实验5

源代码1.1;

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 5
 3 
 4 void input(int x[], int n);
 5 void output(int x[], int n);
 6 void find_min_max(int x[], int n, int *pmin, int *pmax);
 7 
 8 int main() {
 9     int a[N];
10     int min, max;
11 
12     printf("录入%d个数据:\n", N);
13     input(a, N);
14 
15     printf("数据是: \n");
16     output(a, N);
17 
18     printf("数据处理...\n");
19     find_min_max(a, N, &min, &max);
20 
21     printf("输出结果:\n");
22     printf("min = %d, max = %d\n", min, max);
23 
24     return 0;
25 }
26 
27 void input(int x[], int n) {
28     int i;
29 
30     for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
31         scanf("%d", &x[i]);
32 }
33 
34 void output(int x[], int n) {
35     int i;
36     
37     for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
38         printf("%d ", x[i]);
39     printf("\n");
40 }
41 
42 void find_min_max(int x[], int n, int *pmin, int *pmax) {
43     int i;
44     
45     *pmin = *pmax = x[0];
46 
47     for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
48         if(x[i] < *pmin)
49             *pmin = x[i];
50         else if(x[i] > *pmax)
51             *pmax = x[i];
52 }

截图1.1;

问题;

找出五个数中的最大值和最小值;

min,max

源代码1.2;

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 5
 3 
 4 void input(int x[], int n);
 5 void output(int x[], int n);
 6 int *find_max(int x[], int n);
 7 
 8 int main() {
 9     int a[N];
10     int *pmax;
11 
12     printf("录入%d个数据:\n", N);
13     input(a, N);
14 
15     printf("数据是: \n");
16     output(a, N);
17 
18     printf("数据处理...\n");
19     pmax = find_max(a, N);
20 
21     printf("输出结果:\n");
22     printf("max = %d\n", *pmax);
23 
24     return 0;
25 }
26 
27 void input(int x[], int n) {
28     int i;
29 
30     for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
31         scanf("%d", &x[i]);
32 }
33 
34 void output(int x[], int n) {
35     int i;
36     
37     for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
38         printf("%d ", x[i]);
39     printf("\n");
40 }
41 
42 int *find_max(int x[], int n) {
43     int max_index = 0;
44     int i;
45 
46     for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
47         if(x[i] > x[max_index])
48             max_index = i;
49     
50     return &x[max_index];
51 }

截图1.2;

问题;

最大值;

不可以,返回的指针指向无效的地址

源代码2.1;

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <string.h>
 3 #define N 80
 4 
 5 int main() {
 6     char s1[N] = "Learning makes me happy";
 7     char s2[N] = "Learning makes me sleepy";
 8     char tmp[N];
 9 
10     printf("sizeof(s1) vs. strlen(s1): \n");
11     printf("sizeof(s1) = %d\n", sizeof(s1));
12     printf("strlen(s1) = %d\n", strlen(s1));
13 
14     printf("\nbefore swap: \n");
15     printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
16     printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
17 
18     printf("\nswapping...\n");
19     strcpy(tmp, s1);
20     strcpy(s1, s2);
21     strcpy(s2, tmp);
22 
23     printf("\nafter swap: \n");
24     printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
25     printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
26 
27     return 0;
28 }

截图2.1;

 

问题;

1:80字节

2:s1所占字节数

3:s1中字符的个数

不能,不能对已定义的数组整体赋值

交换了

源代码2.2;

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <string.h>
 3 #define N 80
 4 
 5 int main() {
 6     char *s1 = "Learning makes me happy";
 7     char *s2 = "Learning makes me sleepy";
 8     char *tmp;
 9 
10     printf("sizeof(s1) vs. strlen(s1): \n");
11     printf("sizeof(s1) = %d\n", sizeof(s1));
12     printf("strlen(s1) = %d\n", strlen(s1));
13 
14     printf("\nbefore swap: \n");
15     printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
16     printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
17 
18     printf("\nswapping...\n");
19     tmp = s1;
20     s1 = s2;
21     s2 = tmp;
22 
23     printf("\nafter swap: \n");
24     printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
25     printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
26 
27     return 0;
28 }

截图2.2;

 

问题;

存放的是learning makes me happy的首地址

s1所占内存大小

s1中字符个数

可以;第一种是在声明时赋值,第二种是先声明后赋值

交换的是s1,s2的地址,没有交换

源代码3;

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 
 3 int main() {
 4     int x[2][4] = {{1, 9, 8, 4}, {2, 0, 4, 9}};
 5     int i, j;
 6     int *ptr1;     // 指针变量,存放int类型数据的地址
 7     int(*ptr2)[4]; // 指针变量,指向包含4个int元素的一维数组
 8 
 9     printf("输出1: 使用数组名、下标直接访问二维数组元素\n");
10     for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
11         for (j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
12             printf("%d ", x[i][j]);
13         printf("\n");
14     }
15 
16     printf("\n输出2: 使用指针变量ptr1(指向元素)间接访问\n");
17     for (ptr1 = &x[0][0], i = 0; ptr1 < &x[0][0] + 8; ++ptr1, ++i) {
18         printf("%d ", *ptr1);
19 
20         if ((i + 1) % 4 == 0)
21             printf("\n");
22     }
23                          
24     printf("\n输出3: 使用指针变量ptr2(指向一维数组)间接访问\n");
25     for (ptr2 = x; ptr2 < x + 2; ++ptr2) {
26         for (j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
27             printf("%d ", *(*ptr2 + j));
28         printf("\n");
29     }
30 
31     return 0;
32 }

