Python字符串排序
看了西红柿的博客,此文纯搬运,方便自己查询用。
原文:https://www.cnblogs.com/tomato0906/articles/4890701.html
1、python中的字符串类型是不允许直接修改元素的。必须先把要排序的字符串放在容器里,如list。
python中list容器的sort()函数没有返回值。所以在python中对字符串排序需要好几行代码:
s="string"
l=list(s)
l.sort()
s="".join(l)
print s 'ginrst'
一行代码搞定字符串排序的方法:
s="string"
s="".join((lambda x:(x.sort(),x)[1])(list(s)))
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string = ''''' the stirng Has many line In THE fIle ''' list_of_string = string.split() print list_of_string #将字符串分离开,放入列表中 print '*'*50 def case_insensitive_sort(liststring): listtemp = [(x.lower(),x) for x in liststring] #将字符串列表,生成元组,(忽略大小写的字符串,字符串) listtemp.sort()<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>#对元组排序,因为元组为:(忽略大小写的字符串,字符串),就是按忽略大小写的字符串排序 return [x[1] for x in listtemp] #排序完成后,返回原字符串的列表 print case_insensitive_sort(list_of_string) #调用起来,测试一下
2、使用内建函数
sorted(iterable[,cmp[, key[,reverse]]])
Return a new sorted list from the items in iterable.
key specifies a function of one argument that is used to extract a comparison key from each list element:key=str.lower. The default value isNone.
使用参数key=str.lower
代码如下:
def case_insensitive_sort2(liststring): return sorted(liststring,key = str.lower)
3、
使用list的sort方法:
The sort() method takes optional arguments for controlling the comparisons.
cmp specifies a custom comparison function of two arguments (list items) which should return a negative, zero or positive number depending on whether the first argument is considered smaller than, equal to, or larger than the second argument: cmp=lambda x,y:cmp(x.lower(), y.lower()). The default value is None.
key specifies a function of one argument that is used to extract a comparison key from each list element: key=str.lower. The default value is None.
reverse is a boolean value. If set to True, then the list elements are sorted as if each comparison were reversed
def case_insensitive_sort3(liststring): liststring.sort(cmp=lambda x,y: cmp(x.lower(), y.lower())) case_insensitive_sort3(list_of_string) print list_of_string
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根据字符串长度来排序
给定字符串:xs = ['dddd','a','bb','ccc']
python根据字符串中的内嵌的数字排序
l = [ 'ch9.txt', 'ch10.txt', 'ch1.txt', 'ch3.txt', 'ch11.txt' ]
排序完成后
l=[ 'ch1.txt', 'ch3.txt', 'ch9.txt', 'ch10.txt', 'ch11.txt' ]
import re
l = [ 'ch9.txt', 'ch10.txt', 'ch1.txt', 'ch3.txt', 'ch11.txt' ]
p = re.compile("(\d+)")
def my_cmp(v1, v2):
d1 = [int(i) for i in p.findall(v1)][0]
d2 = [int(i) for i in p.findall(v2)][0]
return cmp(d1, d2)
l.sort(my_cmp)
print l
>>> import re
>>>
>>> l = [ 'ch9.txt', 'ch10.txt', 'ch1.txt', 'ch3.txt', 'ch11.txt' ]
>>>
>>> p = re.compile("(\d+)")
>>>
>>> def my_cmp(v1, v2):
... d1 = [int(i) for i in p.findall(v1)][0]
... d2 = [int(i) for i in p.findall(v2)][0]
... return cmp(d1, d2)
...
>>>
... l.sort(my_cmp)
>>>
>>> print l
['ch1.txt', 'ch3.txt', 'ch9.txt', 'ch10.txt', 'ch11.txt']
>>>
一句代码足以
l.sort(key = lambda x:int(re.match('\D+(\d+)\.txt',x).group(1)))