Oracle的Blob字段比较特殊,他比long字段的性能要好很多,可以用来保存例如图片之类的二进制数据。
写入Blob字段和写入其它类型字段的方式非常不同,因为Blob自身有一个cursor,你必须使用cursor对blob进行操作,因而你在写入Blob之前,必须获得cursor才能进行写入,那么如何获得Blob的cursor呢?
这需要你先插入一个empty的blob,这将创建一个blob的cursor,然后你再把这个empty的blob的cursor用select查询出来,这样通过两步操作,你就获得了blob的cursor,可以真正的写入blob数据了。
看下面的JDBC的demo,把oraclejdbc.jar这个二进制文件写入数据库表javatest的content字段(这是一个blob型字段)
import java.sql.*; import java.io.*; import oracle.sql.*; public class WriteBlob { public static void main(String[] args) { try { DriverManager.registerDriver(new oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver()); Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl","fankai","fankai"); conn.setAutoCommit(false); BLOB blob = null; PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement("insert into javatest(name,content) values(?,empty_blob())"); pstmt.setString(1,"fankai"); pstmt.executeUpdate(); pstmt.close(); pstmt = conn.prepareStatement("select content from javatest where name= ? for update"); pstmt.setString(1,"fankai"); ResultSet rset = pstmt.executeQuery(); if (rset.next()) blob = (BLOB) rset.getBlob(1); String fileName = "oraclejdbc.jar"; File f = new File(fileName); FileInputStream fin = new FileInputStream(f); System.out.println("file size = " + fin.available()); pstmt = conn.prepareStatement("update javatest set content=? where name=?"); OutputStream out = blob.getBinaryOutputStream(); int count = -1, total = 0; byte[] data = new byte[(int)fin.available()]; fin.read(data); out.write(data); /* byte[] data = new byte[blob.getBufferSize()]; 另一种实现方法,节省内存 while ((count = fin.read(data)) != -1) { total += count; out.write(data, 0, count); } */ fin.close(); out.close(); pstmt.setBlob(1,blob); pstmt.setString(2,"fankai"); pstmt.executeUpdate(); pstmt.close(); conn.commit(); conn.close(); } catch (SQLException e) { System.err.println(e.getMessage()); e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { System.err.println(e.getMessage()); } } } |
仔细看上例,分三步:
1、插入空blob
into javatest(name,content) values(?,empty_blob()); |
2、获得blob的cursor
select content from javatest where name= ? for update; |
注意!!!必须加for update,这将锁定该行,直至该行被修改完毕,保证不产生并发冲突。
3、update javatest set content=? where name=
用cursor往数据库写数据
这里面还有一点要提醒大家:
JDK1.3带的JDBC2.0规范是不完善的,只有读Blob的接口,而没有写Blob的接口,JDK1.4带的JDBC3.0加入了写Blob的接口。你可以使用JDBC3.0的接口,也可以直接使用Oracle的JDBC的API,我在上例中使用了Oracle的JDBC的API。
另外要注意的是:
java.sql.Blob oracle.sql.BLOB |
注意看blob的大小写,是不一样的。写程序的时候不要搞混了。
下面看看用Hibernate怎么写,原理是一样的,也要分三步,但是代码简单很多
这是Cat对象定义
package com.fankai; import java.sql.Blob; public class Cat { private String id; private String name; private char sex; private float weight; private Blob image; public Cat() { } public String getId() { return id; } public void setId(String id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public char getSex() { return sex; } public void setSex(char sex) { this.sex = sex; } public float getWeight() { return weight; } public void setWeight(float weight) { this.weight = weight; } public Blob getImage() { return image; } public void setImage(Blob image) { this.image = image;} } |
这是Cat.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping SYSTEM "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-2.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping> <class name="com.fankai.Cat" table="cat"> <!--jcs-cache usage="read-only"/--> <id name="id" unsaved-value="null"> <generator class="uuid.hex"/> </id> <property name="name" length="16" not-null="true"/> <property name="sex" length="1" not-null="true"/> <property name="weight" /> <property name="image" /> </class> </hibernate-mapping> |
下面是完整的用Hibernate写入Blob的例子,相比JDBC,已经简单轻松多了,也不用写那些Oracle特殊的sql了:
package com.fankai; import java.sql.Blob; import net.sf.hibernate.*; import oracle.sql.*; import java.io.*; public class TestCatHibernate { public static void testBlob() { Session s = null; byte[] buffer = new byte[1]; buffer[0] = 1; try { SessionFactory sf = HibernateSessionFactory.getSessionFactory(); s = sf.openSession(); Transaction tx = s.beginTransaction(); Cat c = new Cat(); c.setName("Robbin"); c.setImage(Hibernate.createBlob(buffer)); s.save(c); s.flush(); s.refresh(c, LockMode.UPGRADE); BLOB blob = (BLOB) c.getImage(); //Hibernate1.2-3才能用 OutputStream out = blob.getBinaryOutputStream(); String fileName = "oraclejdbc.jar"; File f = new File(fileName); FileInputStream fin = new FileInputStream(f); int count = -1, total = 0; byte[] data = new byte[(int)fin.available()]; fin.read(data); out.write(data); fin.close(); out.close(); s.flush(); tx.commit(); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); } finally { if (s != null) try { s.close(); } catch (Exception e) {} } } } |