Android开发 System Ramdisk相关
Andoird7 上 Ramdisk挂载为根文件系统
在android7 上文件系统的root是挂载 ramdisk; ramdisk镜像是被打包在boot.img上。
可以通过unpack_bootimg 工具对boot.img镜像拆解:
unpack_bootimg需要执行android编译的环境设置后,make unpack_bootimg;
执行过程及结果:
yujixuan@yujixuan:~/prj/code/out/target/product/msm8953_64/bootout$ unpack_bootimg --boot_img boot.img --out ./
boot_magic: ANDROID!
kernel_size: 15636495
kernel load address: 2147516416
ramdisk size: 1350215
ramdisk load address: 2164260864
second bootloader size: 0
second bootloader load address: 2163212288
kernel tags load address: 2147483904
page size: 2048
boot image header version: 0
os version and patch level: 235147554
product name:
command line args: console=ttyHSL0,115200,n8 androidboot.console=ttyHSL0 androidboot.hardware=qcom msm_rtb.filter=0x237 ehci-hcd.park=3 androidboot.bootdevice=7824900.sdhci lpm_levels.sleep_disabled=1 earlyprintk buildvariant=userdebug
additional command line args:
yujixuan@yujixuan:~/prj/code/out/target/product/msm8953_64/bootout$ ls
boot.img kernel ramdisk second
yujixuan@yujixuan:~/prj/code/out/target/product/msm8953_64/bootout$ file *
boot.img: Android bootimg, kernel, ramdisk, page size: 2048, cmdline (console=ttyHSL0,115200,n8 androidboot.console=ttyHSL0 androidboot.hardware=qcom msm_rtb.filter=)
kernel: Linux kernel ARM boot executable zImage (little-endian)
ramdisk: gzip compressed data, from Unix
second: empty
通过File命令可知,ramdisk是个gzip文件;
修改为.gz 后缀文件后,通过gunzip解压它可得到ramdisk归档后的文件,接着再用 cpio命令进行解档,过程如下:
yujixuan@yujixuan:~/prj/code/out/target/product/msm8953_64/bootout$ mv ramdisk ramdisk.gz
yujixuan@yujixuan:~/prj/code/out/target/product/msm8953_64/bootout$ ls
boot.img kernel ramdisk.gz second
yujixuan@yujixuan:~/prj/code/out/target/product/msm8953_64/bootout$ gunzip ramdisk.gz
yujixuan@yujixuan:~/prj/code/out/target/product/msm8953_64/bootout$ ls
boot.img kernel ramdisk second
yujixuan@yujixuan:~/prj/code/out/target/product/msm8953_64/bootout$ cpio -i -F ramdisk
5493 块
yujixuan@yujixuan:~/prj/code/out/target/product/msm8953_64/bootout$ ls
acct config etc init.class_main.sh init.qcom.early_boot.sh init.qcom.usb.rc init.usb.rc proc sdcard service_contexts ueventd.rc
boot.img d file_contexts.bin init.environ.rc init.qcom.factory.rc init.qcom.usb.sh init.zygote32.rc property_contexts seapp_contexts storage vendor
bugreports data fstab.qcom init.mdm.sh init.qcom.rc init.rc kernel ramdisk second sys verity_key
cache default.prop init init.qcom.bms.sh init.qcom.sh init.target.rc mnt res selinux_version system
charger dev init.carrier.rc init.qcom.class_core.sh init.qcom.syspart_fixup.sh init.usb.configfs.rc oem sbin sepolicy ueventd.qcom.rc
即可得到 系统启动后的根文件系统中的文件; 系统启动过程中会将system,vendor等img挂载到相应的路径上; 也可以看出这里的一些初始化文件,如init.rc uevent.rc 就是在boot.img中生效的;
在编译目录out下,对应的是root目录:
Android9及以上 system as root
在android9 及以上,根文件系统不是通过boot。img中的ramdisk直接来挂载根文件系统;而编译的ramdisk.img被打包到system.img中; 系统启动过程中,会将根目录切换到system目录下;
同样执行上面的步骤解析boot.img; 可以看到虽然ramdisk还有;但是是空文件;
yujixuan@yujixuan:~/prj/code/out/target/product/msm8953_64/bootout2$ unpack_bootimg --boot_img boot.img --out ./
boot_magic: ANDROID!
kernel_size: 16609898
kernel load address: 2147516416
ramdisk size: 0
ramdisk load address: 2164260864
second bootloader size: 0
second bootloader load address: 2163212288
kernel tags load address: 2147483904
page size: 2048
boot image header version: 1
os version and patch level: 301990199
product name:
command line args: console=ttyHSL0,115200,n8 androidboot.console=ttyHSL0 androidboot.hardware=qcom msm_rtb.filter=0x237 ehci-hcd.park=3 lpm_levels.sleep_disabled=1 androidboot.bootdevice=7824900.sdhci earlycon=msm_serial_dm,0x78af000 firmware_class.path=/vendor/firmware_mnt/image androidboot.usbconfigfs=true loop.max_part=7 buildvariant=userdebug
additional command line args:
recovery dtbo size: 0
recovery dtbo offset: 0
boot header size: 1648
yujixuan@yujixuan:~/prj/code/out/target/product/msm8953_64/bootout2$ ls
boot.img kernel ramdisk second
yujixuan@yujixuan:~/prj/code/out/target/product/msm8953_64/bootout2$ file *
boot.img: Android bootimg, kernel, page size: 2048, cmdline (console=ttyHSL0,115200,n8 androidboot.console=ttyHSL0 androidboot.hardware=qcom msm_rtb.filter=)
kernel: gzip compressed data, max compression, from Unix
ramdisk: empty
second: empty
想要修改一些初始化文件,则需要更新system.img;
动态分区super.img
android10上,则需要烧录包含system.img的super.img简单来看 是将system.img 和vendor.img打包在一起;它们的大小并非固定的;是由编译时决定的,更合理的使用内存空间;