快速排序
问题:
Input: s = 7, nums = [5,3,1,7,5,20,2,4,3,2,2,1,2,4,3] Output: [1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 7, 20] /* 例子: 3,8,7,1,2 2,8,7,1,3 2,3,7,1,8 2,1,7,3,8 2,1,3,7,8 1,2,3,7,8 */
状态码朴素写法:
import java.util.Arrays; public class test { public static void main(String[] args) { int[] nums= {5,3,1,7,5,20,2,4,3,2,2,1,2,4,3}; quicklySort(nums,0,nums.length-1); //Arrays.sort(nums); System.out.println(Arrays.toString(nums)); } public static int[] quicklySort(int[] nums,int prefix,int suffix) { //问题出在相同元素时不好判断//解决:相同的时候将其向前移或后移 //问题出在换了一次之后,交换的顺序错误//解决:加入状态码 int tempprefix=prefix; int tempsuffix=suffix; int status=0; if (prefix==suffix) return nums; while (prefix<suffix) { if (nums[prefix]>nums[suffix]) { swap(nums,prefix,suffix); status=status^1;//第一次交换状态为1 if (status==1) { prefix++; }else { suffix--; } } else { if (status==1) { prefix++; }else { suffix--; } } } if (prefix==suffix) { quicklySort(nums, tempprefix,prefix-1); quicklySort(nums, suffix+1, tempsuffix); } return nums; } public static void swap(int[] nums,int prefix,int suffix) { int temp=nums[prefix]; nums[prefix]=nums[suffix]; nums[suffix]=temp; } }
中值无状态码写法:
import java.util.Arrays; public class test { public static void main(String[] args) { int[] nums= {5,3,1,7,5,20,2,4,3,2,2,1,2,4,3}; nums=quicklySort(nums,0,nums.length-1); System.out.println(Arrays.toString(nums)); } public static int[] quicklySort(int[] nums,int prefix,int suffix) { int centervalue=nums[(prefix+suffix)>>1]; if (prefix>=suffix) return nums; int tempprefix=prefix-1;//进入循环,防止数组越界 int tempsuffix=suffix+1; while (tempprefix<tempsuffix) { do {tempprefix++;} while (centervalue>nums[tempprefix]); do {tempsuffix--;} while (centervalue<nums[tempsuffix]); if (tempprefix<tempsuffix) { int temp=nums[tempprefix]; nums[tempprefix]=nums[tempsuffix]; nums[tempsuffix]=temp; } } //System.out.println(Arrays.toString(nums)); quicklySort(nums, prefix,tempprefix-1); quicklySort(nums, tempsuffix+1, suffix); return nums; } }
随机快排
import java.util.*; public class Main{ public static void main(String[] args) { int[] nums=new int[]{1,3,4,7,3,6,2,1,3,2,5,7,2,3,1,2,1};//[0, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7] quickSort(0,nums.length-1,nums); System.out.println(Arrays.toString(nums)); } public static void quickSort(int l,int r,int[] nums){ if(l>=r) return; swap(nums,l+(int)StrictMath.random()*(r-l+1),r);//StrictMath.random() 取值 [0.0,1.0)//随机为一个概率事件,使其复杂度为O(nlongn) int prefix=l-1; int suffix=r; for(int curr=l;curr<suffix;curr++){ while(nums[curr]>nums[r] && curr<suffix){//若if在上,经过此过程后会造成小于当前的数出现 swap(curr,--suffix,nums); } if(nums[curr]<nums[r] && curr<suffix){ swap(curr,++prefix,nums); } } swap(r,suffix,nums); quickSort(l,prefix,nums); quickSort(suffix,r,nums); } public static void swap(int l,int r,int[] nums){ int temp=nums[l]; nums[l]=nums[r]; nums[r]=temp; } }
户枢不蠹,流水不腐