python接口自动化25-发xml格式post请求

前言

post请求相对于get请求多一个body部分,body部分常见的数据类型有以下四种(注意是常见的,并不是只有4种)

  • application/x-www-form-urlencoded
  • application/json
  • text/xml
  • multipart/form-data

本篇讲xml这种类型的body案例,如何用python去实现

text/xml

1.首先要确定post请求的body部分类型是xml格式,可以用fiddler抓包工具,抓到请求后点开raw。看到body部分格式如下

<?xml version=“1.0” encoding = “UTF-8”?>
<COM>
<REQ name="上海-悠悠">
<USER_ID>yoyoketang</USER_ID>
<COMMODITY_ID>123456</COMMODITY_ID>
<SESSION_ID>absbnmasbnfmasbm1213</SESSION_ID>
</REQ>
</COM>

使用fiddler模拟

1.先不着急去写python代码,先在工具上请求一次,看能不能请求成功,点开fiddler工具上composer菜单

2.将xml数据直接复制到右下方Request Body部分,然后点右上角Execute就能执行了

python实现

1.xml格式的body部分直接写成一个字符串类型就行了,遇到换行的字符串,在后面加个反斜杠

2.body参数用data去接收传入,要是遇到编码问题报错,就对body部分encode下再传入

# coding:utf-8
import requests

# 作者:上海-悠悠 QQ交流群:730246532
url = "http://httpbin.org/post"

# python3字符串换行,在右边加个反斜杠
body = '<?xml version="1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>' \
       '<COM>' \
       '<REQ name="上海-悠悠">' \
       '<USER_ID>yoyoketang</USER_ID>' \
       '<COMMODITY_ID>123456</COMMODITY_ID>' \
       '<SESSION_ID>absbnmasbnfmasbm1213</SESSION_ID>' \
       '</REQ>' \
       '</COM>'

# 遇到编码报错时候,对body进行encode
r = requests.post(url, data=body.encode("utf-8"))
print(r.text)

3.运行结果

{"args":{},"data":"<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding = \"UTF-8\"?><COM><REQ name=\"\u4e0a\u6d77-\u60a0\u60a0\"><USER_ID>yoyoketang</USER_ID><COMMODITY_ID>123456</COMMODITY_ID><SESSION_ID>absbnmasbnfmasbm1213</SESSION_ID></REQ></COM>","files":{},"form":{},"headers":{"Accept":"*/*","Accept-Encoding":"gzip, deflate","Connection":"close","Content-Length":"192","Host":"httpbin.org","User-Agent":"python-requests/2.18.4"},"json":null,"origin":"116.228.224.250","url":"http://httpbin.org/post"}

读xml数据

1.xml格式的数据写到代码里面,不太直观,后期维护也不方便,可以把xml格式数据单独拿出来写到一个文件里,再用open函数去读取

2.新建一个body1_xml文件,写入内容如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<COM>
<REQ name="上海-悠悠">
<USER_ID>yoyoketang</USER_ID>
<COMMODITY_ID>123456</COMMODITY_ID>
<SESSION_ID>absbnmasbnfmasbm1213</SESSION_ID>
</REQ>
</COM>

3.用open函数去读xml内容

# coding:utf-8
import os
# 作者:上海-悠悠 QQ交流群:730246532

curpath = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
xmlpath = os.path.join(curpath, "body1_xml")

with open(xmlpath, encoding="utf-8") as fp:
    body = fp.read()


# 读取xml文件
print(body)

3.参考代码:

# coding:utf-8
import requests
# 作者:上海-悠悠 QQ交流群:730246532

url = "http://httpbin.org/post"

# xml格式body
with open("body1_xml", encoding="utf-8") as fp:
    body = fp.read()
print(body)


# 遇到编码报错时候,对body进行encode
r = requests.post(url, data=body.encode("utf-8"))

print(r.text)

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posted @ 2018-07-09 19:48  上海-悠悠  阅读(8532)  评论(1编辑  收藏  举报