我们常说的WCF里面有ABC,那么B代表的就是Binding。那首先来大致了解一下什么是Binding。
从图上可以看出,Binding为WCF运行时建立了Channel Stack,定义了消息在传输过程中比较重要的三件事:传输、编码、协议(包括安全性、可靠性等)。其中传输和编码是必须要提供的。
从我们开发者的角度来说,Binding就是一个Binding Element的集合。Binding Element就是指的protocols、encoding、transport。微软已经给我们提供了非常多的Binding Element。那么是不是Binding就是简单将各种Element放到一起就行了呢?答案是否定的,因为在Channel Stack中还要有一定的顺序:
在Stack中,由下至上的顺序是不能改变的。先加入的Element会放到最上面。其中Transport和Encoding是每个Binding所必须的。
了解了这一点接下来就简单了,为什么WCF提供了这么多的Binding呢?像什么BasicHttpBinding、NetTcpBinding、WSHttpBinding等等。原因就是往Channel Stack中放入了不同的Binding Element,所以组合出来这么多Binding。是不是有点像搭积木?
那我们要扩展Binding就比较方便了,不用什么新的东西,只需要用WCF已有的Binding Element来组合一下就可以了。WCF已经为我们想到了这一点,所以最简单的扩展Binding的方法就是在配置文件里面写一写就行了。
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使用的Binding呢是CustomBinding,这个Binding是WCF提供给用户客制化的,我们可以往里面随便添加需要用到的Binding Element。
大部分的情况像这样来扩展已经足够了,当然,如果你还觉得不够的话,自己开发一个Binding也是没有问题的。
首先需要写一个Binding的类,比如像下面这样:
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至此,我们新开发的Binding就可以正常使用了,当然这个新的Binding没有加入任何东西,至于如何用它,那就看你的应用程序的需求了。