python接口自动化16-multipart/form-data上传图片

前言

在提交表单操作的时候,经常会遇到图片上传的操作,图片上传是一个单独的接口,本篇以禅道为例,介绍如何上传图片

上传接口

1.以禅道上提交bug为例,在选择图片时,点确定按钮,就是上传图片了

2.用fiddler抓包,查看抓到的接口,以下这种接口就是multipart/form-data

  • Content-Type: multipart/form-data
  • body参数是这种格式:

-----------------------------22165374713946
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="localUrl"

yoyoketang.png
-----------------------------22165374713946
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="imgFile"; filename="yoyoketang.png"
Content-Type: image/png

先登录

1.因为上传图片是在登录之后操作的,这个需要依赖用户登录

# coding:utf-8
import requests

base = 'http://127.0.0.1:81/'  # 禅道的服务器地址

loginUrl = base+"/zentao/user-login.html"

h = {
    "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:44.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/44.0",
    "Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8",
    "Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.5,en;q=0.3",
    "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
    "Referer": "http://127.0.0.1/zentao/user-login.html",
    # "Cookie":  # 头部没登录前不用传cookie,因为这里cookie就是保持登录的
    "Connection": "keep-alive",
    "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
    }

body = {"account":"admin",
        "password":"e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e",
        "keepLogin[]":"on",
        "referer":"http://127.0.0.1/zentao/my/"
        }

s = requests.session()  # 保持会话
r = s.post(loginUrl, data=body, headers=h)
print r.content  # 打印结果看到location='http://127.0.0.1/zentao/my/'说明登录成功了

上传图片

1.上传图片以下这种格式:
-----------------------------22165374713946
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="localUrl"

yoyoketang.png
-----------------------------22165374713946
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="imgFile"; filename="yoyoketang.png"
Content-Type: image/png

2.写成字典格式,key对应name="imgFile"这里name对应的值

3.value里面是一个元组()

  • 第一个参数是filename=后面对应的值,没有就写None
  • 第二个是上面的这个值“”yoyoketang.png“”,或者是文件open打开的二进制流
  • 第三个是Content-Type对应的类型,如:"image/png"

f ={
"localUrl": (None,"1.png"),
"imgFile": ("1.png", open("d:\1.png", "rb"), "image/png")
}

验证是否上传成功

1.获取上传后的地址,放到浏览器的地址栏请求下,看是不是刚才上传的图片

参考代码

# coding:utf-8
import requests

base = 'http://127.0.0.1:81/'  # 禅道的服务器地址

loginUrl = base+"/zentao/user-login.html"

h = {
    "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:44.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/44.0",
    "Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8",
    "Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.5,en;q=0.3",
    "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
    "Referer": "http://127.0.0.1/zentao/user-login.html",
    # "Cookie":  # 头部没登录前不用传cookie,因为这里cookie就是保持登录的
    "Connection": "keep-alive",
    "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
    }

body = {"account":"admin",
        "password":"e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e",
        "keepLogin[]":"on",
        "referer":"http://127.0.0.1/zentao/my/"
        }

s = requests.session()  # 保持会话
r = s.post(loginUrl, data=body, headers=h)
print r.content  # 打印结果看到location='http://127.0.0.1/zentao/my/'说明登录成功了

# 上传图片
url1 = "http://127.0.0.1:81/zentao/file-ajaxUpload-5a26aca290b59.html?dir=image"

f ={
    "localUrl": (None,"1.png"),
    "imgFile": ("1.png", open("d:\\1.png", "rb"), "image/png")
  }
r = s.post(url1, files=f)
try:
    jpgurl = base+r.json()["url"]
    print(u"上传图片后的url地址:%s"%jpgurl)
except Exception as msg:
    print(u"返回值不是json格式:%s"%str(msg))
    print(r.content)

---------------------------------python接口自动化完整版-------------------------

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posted @ 2018-07-21 13:34  上海-悠悠  阅读(10367)  评论(6编辑  收藏  举报