(十)Hibernate的一对一关联关系
一、概述
我们以Company与Address类为例,介绍映射一对一关联关系的方法。
一对一的关联方法有两种
-按照外键映射:两个表任意一个表定义一个外键,来关联另一个表。
-按照主键映射:一个表的主键同时作为外键,和另一个表的主键保持一致。
二、按照外键映射
(1)创建实体类
public class Company { private Integer id; private String name; private Address address; public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Address getAddress() { return address; } public void setAddress(Address address) { this.address = address; } } public class Address { private Integer id; private String name; private Company company; public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Company getCompany() { return company; } public void setCompany(Company company) { this.company = company; } }
(2)我们配置映射文件,我们在Company这一方设置外键来关联Address 有外键的一方要使用<many-to-one>元素来配置。
Company.hbm.xml <hibernate-mapping > <class name="com.cad.domain.Company" table="company"> <id name="id" column="id"> <generator class="native"></generator> </id> <property name="name" column="name"></property> <!--column指定外键,unique指定外键唯一约束,设为true,就可以表达Company和Address对象之间的一对一关联--> <many-to-one name="address" class="com.cad.domain.Address" column="aid" unique="true"></many-to-one> </class> </hibernate-mapping> Address.hbm.xml <hibernate-mapping > <class name="com.cad.domain.Address" table="address"> <id name="id" column="id"> <generator class="native"></generator> </id> <property name="name" column="name"></property> <!--property-ref属性指定通过从Company的address属性来查找自己--> <one-to-one name="Company" class="com.cad.domain.Company" property-ref="address"></one-to-one> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
测试:
public class Demo { private Session session; @Test public void test() { //读取配置文件 Configuration conf=new Configuration().configure(); //根据配置创建factory SessionFactory sessionfactory=conf.buildSessionFactory(); session = sessionfactory.openSession(); Transaction ts=session.beginTransaction(); Company c=new Company(); c.setName("百度"); Address a=new Address(); a.setName("深圳"); c.setAddress(a); a.setCompany(c); session.save(a); session.save(c); ts.commit(); session.close(); sessionfactory.close(); } } 默认情况下,一对一关联采用迫切左外连接检索策略。
三、按照主键映射
实体类不变,我们编写一下配置文件 address的表的id字段既是主键又是外键. 编写配置文件 Company.hbm.xml <hibernate-mapping > <class name="com.cad.domain.Company" table="company"> <id name="id" column="id"> <generator class="native"></generator> </id> <property name="name" column="name"></property> <one-to-one name="address" class="com.cad.domain.Address" ></one-to-one> </class> </hibernate-mapping> Address.hbm.xml <hibernate-mapping > <class name="com.cad.domain.Address" table="address"> <id name="id" column="id"> <!--必须使用foreign标识符生成策略,还要指定哪个对象共享OID--> <generator class="foreign"> <param name="property">company</param> </generator> </id> <property name="name" column="name"></property> <!--constrained属性设为true,说明主键同时作为外键--> <one-to-one name="company" class="com.cad.domain.Company" constrained="true"></one-to-one> </class> </hibernate-mapping>