xml使用系统整理
1、 认识xml
可扩展标记语言，一种用于标记电子文档使其具有结果性的标记语言，它可以用来标记数据、定义数据类型，是一种允许用户对自己的标记语言进行定义的源语言。
2、 和超文本标记语言区别
2.1 html不一定需要成对出现，xml则一定需要成对出现。
2.2 html 不区分大小写，但是xml区分。
3、对xml文档增删改查
1 //声明一个XmlDocument空对象
2 protected XmlDocument XmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
3 /// <summary>
4 /// 构造函数，导入xml文件
5 /// </summary>
6 /// <param name="path"></param>
7 public XmlHelper(string path)
8 {
9 try
10 {
11 XmlDoc.Load(path);
12 }
13 catch (Exception ex)
14 {
15 throw ex;
16 }
17 }
18 /// <summary>
19 /// 保存文件
20 /// </summary>
21 /// <param name="path"></param>
22 public void SaveXml(string path)
23 {
24 try
25 {
26 XmlDoc.Save(path);
27 }
28 catch (System.Exception ex)
29 {
30 throw ex;
31 }
32 }
1 /// <summary>
2 /// 获取节点的子节点的内容
3 /// </summary>
4 /// <param name="path"></param>
5 /// <param name="rootNode"></param>
6 /// <param name="attributeName"></param>
7 /// <returns></returns>
8 public string GetNodeChildAttribute(string path, string rootNode, string attributeName)
9 {
10 XmlNode xn = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode);
11 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
12 XmlNodeList xnl = xn.ChildNodes;
13
14 foreach (XmlNode xnf in xnl)
15 {
16 XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xnf;
17 XmlNodeList xnf1 = xe.ChildNodes;
18 foreach (XmlNode xn2 in xnf1)
19 {
20 if (xn2.Name == attributeName)
21 {
22 sb.Append(xn2.InnerText);//显示子节点点文本
23 }
24 }
25 }
26 return sb.ToString();
27 }
1 /// <summary>
2 /// 获取节点的属性值
3 /// </summary>
4 /// <param name="path">xml路径</param>
5 /// <param name="rootNode">根节点名称</param>
6 /// <param name="attributeName">属性名称</param>
7 /// <returns></returns>
8 public string GetNodeAttribute(string path, string rootNode, string attributeName)
9 {
10 try
11 {
12 XmlNode xn = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode);
13 XmlNodeList xnl = xn.ChildNodes;
14 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
15 foreach (XmlNode xnf in xnl)
16 {
17 XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xnf;
18 sb.Append(xe.GetAttribute(attributeName));
19 }
20 return sb.ToString();
21 }
22 catch (Exception)
23 {
24
25 throw;
26 }
27 }
1 /// <summary>
2 /// 删除节点/节点属性
3 /// </summary>
4 /// <param name="path">xml文件地址</param>
5 /// <param name="rootNode">根节点名称</param>
6 /// <param name="delNode">要删除的节点</param>
7 /// <param name="attributeName">节点属性</param>
8 /// <param name="attributeValue">属性值</param>
9 public void DeleteNode(string path, string rootNode, string attributeName, string attributeValue)
10 {
11 try
12 {
13 XmlNodeList xnl = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode).ChildNodes;
14 foreach (XmlNode xn in xnl)
15 {
16 XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;
17 if (xe.GetAttribute(attributeName) == attributeValue)
18 {
19 //xe.RemoveAttribute(attributeName);//删除属性
20 xe.RemoveAll();//删除该节点的全部内容
21 }
22 }
23 SaveXml(path);
24 }
25 catch (Exception)
26 {
27
28 throw;
29 }
30 }
1 /// <summary>
2 /// 修改节点的子节点内容
3 /// </summary>
4 /// <param name="path">xml文件路径</param>
5 /// <param name="rootNode">根节点名称</param>
6 /// <param name="attributeName">节点的子节点名称</param>
7 /// <param name="attributeOldValue">节点的子节点原始内容</param>
8 /// <param name="attributeNewValue">节点的子节点新内容</param>
9 public void UpdateChildNodeAttribute(string path, string rootNode, string attributeName, string attributeOldValue, string attributeNewValue)
