Elasticsearch操作API

索引

创建索引

PUT /my_index
{
    "settings": { ... any settings ... },
    "mappings": {
        "type_one": { ... any mappings ... },
        "type_two": { ... any mappings ... },
        ...
    }
}

删除索引

DELETE /my_index

索引的别名

设置索引

PUT /my_index_v1/_alias/my_index    设置别名my_index指向my_index_v1

检测这个别名指向哪一个索引
```
GET /*/_alias/my_index
```
哪些别名指向这个索引
```
GET /my_index_v1/_alias/*
```

添加和移除别名

POST /_aliases
{
    "actions": [
        { "remove": { "index": "my_index_v1", "alias": "my_index" }},
        { "add":    { "index": "my_index_v2", "alias": "my_index" }}
    ]
}

获取索引
```
GET /_cat/indices?v
```

映射

创建类型映射

PUT /my_index/_mapping/newtype

{
"properties": {
				"commodity_id": {
					"type": "long"
				},
				"commodity_name": {
					"type": "text"
				},
				"picture_url": {
					"type": "keyword"
				},
				"price": {
					"type": "double"
				}
			}

}

查看类型mapping

GET localhost:9200/my_index/_mapping/newtype
{
    "my_index": {
        "mappings": {
            "newtype": {
                "properties": {
                    "commodity_id": {
                        "type": "long"
                    },
                    "commodity_name": {
                        "type": "text"
                    },
                    "picture_url": {
                        "type": "keyword"
                    },
                    "price": {
                        "type": "double"
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

同时创建索引类型mapping

{
    "settings": {
        "index": {
            "number_of_shards": 1,
            "number_of_replicas": 0
        }
    },
    "mappings": {
        "type_one": {
            "properties": {
                "text": {
                    "type": "string",
                    "analyzer": "standard"
                }
            }
        },
        "type_two": {
            "properties": {
                "text": {
                    "type": "string",
                    "analyzer": "standard"
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

父子文档

创建

1. 创建索引

假设我们有一个博客系统，每篇博客下有若干条评论，那么博客 blog 与评论 comment 就构成了一个父子关系。

父子文档的创建方为：

指定字段类型为 join
通过 relations 指定父子关系

示例如下：

# blog 为父文档，comment 为子文档
PUT blog_index
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "blog_comment_join": {
        "type": "join",
        "relations": {
          "blog": "comment"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

2. 插入父文档

PUT blog_index/_doc/1
{
  "title": "First Blog",
  "author": "Ahri",
  "content": "This is my first blog",
  "blog_comment_join": {
    "name": "blog"
  }
}


PUT blog_index/_doc/2
{
  "title": "Second Blog",
  "author": "EZ",
  "content": "This is my second blog",
  "blog_comment_join": "blog"
}

3. 插入子文档

插入子文档时需要注意一点：

routing 设置：子文档必须要与父文档存储在同一分片上，因此子文档的 routing 应该设置为父文档 ID 或者与父文档保持一致

示例代码如下：

PUT blog_index/_doc/comment-1?routing=1&refresh
{
  "user": "Tom",
  "content": "Good blog",
  "comment_date": "2020-01-01 10:00:00",
  "blog_comment_join": {
    "name": "comment",
    "parent": 1
  }
}

PUT blog_index/_doc/comment-2?routing=1&refresh
{
  "user": "Jhon",
  "content": "Good Job",
  "comment_date": "2020-02-01 10:00:00",
  "blog_comment_join": {
    "name": "comment",
    "parent": 1
  }
}

PUT blog_index/_doc/comment-3?routing=2&refresh
{
  "user": "Jack",
  "content": "Great job",
  "comment_date": "2020-01-01 10:00:00",
  "blog_comment_join": {
    "name": "comment",
    "parent": 2
  }
}

4. 其他

除了上面常见的父子文档类型，ES Join 还支持 多子文档 和 多级父子文档 的设置。如下：

构建多个子文档

Join 类型一个父文档可以配置多个子文档，创建方式如下：

PUT my_index
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "my_join_field": {
        "type": "join",
        "relations": {
          "question": ["answer", "comment"]  
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

构建多级父子关系

PUT my_index
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "my_join_field": {
        "type": "join",
        "relations": {
          "question": ["answer", "comment"],  
          "answer": "vote" 
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

上面创建的父子文档层级如下图所示：

父子文档的查询

基于父子文档的查询主要有三种：

parent_id：基于父文档 ID 查询所有的子文档
has_parent：查询符合条件的父文档的所有子文档
has_child：查询符合条件的子文档的所有父文档

下面是具体查询示例：

1. parent_id 查询

# 查询 ID 为 1 父文档的所有子文档
GET blog_index_parent_child/_search
{
  "query": {
    "parent_id": {
      "type": "comment",
      "id": 1
    }
  }
}

# 结果返回
{
  "took" : 1,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "successful" : 1,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 2,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : 0.44183275,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "blog_index",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "comment-1",
        "_score" : 0.44183275,
        "_routing" : "1",
        "_source" : {
          "user" : "Tom",
          "content" : "Good blog",
          "comment_date" : "2020-01-01 10:00:00",
          "blog_comment_join" : {
            "name" : "comment",
            "parent" : 1
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "blog_index",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "comment-2",
        "_score" : 0.44183275,
        "_routing" : "1",
        "_source" : {
          "user" : "Jhon",
          "content" : "Good Job",
          "comment_date" : "2020-02-01 10:00:00",
          "blog_comment_join" : {
            "name" : "comment",
            "parent" : 1
          }
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

2. has_parent 查询

# 查询 title 包含 first 的父文档的所有子文档
GET blog_index/_search
{
  "query": {
    "has_parent": {
      "parent_type": "blog",
      "query": {
        "match": {
          "title": "first"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
# 结果返回
{
  "took" : 1,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "successful" : 1,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 2,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : 1.0,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "blog_index",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "comment-1",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_routing" : "1",
        "_source" : {
          "user" : "Tom",
          "content" : "Good blog",
          "comment_date" : "2020-01-01 10:00:00",
          "blog_comment_join" : {
            "name" : "comment",
            "parent" : 1
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "blog_index",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "comment-2",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_routing" : "1",
        "_source" : {
          "user" : "Jhon",
          "content" : "Good Job",
          "comment_date" : "2020-02-01 10:00:00",
          "blog_comment_join" : {
            "name" : "comment",
            "parent" : 1
          }
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

3. has_child 查询

# 查询 user 包含 Jack 的所有子文档的父文档
GET blog_index/_search
{
  "query": {
    "has_child": {
      "type": "comment",
      "query": {
        "match": {
          "user": "Jack"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
# 结果返回
{
  "took" : 1,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "successful" : 1,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 1,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : 1.0,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "blog_index",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "2",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "title" : "Second Blog",
          "author" : "EZ",
          "content" : "This is my second blog",
          "blog_comment_join" : "blog"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

模板搜索

创建模板

POST _scripts/content_template
{
    "script": {
        "lang": "mustache",
        "source": {
            "query": {
                "match": {
                    "content": "{{content}}"
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

查看创建的模板
```
GET _scripts/content_template
```
删除模板
```
DELETE _scripts/<templateid>
```

使用模板

POST /blog_index/_search/template
{
    "id": "content_template", 
    "params": {
        "content": "job"
    }
}

验证模板

POST _render/template/content_template
{
    "params": {
        "content": "job"
    }
}

这个时候返回的是此模板在当前参数下生成的结果

{
    "template_output": {
        "query": {
            "match": {
                "content": "job"
            }
        }
    }
}

posted @ 2021-02-26 16:49 云子墨阅读(49) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

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