Docker学习之dockerhub

DockerHub

https://hub.docker.com/

登录服务器

Usage:  docker login [OPTIONS] [SERVER]

Log in to a Docker registry.
If no server is specified, the default is defined by the daemon.

Options:
  -p, --password string   Password
      --password-stdin    Take the password from stdin
  -u, --username string   Username
  
root@K8S-APP-T02:/root#docker login -u yunhgu
Password: 
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store

Login Succeeded

提交镜像

root@K8S-APP-T02:/root#docker images
REPOSITORY           TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
yunhgu/djangoweb     1.0       2f5f21b871a4   3 days ago    920MB
djangoweb            latest    2f5f21b871a4   3 days ago    920MB
mysql                latest    c0cdc95609f1   4 days ago    556MB
nacos/nacos-server   latest    aa0ed1af6fc3   2 weeks ago   1.04GB
python               3.9.2     587b1bc803b3   6 weeks ago   886MB
root@K8S-APP-T02:/root#docker push yunhgu/djangoweb:1.0
The push refers to repository [docker.io/yunhgu/djangoweb]
c2f481b5e11e: Pushed 
05abbb64f9fa: Pushed 
8eb8c22ae193: Pushed 
24cfc7b55b45: Pushed 
d176ad4c69a5: Pushed 
c249277a0e30: Mounted from library/python 
e0b2f4d03f7b: Mounted from library/python 
4cbe584e1645: Mounted from library/python 
5ece9340957c: Mounted from library/python 
093501b0a9e2: Mounted from library/python 
b1169e57b139: Mounted from library/python 
b3577d595e75: Mounted from library/python 
3ee270f20d54: Mounted from library/python 
4ef4adca5c3b: Mounted from library/python 
1.0: digest: sha256:d3e3b1a3dee323059cb4ff740bad223ff388c48c95b17b12a0d41ccd60f05ff5 size: 3261

Docker网络

理解Docker0

root@K8S-APP-T02:/root#ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens192: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:50:56:a6:a5:10 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.50.132.157/24 brd 10.50.132.255 scope global noprefixroute ens192
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fea6:a510/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: docker0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default 
    link/ether 02:42:80:a9:8e:c2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::42:80ff:fea9:8ec2/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

# 查看启动的容器的ip地址
root@K8S-APP-T02:/root#docker run -it python:3.9.2 ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
478: eth0@if479: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default 
    link/ether 02:42:ac:11:00:04 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0
    inet 172.17.0.4/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

# 本机ping它
ping 172.17.0.4

原理

每启动一个容器，docker就会给它分配一个ip,只要安装了docker,就会有一个网卡docker0  桥接模式使用的是evth-pair技术
# evth-pair 技术就是一对的虚拟设备接口，成对出现，一端连着协议，一端彼此相连
# 因为这个特性，evth-pair充当一个桥梁，连接各种虚拟网络设备的
# OpenStac, Docker容器之间的连接，OVS的连接，都是使用evth-pair技术

Docker中的所有的网络接口都是虚拟的。虚拟的转发效率很高。

--link

# 容器间的联通
docker run -it --name tomcat02 tomcat:latest
docker run -it --name tomcat01 --link tomcat02 tomcat:latest

# 查看tomcat01 hosts 配置
发现会有tomcat02 的IP地址

局限性，不支持容器名访问。

自定义网络

docker network --help
docker network ls

网络模式：

bridge: 桥接 docker(默认)

none: 不配置网络

host: 和宿主机共享网络

container :容器网络连通

# 我们直接启动默认了net
docker run -d -P --name tomcat01 tomcat
docker run -d -P --name tomcat01 --net bridge tomcat

创建网络

docker network create --driver bridge --subnet 192.168.0.0/16 --gateway 192.168.0.1 mynet
docker network ls
NETWORK ID     NAME                  DRIVER    SCOPE
ef8e47112b9a   bridge                bridge    local
4eb6a0d48bcf   composttest_default   bridge    local
5fec7da508b6   home_default          bridge    local
5f69ba2db66a   host                  host      local
206960a4da9f   mynet                 bridge    local
0eb40fb28d40   none                  null      local

