Armbian设置
Armbian设置
换源
Debian源
备份
mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
修改nano /etc/apt/sources.list
文件内容为
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度,如有需要可自行取消注释 清华源
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-backports main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-backports main contrib non-free
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free
# # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free
deb https://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free
armbian源
编辑 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/armbian.list
,将 http://apt.armbian.com
替换为
sudo sed -i 's#http://apt.armbian.com#https://mirrors.cernet.edu.cn/armbian#g' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/armbian.list
执行apt update
安装软件
执行armbian-software
--------------------------------------------------------------
ID NAME STATE MANAGE
--------------------------------------------------------------
101 Docker not-installed install
102 Portainer not-installed install
103 Yacht not-installed install
104 Transmission not-installed install
105 qBittorrent not-installed install
106 NextCloud not-installed install
107 Jellyfin not-installed install
108 HomeAssistant not-installed install
109 Kodbox not-installed install
110 CouchPotato not-installed install
111 Sonarr not-installed install
112 Radarr not-installed install
113 Syncthing not-installed install
114 FileBrowser not-installed install
115 Heimdall not-installed install
116 Node-RED not-installed install
117 Mosquitto not-installed install
118 OpenWrt not-installed install
119 Netdata not-installed install
120 XunLei not-installed install
121 Docker-Headless not-installed install
122 Navidrome not-installed install
123 Alist not-installed install
124 QingLong not-installed install
125 Chatgpt-Web not-installed install
--------------------------------------------------------------
ID NAME STATE MANAGE
--------------------------------------------------------------
201 Desktop not-installed install
202 Firefox not-installed install
203 VLC not-installed install
204 MPV not-installed install
205 GIMP not-installed install
206 Krita not-installed install
207 LibreOffice not-installed install
208 Shotcut not-installed install
209 Kdenlive not-installed install
210 Thunderbird not-installed install
211 Evolution not-installed install
212 Gwenview not-installed install
213 Eog not-installed install
214 VisualStudioCode not-installed install
215 Gedit not-installed install
216 Flameshot not-installed install
--------------------------------------------------------------
ID NAME STATE MANAGE
--------------------------------------------------------------
301 Frps not-installed install
302 Frpc not-installed install
303 NPS not-installed install
304 NPC not-installed install
305 Plex not-installed install
306 Emby-Server not-installed install
307 KVM not-installed install
308 PVE not-installed install
--------------------------------------------------------------
输入对应的ID就可以自动安装,我只安装了Docker。功能方便但是还是根据自己的需求进行个性化安装更符合个人的需要。
SSH一段时候后无法连接
出现提示问题:Server unexpectedly closed network connection
网上提出的解决办法:
- 关闭防火墙(不可取)
- 配置sshd_config配置文件,配置
UseDNS=no
- 查看/etc/hosts.deny中的内容,删除掉自己的IP(文件无内容)
- 其他防火墙导致
日志排查:
ssh登录日志:
一般ssh登录日志为/var/log/secure,但我的系统没有这个文件
如果您在Linux系统上使用的是不同的日志系统,可能会导致/var/log/secure文件不存在。在这种情况下,您可以尝试以下步骤来查看SSH登录日志:
检查系统上的日志文件位置,使用以下命令查找日志文件:
grep -iR "ssh" /var/log/
如果您找到了与SSH登录相关的日志文件,请使用以下命令查看最近的SSH登录尝试:
tail -f /path/to/log/file
请将/path/to/log/file替换为您找到的日志文件的路径。
如果您找不到任何与SSH登录相关的日志文件,请检查您的系统配置,以确保日志记录已启用并正确配置。
请注意,根据您使用的Linux发行版和版本,日志文件的位置和名称可能会有所不同。
日志中大量出现
May 14 00:35:01 armbian CRON[900117]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root
May 14 00:45:01 armbian CRON[900237]: pam_unix(cron:session): session opened for user root(uid=0) by (uid=0)
May 14 00:45:01 armbian CRON[900236]: pam_unix(cron:session): session opened for user root(uid=0) by (uid=0)
May 14 00:45:01 armbian CRON[900237]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root
May 14 00:45:01 armbian CRON[900236]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root
May 14 00:55:01 armbian CRON[900370]: pam_unix(cron:session): session opened for user root(uid=0) by (uid=0)
