lucene全文检索
1、Lucene的核心jar包
lucene-core-5.2.1.jar
lucene-analyzers-common-5.2.1.jar
lucene-queryparser-5.2.1.jar
2、主要开发包说明
org.apache.lucene.analysis:语言分析器,主要用于分词
org.apache.lucene.document:索引文档的管理
org.apache.lucene.index:索引管理,如增、删、改
org.apache.lucene.queryparser:查询分析
org.apache.lucene.search:检索管理
org.apache.lucene.store:数据存储管理
org.apache.lucene.util:工具包
3、写入索引操作的核心类
Directory:代表索引文档的存储位置,这是一个抽象类有FSDirectory和RAMDirectory两个主要子类。前者将索引写入文件系统,后者将索引文档写入内存。
Analyzer:建立索引时使用的分析器,主要子类有StandardAnalyzer(一个汉字一个词),还可以由第三方提供如开源社区提供一些中文分词器。
IndexWriterConfig:操作索引库的配置信息
IndexWriter:建立索引的核心类,用来操作索引(增、删、改)
Document:代表一个索引文档
Field:代表索引文档中存储的数据,新版本的Lucene进行了细化给出了多个子类:IntField、LongField、FloatField、DoubleField、TextField、StringField等。
4、写入索引
1 package cn.harmel.lucene; 2 3 import java.io.IOException; 4 import java.nio.file.Paths; 5 6 import org.apache.lucene.analysis.Analyzer; 7 import org.apache.lucene.analysis.standard.StandardAnalyzer; 8 import org.apache.lucene.document.Document; 9 import org.apache.lucene.document.Field; 10 import org.apache.lucene.document.TextField; 11 import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriter; 12 import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriterConfig; 13 import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory; 14 import org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory; 15 16 public class First { 17 18 public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { 19 Analyzer a = new StandardAnalyzer(); 20 Directory dir = FSDirectory.open(Paths.get("./index")); 21 IndexWriterConfig iwc = new IndexWriterConfig(a); 22 IndexWriter iw = new IndexWriter(dir, iwc); 23 Document doc = new Document(); 24 doc.add(new TextField("info", "this is my first lucene test", Field.Store.YES)); 25 iw.addDocument(doc); 26 iw.close(); 27 dir.close(); 28 } 29 30 }
5、查询索引操作的核心类
IndexReader:读取索引的工具类,常用子类有DirectoryReader
IndexSearch:查询索引的核心类
QueryParser:查询分析器,表示从哪里查用哪个分析器
Query:代表一次查询
TopDocs:封装了匹配情况,比如匹配多少个
ScoreDoc:匹配的数据,里面封装了索引文档的得分和索引ID
6、查询索引
package cn.harmel.lucene; import java.io.IOException; import java.nio.file.Paths; import org.apache.lucene.analysis.Analyzer; import org.apache.lucene.analysis.standard.StandardAnalyzer; import org.apache.lucene.document.Document; import org.apache.lucene.index.DirectoryReader; import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexReader; import org.apache.lucene.queryparser.classic.ParseException; import org.apache.lucene.queryparser.classic.QueryParser; import org.apache.lucene.search.IndexSearcher; import org.apache.lucene.search.Query; import org.apache.lucene.search.ScoreDoc; import org.apache.lucene.search.TopDocs; import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory; import org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory; public class Second { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ParseException { Analyzer a = new StandardAnalyzer(); Directory dir = FSDirectory.open(Paths.get("./index")); IndexReader reader = DirectoryReader.open(dir); IndexSearcher is = new IndexSearcher(reader); QueryParser parser = new QueryParser("info", a); Query query = parser.parse("lucene"); TopDocs topDocs = is.search(query, 1000); System.out.println("总共匹配多少个:" + topDocs.totalHits); ScoreDoc[] hits = topDocs.scoreDocs; // 应该与topDocs.totalHits相同 System.out.println("多少条数据:" + hits.length); for (ScoreDoc scoreDoc : hits) { System.out.println("匹配得分:" + scoreDoc.score); System.out.println("文档索引ID:" + scoreDoc.doc); Document document = is.doc(scoreDoc.doc); System.out.println(document.get("info")); } reader.close(); dir.close(); } }