截图3;

 

问题;

1.ptr是指针变量,指向包含4个int元素的一维数组

2.ptr是一个数组的名称

源代码4;

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 80
 3 
 4 void replace(char *str, char old_char, char new_char); // 函数声明
 5 
 6 int main() {
 7     char text[N] = "Programming is difficult or not, it is a question.";
 8 
 9     printf("原始文本: \n");
10     printf("%s\n", text);
11 
12     replace(text, 'i', '*'); // 函数调用 注意字符形参写法,单引号不能少
13 
14     printf("处理后文本: \n");
15     printf("%s\n", text);
16 
17     return 0;
18 }
19 
20 // 函数定义
21 void replace(char *str, char old_char, char new_char) {
22     int i;
23 
24     while(*str) {
25         if(*str == old_char)
26             *str = new_char;
27         str++;
28     }
29 }

 

截图4;

 

问题;将传入的字符串 str 中指定的字符 old_char 替换为字符 new_char 

可以

源代码5;

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 80
 3 
 4 char *str_trunc(char *str, char x);
 5 
 6 int main() {
 7     char str[N];
 8     char ch;
 9 
10     while(printf("输入字符串: "), gets(str) != NULL) {
11         printf("输入一个字符: ");
12         ch = getchar();
13 
14         printf("截断处理...\n");
15         str_trunc(str, ch);         // 函数调用
16 
17         printf("截断处理后的字符串: %s\n\n", str);
18         getchar();
19     }
20 
21     return 0;
22 }
23 char *str_trunc(char *str,char x){
24     int i=0;
25     while(str[i]!='\0'){
26         if(str[i]==x){
27             str[i]='\0';
28             break;
29         }
30         i++;
31     }
32     return str;
33     
34 } 

截图5;

问题;getchar会读取换行符

源代码6;

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <string.h>
 3 #define N 5
 4 
 5 int check_id(char *str); // 函数声明
 6 
 7 int main()
 8 {
 9     char *pid[N] = {"31010120000721656X",
10                     "3301061996X0203301",
11                     "53010220051126571",
12                     "510104199211197977",
13                     "53010220051126133Y"};
14     int i;
15 
16     for (i = 0; i < N; ++i)
17         if (check_id(pid[i])) // 函数调用
18             printf("%s\tTrue\n", pid[i]);
19         else
20             printf("%s\tFalse\n", pid[i]);
21 
22     return 0;
23 }
24 
25 // 函数定义
26 // 功能: 检查指针str指向的身份证号码串形式上是否合法
27 // 形式合法,返回1,否则,返回0
28 int check_id(char *str) {
29     int len = strlen(str);
30     
31     if(len!=18){
32         return 0;
33     }
34     
35     int i;
36     
37     for(i=0;i<len-1;i++){
38         if(!('0'<=str[i]&&str[i]<='9')){
39             return 0;
40         }
41     }
42     
43     char lastchar = str[len-1];
44     if(lastchar == 'X'){
45         return 1;    
46     }
47     else if('0'<=lastchar&&lastchar<='9'){
48         return 1;
49     }
50     else{
51         return 0;
52     }
53 }

 

截图6;

源代码7;

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 80
 3 void encoder(char *str, int n);
 4 void decoder(char *str, int n);
 5 
 6 int main() {
 7     char words[N];
 8     int n;
 9 
10     printf("输入英文文本: ");
11     gets(words);
12 
13     printf("输入n: ");
14     scanf("%d", &n);
15 
16     printf("编码后的英文文本: ");
17     encoder(words, n);
18     printf("%s\n", words);
19 
20     printf("对编码后的英文文本解码: ");
21     decoder(words, n);
22     printf("%s\n", words);
23 
24     return 0;
25 }
26 
27 void encoder(char *str, int n) {
28      while (*str!= '\0') {
29         if ((*str >= 'a' && *str <= 'z') || (*str >= 'A' && *str <= 'Z')) {
30             if (*str >= 'a' && *str <= 'z') {
31                 *str = ((*str - 'a') + n) % 26 + 'a';
32             } else if (*str >= 'A' && *str <= 'Z') {
33                 *str = ((*str - 'A') + n) % 26 + 'A';
34             }
35         }
36         str++;
37     }
38 }
39 
40 void decoder(char *str, int n) {
41      while (*str!= '\0') {
42         if ((*str >= 'a' && *str <= 'z') || (*str >= 'A' && *str <= 'Z')) {
43             if (*str >= 'a' && *str <= 'z') {
44                 *str = ((*str - 'a') - n + 26) % 26 + 'a';
45             } else if (*str >= 'A' && *str <= 'Z') {
46                 *str = ((*str - 'A') - n + 26) % 26 + 'A';
47             }
48         }
49         str++;
50     }
51 }

 

截图7;

 

源代码8;

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <string.h>
 3 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 4     int i,j;
 5     char* temp;
 6     for(i = 1; i < argc; i++){
 7         for(j=1;j<argc-i;j++){
 8             if(strcmp(argv[j],argv[j+1])>0){
 9                 temp = argv[j];
10                 argv[j] = argv[j+1];
11                 argv[j+1] = temp;
12             }
13 
14         }
15     }
16 
17     for(i = 1; i < argc; ++i)
18         printf("hello, %s\n", argv[i]);
19 
20     return 0;
21 }

截图8;

 

posted @ 2024-12-08 18:14  杨启霖  阅读(9)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报