CentOS7 安装 MongoDB 4.2 副本集

安装环境

系统版本：CentOS Linux release 7

mongoDB版本：mongoDB 4.2  

节点信息

	ip	备注
主节点	172.0.0.1
从节点	172.0.0.2
仲裁节点	172.0.0.3

 

 

 

 

 

 

目录结构

数据路径：/mongo/db

日志路径：/mongo/log

密钥路径：/mongo/keyfile

安装方式

一 通过yum安装mongoDB如下

# moongoDb 库
/etc/yum.repos.d/mongodb-org-4.2.repo 

# yum安装
yum install -y mongodb-org

 

二、副本集 目录结构准备

# 目录及权限设置
mkdir -p /var/lib/mongo
mkdir -p /var/log/mongodb
chown -R mongod:mongod /var/lib/mongo
chown -R mongod:mongod /var/log/mongodb

# 目录及权限设置
mkdir /mongo/db  
mkdir /mongo/keyfile  
mkdir /mongo/log
chown -R mongod:mongod /mongo

# 生成kefile
# 用于各节点之间安全认证
openssl rand -base64 700 > /mongo/keyfile/mongodb-keyfile
chmod  500 /mongo/keyfile/mongodb-keyfile

# 拷贝keyfile 到从服务器和仲裁节点
scp mongodb-keyfile  mongo_user@192.168.0.2:/mongo/keyfile/
scp mongodb-keyfile  mongo_user@192.168.0.3:/mongo/keyfile/

 

三、配置文件

　　三台服务器配置文件内容一致

# mongod.conf

# for documentation of all options, see:
#   http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/configuration-options/

# where to write logging data.
systemLog:
  destination: file
  logAppend: true
  path: /mongo/log/mongod.log

# Where and how to store data.
storage:
  dbPath: /mongo/db
  journal:
    enabled: true
#  engine:
#  wiredTiger:

# how the process runs
processManagement:
  fork: true  # fork and run in background
  pidFilePath: /var/run/mongodb/mongod.pid  # location of pidfile
  timeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfo

# network interfaces
net:
  port: 27017
  bindIp: 0.0.0.0  # Enter 0.0.0.0,:: to bind to all IPv4 and IPv6 addresses or, alternatively, use the net.bindIpAll setting.


#security:
security:
  keyFile: /mongo/keyfile/mongodb-keyfile
  authorization: enabled

#operationProfiling:

#replication:
replication:
  replSetName: replica_id

#sharding:

## Enterprise-Only Options

#auditLog:

#snmp:

 

 

四、 启动服务

# 启动mongodb
systemctl start mongod.service

 

五、 配置副本集

 

# 在主库添加副本集信息 

# 登陆数据库
mongo

# 配置副本集replica_id ,名字可以自定义,但需要和配置文件保持一致
config={"_id":"replica_id",members:[
     {_id:0,host:"172.0.0.1:27017"},
     {_id:1,host:"172.0.0.2:27017"},
     {_id:2,host:"172.0.0.3:27017",arbiterOnly:true}
]
}
# 初始化副本集：使用前面定义的replica_id
rs.initiate(config) 

# 查询副本集状态
rs.status()

# 副本集状态主要内容如下
172.168.0.1 
"stateStr": "PRIMARY"
172.168.0.2 
"stateStr": "SECONDARY"
172.168.0.3
"stateStr": "ARBITER"

 

常用维护指令

1. 新建管理员账户
# 登陆
mongo
# 切换admin 数据库
use admin
# 新建管理员root
db.createUser(
  {
    user: "root",
    pwd: "password",
    roles: [ { role: "root", db: "admin" } ]
  })

# 数据库bussines新建普通(读写权限)用户rouser
db.createUser(
  {
    user: "ro_user",
    pwd: "password",
    roles: [ { role: "readWrite", db: "bussiness" } ]
  })

# 修改密码
db.changeUserPassword("root", "newpassword")

2. 通过密码登陆mongo
mongo --port 27017 -u root -p  --authenticationDatabase admin 

3. 备份数据库
mongodump  -u root -p passowrd --authenticationDatabase admin  -d dbname -o /bak/dbname
4. 还原数据库
mongorestore -uroot -p passowrd -d dbname /bak/dbname --authenticationDatabase admin