May 14 00:55:01 armbian CRON[900370]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root
May 14 01:00:01 armbian CRON[900389]: pam_unix(cron:session): session opened for user root(uid=0) by (uid=0)
May 14 01:00:01 armbian CRON[900389]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root
May 14 01:05:01 armbian CRON[900543]: pam_unix(cron:session): session opened for user root(uid=0) by (uid=0)
May 14 01:05:01 armbian CRON[900543]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root
May 14 01:15:01 armbian CRON[900671]: pam_unix(cron:session): session opened for user root(uid=0) by (uid=0)
May 14 01:15:01 armbian CRON[900672]: pam_unix(cron:session): session opened for user root(uid=0) by (uid=0)
May 14 01:15:01 armbian CRON[900672]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root
May 14 01:15:01 armbian CRON[900671]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root
May 14 01:17:01 armbian CRON[900684]: pam_unix(cron:session): session opened for user root(uid=0) by (uid=0)
May 14 01:17:01 armbian CRON[900684]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root
May 14 01:25:01 armbian CRON[900790]: pam_unix(cron:session): session opened for user root(uid=0) by (uid=0)
May 14 01:25:01 armbian CRON[900790]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root
May 14 01:30:01 armbian CRON[900875]: pam_unix(cron:session): session opened for user root(uid=0) by (uid=0)
May 14 01:30:01 armbian CRON[900875]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root
May 14 01:35:01 armbian CRON[900932]: pam_unix(cron:session): session opened for user root(uid=0) by (uid=0)
这个日志是指定时任务(cron)在执行时打开了一个会话(session),并且是由root用户执行的。这通常是正常的,因为cron通常需要以root用户的身份运行一些系统级别的任务。
查看cron日志
在Linux系统中,cron的日志记录通常存储在/var/log/syslog中。您可以使用以下命令查看cron的日志:
sudo grep CRON /var/log/syslog
这将显示所有与cron相关的日志记录。如果您只想查看特定用户的cron日志,请使用以下命令:
sudo grep "username" /var/log/syslog | grep CRON
其中,"username"是要查看其cron日志的用户的用户名。
请注意,某些Linux系统可能使用不同的日志文件来记录cron活动。在这种情况下,您可以查看系统文档或尝试在以下目录中查找cron日志:
/var/log/cron.log
/var/log/messages
/var/log/cron
/var/log/syslog.1
日志中内容为:
May 14 17:05:01 armbian CRON[921106]: (root) CMD (command -v debian-sa1 > /dev/null && debian-sa1 1 1)
May 14 17:15:01 armbian CRON[921385]: (root) CMD (command -v debian-sa1 > /dev/null && debian-sa1 1 1)
May 14 17:15:01 armbian CRON[921384]: (root) CMD (/usr/lib/armbian/armbian-truncate-logs)
May 14 17:17:01 armbian CRON[921395]: (root) CMD ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly)
May 14 17:25:02 armbian CRON[921551]: (root) CMD (command -v debian-sa1 > /dev/null && debian-sa1 1 1)
May 14 17:30:01 armbian CRON[921654]: (root) CMD (/usr/lib/armbian/armbian-truncate-logs)
May 14 17:35:01 armbian CRON[921732]: (root) CMD (command -v debian-sa1 > /dev/null && debian-sa1 1 1)
May 14 17:45:01 armbian CRON[921778]: (root) CMD (command -v debian-sa1 > /dev/null && debian-sa1 1 1)
May 14 17:45:01 armbian CRON[921777]: (root) CMD (/usr/lib/armbian/armbian-truncate-logs)
May 14 17:55:01 armbian CRON[921960]: (root) CMD (command -v debian-sa1 > /dev/null && debian-sa1 1 1)
May 14 18:00:01 armbian CRON[921979]: (root) CMD (/usr/lib/armbian/armbian-truncate-logs)
May 14 18:05:01 armbian CRON[922069]: (root) CMD (command -v debian-sa1 > /dev/null && debian-sa1 1 1)
May 14 18:15:01 armbian CRON[922599]: (root) CMD (command -v debian-sa1 > /dev/null && debian-sa1 1 1)
May 14 18:15:01 armbian CRON[922600]: (root) CMD (/usr/lib/armbian/armbian-truncate-logs)
这个日志是指cron在每分钟的第35秒执行了一个名为"debian-sa1"的命令。这个命令通常用于生成系统性能统计信息,并将其存储在/var/log/sa目录中。该命令的输出被重定向到/dev/null,这意味着它不会在终端上显示任何输出。
这个命令通常由系统管理员设置为每天运行一次,以便生成系统性能统计信息。如果您看到这个命令在cron日志中频繁出现,可能是因为它被设置为每分钟运行一次,这可能会导致日志文件变得非常大。
一般情况是通过以下命令配置cron配置文件
crontab -e
但是我文件中没有内容
您可以使用以下命令查找所有的cron任务:
sudo crontab -u username -l
其中,"username"是要查找其cron任务的用户的用户名。如果要查找系统级别的cron任务,请查看以下文件:
/etc/crontab
/etc/cron.d/*
/etc/cron.hourly/*
/etc/cron.daily/*
/etc/cron.weekly/*
/etc/cron.monthly/*
如果在这些文件中找到了"debian-sa1"命令的条目,请根据需要进行修改或删除。
另外,如果您发现cron日志中出现了大量的"debian-sa1"命令执行记录,可以考虑禁用系统性能统计信息的收集。您可以使用以下命令来禁用它:
sudo sed -i 's/ENABLED="true"/ENABLED="false"/' /etc/default/sysstat
这将在/etc/default/sysstat文件中将ENABLED选项的值从"true"改为"false",以禁用系统性能统计信息的收集。
定时重启ssh
/etc/init.d/ssh restart 2>/dev/null