1. 问题描述
今天用Spring Boot测试一个简单的JPA应用时一直报错，报错如下：
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/orm/jpa/HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is javax.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: default] Unable to build Hibernate SessionFactory; nested exception is org.hibernate.tool.schema.spi.SchemaManagementException: Unable to execute schema management to JDBC target [create table user (id bigint not null auto_increment, address varchar(255), age integer not null, desc varchar(255), gender varchar(255) not null, hometown varchar(255), password varchar(255) not null, region varchar(255), user_name varchar(255) not null, primary key (id)) ENGINE=InnoDB] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1631) ~[spring-beans-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:553) ~[spring-beans-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:481) ~[spring-beans-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:312) ~[spring-beans-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230) ~[spring-beans-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:308) ~[spring-beans-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197) ~[spring-beans-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1080) ~[spring-context-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:857) ~[spring-context-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:543) ~[spring-context-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:693) ~[spring-boot-1.5.17.RELEASE.jar:1.5.17.RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:360) ~[spring-boot-1.5.17.RELEASE.jar:1.5.17.RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:303) ~[spring-boot-1.5.17.RELEASE.jar:1.5.17.RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader.loadContext(SpringBootContextLoader.java:121) [spring-boot-test-1.5.17.RELEASE.jar:1.5.17.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:98) [spring-test-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:116) [spring-test-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:83) [spring-test-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.setUpRequestContextIfNecessary(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:189) [spring-test-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:131) [spring-test-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:230) [spring-test-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:228) [spring-test-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:287) [spring-test-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12] at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289) [spring-test-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:247) [spring-test-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:94) [spring-test-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12] at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12] at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12] at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12] at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12] at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61) [spring-test-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70) [spring-test-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12] at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:191) [spring-test-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12] at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68) [junit-rt.jar:na] at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:51) [junit-rt.jar:na] at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242) [junit-rt.jar:na] at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70) [junit-rt.jar:na] Caused by: javax.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: default] Unable to build Hibernate SessionFactory; nested exception is org.hibernate.tool.schema.spi.SchemaManagementException: Unable to execute schema management to JDBC target [create table user (id bigint not null auto_increment, address varchar(255), age integer not null, desc varchar(255), gender varchar(255) not null, hometown varchar(255), password varchar(255) not null, region varchar(255), user_name varchar(255) not null, primary key (id)) ENGINE=InnoDB] at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.buildNativeEntityManagerFactory(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:396) ~[spring-orm-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:371) ~[spring-orm-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:336) ~[spring-orm-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1689) ~[spring-beans-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1627) ~[spring-beans-4.3.20.RELEASE.jar:4.3.20.RELEASE] ... 39 common frames omitted Caused by: org.hibernate.tool.schema.spi.SchemaManagementException: Unable to execute schema management to JDBC target [create table user (id bigint not null auto_increment, address varchar(255), age integer not null, desc varchar(255), gender varchar(255) not null, hometown varchar(255), password varchar(255) not null, region varchar(255), user_name varchar(255) not null, primary key (id)) ENGINE=InnoDB] at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.TargetDatabaseImpl.accept(TargetDatabaseImpl.java:59) ~[hibernate-core-5.0.12.Final.jar:5.0.12.Final] at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaMigratorImpl.applySqlString(SchemaMigratorImpl.java:431) ~[hibernate-core-5.0.12.Final.jar:5.0.12.Final] at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaMigratorImpl.applySqlStrings(SchemaMigratorImpl.java:420) ~[hibernate-core-5.0.12.Final.jar:5.0.12.Final] at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaMigratorImpl.createTable(SchemaMigratorImpl.java:236) ~[hibernate-core-5.0.12.Final.jar:5.0.12.Final] at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaMigratorImpl.doMigrationToTargets(SchemaMigratorImpl.java:167) ~[hibernate-core-5.0.12.Final.jar:5.0.12.Final] at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaMigratorImpl.doMigration(SchemaMigratorImpl.java:60) ~[hibernate-core-5.0.12.Final.jar:5.0.12.Final] at org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate.execute(SchemaUpdate.java:134) ~[hibernate-core-5.0.12.Final.jar:5.0.12.Final] at org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate.execute(SchemaUpdate.java:101) ~[hibernate-core-5.0.12.Final.jar:5.0.12.Final] at org.hibernate.internal.SessionFactoryImpl.<init>(SessionFactoryImpl.java:472) ~[hibernate-core-5.0.12.Final.jar:5.0.12.Final] at org.hibernate.boot.internal.SessionFactoryBuilderImpl.build(SessionFactoryBuilderImpl.java:444) ~[hibernate-core-5.0.12.Final.jar:5.0.12.Final] at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.build(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:879) ~[hibernate-entitymanager-5.0.12.Final.jar:5.0.12.Final]
怎么网上搜索也找不到答案。最后发现是一个字段命名有问题。问题发现如下：
2. 问题发现
@Entity public class User implements Serializable{ private static final long serialVersionUID = -9161799985068660541L; @Id @GeneratedValue private Long id; @Column(nullable = false, unique = true, name = "user_name") private String userName; @Column(nullable = false) private String password; @Column(nullable = false) private String gender; @Column(nullable = false) private int age; @Column private String desc; @Column private String region; @Column private String address; @Column private String hometown; public User() { } public User(String userName, String password, int age, String address, String hometown) { this.userName = userName; this.password = password; this.age = age; this.address = address; this.hometown = hometown; } public User(String userName, String password, String gender, int age, String desc, String region, String address, String hometown) { this.userName = userName; this.password = password; this.gender = gender; this.age = age; this.desc = desc; this.region = region; this.address = address; this.hometown = hometown; } public Long getId() { return id; } public void setId(Long id) { this.id = id; } public String getUserName() { return userName; } public void setUserName(String userName) { this.userName = userName; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } public String getGender() { return gender; } public void setGender(String gender) { this.gender = gender; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } public String getDesc() { return desc; } public void setDesc(String desc) { this.desc = desc; } public String getRegion() { return region; } public void setRegion(String region) { this.region = region; } public String getAddress() { return address; } public void setAddress(String address) { this.address = address; } public String getHometown() { return hometown; } public void setHometown(String hometown) { this.hometown = hometown; } @Override public String toString() { return "User{" + "userName='" + userName + '\'' + ", password='" + password + '\'' + ", gender='" + gender + '\'' + ", age=" + age + ", desc='" + desc + '\'' + ", region='" + region + '\'' + ", address='" + address + '\'' + ", hometown='" + hometown + '\'' + '}'; } }
发现一个奇怪的字段命名desc，再一看不对劲呀，这不是Mysql数据库的关键字么？修改之后重试，成功！
总结：多用心！
