请求参数(get)']), # params=json.loads( # requests_info['请求参数(get)'] if requests_info['请求参数(get)'] else None), headers=json.loads(request_info["请求头部信息"]) if request_info["请求头部信息"] else None, json=json.loads(request_info["请求参数(post)"]) ) if request_info["取值方式"] == "正则取值": value = re.findall(request_info["取值代码"], response.text)[0] self.temp_variables[request_info["取值变量"]] = value elif request_info["取值方式"] == "jsonpath取值": value = jsonpath.jsonpath(response.json(), request_info["取值代码"])[0] self.temp_variables[request_info["取值变量"]] = value result = { "code": 0, "response_code": response.status_code, "response_reason": response.reason, "response_headers": response.headers, "response_body": response.text } return result def request(self, request_info): """ 封装方法自动执行post或者get方法 :param request_info: :return: """ request_type = request_info['请求方式'] if request_type == "get": # 私有化方法,其他类均不可调用 result = self.__get(request_info) elif request_type == "post": result = self.__post(request_info) else: result = {"code": 1, "error_message": "当前请求方式暂不支持!"} return result def request_steps(self, request_steps): """ 按照列表测试用例顺序执行测试用例 :param request_steps: :return: """ for request in request_steps: result = self.request(request) if result['code'] != 0: break return result if __name__ == '__main__': requests_info = {'测试用例编号': 'api_case_03', '测试用例名称': '删除标签接口测试', '用例执行': '是', '用例步骤': 'step_01', '接口名称': '获取access_token接口', '请求方式': 'get', '请求头部信息': '', '请求地址': '/cgi-bin/token', '请求参数(get)': '{"grant_type":"client_credential","appid":"wxb637f897f0bf1f0d","secret":"501123d2d367b109a5cb9a9011d0f084"}', '请求参数(post)': '', '取值方式': 'jsonpath取值', '取值代码': '$.access_token', '取值变量': 'token', '断言类型': 'json_key', '期望结果': 'access_token,expires_in'} requests_info_post = {'测试用例编号': 'api_case_03', '测试用例名称': '删除标签接口测试', '用例执行': '是', '用例步骤': 'step_02', '接口名称': '创建标签接口', '请求方式': 'post', '请求头部信息': '', '请求地址': '/cgi-bin/tags/create', '请求参数(get)': '{"access_token":"51_136b9lRBH4SdLbSYI9C_1Sf1OogELivPJPNZ5z1mTzekmp3Yg4XQn8mx-sb3WxxV99NRWAX5CQhVIF6-uY12H_nRDjmEJ7H7oEbz9-qNHWV1g04V2t-29pslCsiuaSxIrkUChv4a2rPwdhnEEMHeADAMUP"}', '请求参数(post)': '{ "tag" : { "name" : "snsnssn" } } ', '取值方式': '正则取值', '取值代码': '"id":(.+?),', '取值变量': 'tag_id', '断言类型': 'none', '期望结果': ''} requests_info_list = [ {'测试用例编号': 'api_case_03', '测试用例名称': '删除标签接口测试', '用例执行': '是', '用例步骤': 'step_01', '接口名称': '获取access_token接口', '请求方式': 'get', '请求头部信息': '', '请求地址': '/cgi-bin/token', '请求参数(get)': '{"grant_type":"client_credential","appid":"wxb63f0bf1f0d","secret":"501123d29a9011d0f084"}', '请求参数(post)': '', '取值方式': 'jsonpath取值', '取值代码': '$.access_token', '取值变量': 'token_value', '断言类型': 'json_key', '期望结果': 'access_token,expires_in'}, {'测试用例编号': 'api_case_03', '测试用例名称': '删除标签接口测试', '用例执行': '是', '用例步骤': 'step_02', '接口名称': '创建标签接口', '请求方式': 'post', '请求头部信息': '', '请求地址': '/cgi-bin/tags/create', '请求参数(get)': '{"access_token":"${token_value}"}', '请求参数(post)': '{ "tag" : { "name" : "newtest" } } ', '取值方式': '无', '取值代码': '"id":(.+?),', '取值变量': 'tag_id', '断言类型': 'none', '期望结果': ''} ] res = RequestsUtils() # res.get(requests_info) # res.post(requests_info_post) # print(res.request(requests_info_post)) print(res.request_steps(requests_info_list))
- 现在我们request模块的正则也封装好了,下一章节我们将讲述一下封装断言库
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