makefile实例

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#.PHONY:cleanall cleanobj cleandiff     #cleanall:cleandiff cleanobj #   rm program   #cleanobj: #   rm obj.c #   echo 'cleaning........' #cleandiff: #   rm diff.c   #命令cd和pwd同时执行 exec1:     cd ../     pwd   #先执行命令cd再执行pwd exec2:     cd ../;pwd foo := a.o b.o c.o bar := $(foo:.o=.c)   #替换函数 exec3:     echo '$(bar)' a := afrom b := $(subst from,to,$a) exec4:     @echo '$b'   #取所在目录路径   dirs := $(dir src/foo.c hacks) exec5:     @echo '$(dirs)'     #取文件名后缀 suf1 := $(suffix a.c a.o) exec6:     @echo '$(suf1)'   #取前缀 bas = $(basename foo.x a.o) exec7:     @echo '$(bas)'   #添加后缀 addsux = $(addsuffix .c,foo bar) exec8:     @echo '$(addsux)'   #添加前缀 addpre = $(addprefix aa,foo bar) exec9:     @echo '$(addpre)'   #字串连接函数 pjoin = $(join aa, bb cc) exec10:     @echo '$(pjoin)'   #查找字串函数 findstr = $(findstring ab,dddabf) exec11:     @echo '$(findstr)'   #过滤函数 sources:=foo.c bar.c baz.s ugh.h ss=$(filter %.c %.s,$(sources)) exec12:     @echo '$(ss)'   #循环函数 names := a b c d #表示将names的值依次放进n中，然后以.o的形式输出 files := $(foreach n,$(names),$(n).o) exec13:     @echo '$(files)'   reverse = $(2)$(1) foo = $(call reverse,a,b) exec14:     @echo '$(foo)' reverse = $(2)$(1) foo = $(call reverse,a,b) exec15:     @echo '$(foo)'   #查看变量的类型 aa = $(origin CC) exec16:     @echo '$(aa)'