10 {
11 try
12 {
13 XmlNodeList nodeList = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode).ChildNodes;//获取根节点的所有子节点
14 foreach (XmlNode xn in nodeList)//遍历所有子节点
15 {
16 XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;//将子节点类型转换为XmlElement类型
17 if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(attributeName) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(attributeOldValue))
18 {
19 return;
20 }
21 else
22 {
23 XmlNodeList nls = xe.ChildNodes;
24 if (nls != null && nls.Count > 0)
25 {
26 foreach (XmlNode xn1 in nls)//遍历
27 {
28 XmlElement xe2 = (XmlElement)xn1;//转换类型
29 if (xe2.InnerText == attributeOldValue)//如果找到
30 {
31 xe2.InnerText = attributeNewValue;//则修改
32 break;//找到退出来就可以了
33 }
34 }
35 }
36 }
37 }
38 SaveXml(path);
39 }
40 catch (Exception)
41 {
42
43 throw;
44 }
45 }
1 /// <summary>
2 /// 修改节点属性值操作
3 /// </summary>
4 /// <param name="path">xml文件路径</param>
5 /// <param name="rootNode">根节点名称，如：bookstore</param>
6 /// <param name="attributeName">节点属性名</param>
7 /// <param name="attributeOldValue">节点属性原来值</param>
8 /// <param name="attributeNewValue">节点属性修改后的值</param>
9 public void UpdateNodeAttribute(string path, string rootNode, string attributeName, string attributeOldValue, string attributeNewValue)
10 {
11 try
12 {
13 XmlNodeList nodeList = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode).ChildNodes;//获取根节点的所有子节点
14 foreach (XmlNode xn in nodeList)//遍历所有子节点
15 {
16 XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;//将子节点类型专程xmlelement类型
17 if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(attributeName) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(attributeOldValue))
18 {
19 return;
20 }
21 else
22 {
23 if (xe.GetAttribute(attributeName) == attributeOldValue)
24 {
25 xe.SetAttribute(attributeName, attributeNewValue);
26 }
27 }
28 }
29 SaveXml(path);
30 }
31 catch (Exception)
32 {
33
34 throw;
35 }
36 }
1 /// <summary>
2 /// 插入节点操作
3 /// </summary>
4 /// <param name="path">xml文件路径</param>
5 /// <param name="rootNode">根节点名称，如：bookstore</param>
6 /// <param name="node">节点名称，如：book</param>
7 /// <param name="nodeAttributes">节点的属性-属性值集合</param>
8 /// <param name="childAttributes">节点子节点名称-内容</param>
9 public void InsertNode(string path, string rootNode, string node, Dictionary<string, string> nodeAttributes, Dictionary<string, string> childAttributes)
10 {
11 try
12 {
13 XmlNode root = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode);//找到根节点bookstore
14 XmlElement xe1 = XmlDoc.CreateElement(node);//创建子节点book
15 if (nodeAttributes != null && nodeAttributes.Count > 0)
16 {
17 foreach (var n in nodeAttributes)
18 {
19 xe1.SetAttribute(n.Key, n.Value);
20 }
21 }
22 if (childAttributes != null && childAttributes.Count > 0)
23 {
24 XmlElement xesub1;
25 foreach (var n in childAttributes)
26 {
27 xesub1 = XmlDoc.CreateElement(n.Key);
28 xesub1.InnerText = n.Value;
29 xe1.AppendChild(xesub1);//添加到<book>节点中
30 }
31 }
32 root.AppendChild(xe1);
33 SaveXml(path);
34 }
35 catch (Exception)
36 {
37
38 throw;
39 }
40 }
调用：
1 string path = Server.MapPath("Books.xml");
2 XmlHelper xHelper = new XmlHelper(path);
3 /*插入*/
4 //Dictionary<string, string> dc1 = new Dictionary<string, string>();
5 //dc1.Add("genre", "李赞红");
6 //dc1.Add("ISBN", "2-3631-4");
7 //Dictionary<strin插入g, string> dc2 = new Dictionary<string, string>();