root@K8S-APP-T02:/root#docker network inspect mynet
[
    {
        "Name": "mynet",
        "Id": "206960a4da9f76ee6120fece980393df4aa75c0c14243ac3a4d73e7f7027ff8e",
        "Created": "2021-05-17T14:50:49.104869121+08:00",
        "Scope": "local",
        "Driver": "bridge",
        "EnableIPv6": false,
        "IPAM": {
            "Driver": "default",
            "Options": {},
            "Config": [
                {
                    "Subnet": "192.168.0.0/16",
                    "Gateway": "192.168.0.1"
                }
            ]
        },
        "Internal": false,
        "Attachable": false,
        "Ingress": false,
        "ConfigFrom": {
            "Network": ""
        },
        "ConfigOnly": false,
        "Containers": {},
        "Options": {},
        "Labels": {}
    }
]

# 使用自定义网络创建容器
docker run -d -P --name tomcat01 --net mynet tomcat
docker run -d -P --name tomcat02 --net mynet tomcat

root@K8S-APP-T02:/root#docker network inspect mynet
[
    {
        "Name": "mynet",
        "Id": "206960a4da9f76ee6120fece980393df4aa75c0c14243ac3a4d73e7f7027ff8e",
        "Created": "2021-05-17T14:50:49.104869121+08:00",
        "Scope": "local",
        "Driver": "bridge",
        "EnableIPv6": false,
        "IPAM": {
            "Driver": "default",
            "Options": {},
            "Config": [
                {
                    "Subnet": "192.168.0.0/16",
                    "Gateway": "192.168.0.1"
                }
            ]
        },
        "Internal": false,
        "Attachable": false,
        "Ingress": false,
        "ConfigFrom": {
            "Network": ""
        },
        "ConfigOnly": false,
        "Containers": {
            "526667eba1620159396632a01ea67208c0b3c7068e22b8057bce2acd2bb54c53": {
                "Name": "tomcat02",
                "EndpointID": "91825251fb06867b5293a64d596419edbd1dca08d6b4fb2859e14f11ced024fd",
                "MacAddress": "02:42:c0:a8:00:02",
                "IPv4Address": "192.168.0.2/16",
                "IPv6Address": ""
            },
            "bedf9b4cbc0d4080a56f5893ef2afb5615b31137f73d9161b7c14c8ec3b2ad82": {
                "Name": "tomcat01",
                "EndpointID": "e0ec9a1133d5927b81e3f9e2f87c5b10b3de5efa7c929b1964c0b5f6c0b1a5ef",
                "MacAddress": "02:42:c0:a8:00:03",
                "IPv4Address": "192.168.0.3/16",
                "IPv6Address": ""
            }
        },
        "Options": {},
        "Labels": {}
    }
]

结果：
docker exec -it tomcat01 ping 192.168.0.2
PING 192.168.0.2 (192.168.0.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.0.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.137 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.069 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.083 ms
^C
--- 192.168.0.2 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.069/0.096/0.137/0.030 ms


root@K8S-APP-T02:/root#docker exec -it tomcat02 ping 192.168.0.3
PING 192.168.0.3 (192.168.0.3) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.0.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.110 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.3: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.084 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.3: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.082 ms
^C
--- 192.168.0.3 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1000ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.082/0.092/0.110/0.012 ms

好处： 不同的集群使用不同的网络，保证集群是安全和健康的

网络联通

root@K8S-APP-T02:/root#docker network connect --help

Usage:  docker network connect [OPTIONS] NETWORK CONTAINER

Connect a container to a network

Options:
      --alias strings           Add network-scoped alias for the container
      --driver-opt strings      driver options for the network
      --ip string               IPv4 address (e.g., 172.30.100.104)
      --ip6 string              IPv6 address (e.g., 2001:db8::33)
      --link list               Add link to another container
      --link-local-ip strings   Add a link-local address for the container
      
      
docker network connect mynet 容器id