8 //dc2.Add("title", "CS从入门到精通");
9 //dc2.Add("author", "候捷");
10 //dc2.Add("price", "58.3");
11 //xHelper.InsertNode(path, "bookstore", "book", dc1, dc2);
12
13 /*修改*/
14 //xHelper.UpdateNodeAttribute(path, "bookstore", "genre", "李赞红", "李");
15 //xHelper.UpdateChildNodeAttribute(path, "bookstore", "title", "CS从入门到精通", "cs");
16
17 /*删除节点*/
18 //xHelper.DeleteNode(path, "bookstore", "genre", "李");
19
20 //Response.Write(xHelper.GetNodeAttribute(path, "bookstore", "genre"));
21 //Response.Write(xHelper.GetNodeChildAttribute(path, "bookstore", "price"));
4、通过xml数据绑定
xml转DataTable
1 public DataTable XmlToData(string path, string rootNode, params string[] columns)
2 {
3 DataTable dt = new DataTable();
4 XmlNodeList xn = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode).ChildNodes;
5 try
6 {
7 if (columns.Length > 0)
8 {
9 DataColumn dc;
10 for (int i = 0; i < columns.Length; i++)
11 {
12 dc = new DataColumn(columns[i]);
13 dt.Columns.Add(dc);
14 }
15 foreach (XmlNode xnf in xn)
16 {
17 XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xnf;
18 XmlNodeList xnf1 = xe.ChildNodes;
19 int i = 0;
20 DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
21 foreach (XmlNode xn2 in xnf1)
22 {
23 dr[i] = xn2.InnerText;
24 i++;
25 }
26 dt.Rows.Add(dr);
27 }
28 }
29 }
30 catch (Exception)
31 {
32
33 throw;
34 }
35 return dt;
36
37 }
调用：
1 //string[] arr = { "title", "author", "price" };
2 //GridView1.DataSource = xHelper.XmlToData(path, "bookstore", arr);
3 //GridView1.DataBind();
DataTable转xml
1 /*datatable转xml*/
2 public string DataTableToXml(DataTable dt)
3 {
4 if (dt != null)
5 {
6 MemoryStream ms = null;
7 XmlTextWriter XmlWt = null;
8 try
9 {
10 ms = new MemoryStream();
11 //根据ms实例化XmlWt
12 XmlWt = new XmlTextWriter(ms, Encoding.Unicode);
13 //获取ds中的数据
14 dt.WriteXml(XmlWt);
15 int count = (int)ms.Length;
16 byte[] temp = new byte[count];
17 ms.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
18 ms.Read(temp, 0, count);
19 //返回Unicode编码的文本
20 UnicodeEncoding ucode = new UnicodeEncoding();
21 string returnValue = ucode.GetString(temp).Trim();
22 return returnValue;
23 }
24 catch (System.Exception ex)
25 {
26 throw ex;
27 }
28 finally
29 {
30 //释放资源
31 if (XmlWt != null)
32 {
33 XmlWt.Close();
34 ms.Close();
35 ms.Dispose();
36 }
37 }
38 }
39 else
40 {
41 return "";
42 }
43 }
调用：
1 //bool s = xHelper.CDataToXmlFile(xHelper.XmlToData(path, "bookstore", arr), "Bookss.xml","book");
5、xml序列化反序列化
1 [Serializable]
2 public class Person
3 {
4 public string Name { get; set; }
5 public int Age { get; set; }
6 }
1 public class CXmlSerializer<T> where T : new()
2 {
3 private static XmlSerializer _Serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
4
5 public static string Serialize(T t)
6 {
7 string s = "";
8 using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
9 {
10 _Serializer.Serialize(ms, t);
11 s = System.Text.UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray());
12 }
13 return s;
14 }
15
16 public static T Deserialize(string s)
17 {
18 T t;
19 using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(s)))
20 {
21 t = (T)_Serializer.Deserialize(ms);
22 }
23 return t;
24 }
25 }
调用：
1 List<Person> list = new List<Person> { new Person { Name = "Xuj", Age = 20 }, new Person { Name = "duj", Age = 20 }, new Person { Name = "fuj", Age = 20 } };
2 string s = CXmlSerializer<List<Person>>.Serialize(list);
