利用maven/eclipse搭建ssm(spring+spring mvc+mybatis)
前言
此种方式已过时,不再推荐,当下推荐方式:自我救赎 → 利用 IDEA 和 Spring Boot 搭建 SSM
本文旨在利用maven搭建ssm环境,而关于maven的具体内容,大家可以去阅读《Maven 实战》。其实园内这方面文章已有不少,那么为什么我还要重复造轮子呢?我只是想记录自己的实践过程罢了,附带着给别人以参考。对于别人的博文,看了固然好,要是能付之实践,那就更好了!
一直在对整个工程做一些配置上的优化,具体代码可以从我的github下载
基于目前spring-boot的火热,工程慢慢往springboot上转,码云地址:https://gitee.com/youzhibing/spring-boot-2.0.3
maven搭建
安装过程挺简单的,去apache下载apache-maven的zip包,解压到一个目录下,如下图
接下来配置windows环境,右击我的电脑--》属性--》高级系统设置--》环境变量--》系统变量--》新建,如下图
就是你解压的maven的home目录;接着编辑系统变量的Path,如图
其实跟配置java环境是一样的,最后几个连续确定之后就好了,这几个确定一定要点,不然配置不会保存,更不会生效! home路径一定要写自己的,别搬我的呀!路径最好是拷贝,手动输入太容易出错了。
接下来验证环境是否配置成功,打开命令行,输入mvn -v 如果出现下图的信息,那么恭喜你,配置成功了!当然,信息可能有些许出入,如版本不同等,这些不用在意。
Eclipse(java ee版)集成maven
一般而言,新的eclipse都已经集成了maven,如果没有那么就安装,点击eclipse菜单栏Help->Eclipse Marketplace搜索关键字maven到插件Maven Integration for Eclipse 并点击安装即可,接下来将eclipse集成的maven换成我们自己的,而不用eclipse自带的,重新定位,点击Window -> Preference -> Maven -> Installation -> Add进行设置,如下图
设置完成,那么eclipse配置maven就完成了,myeclipse配置和这个是一样的。
创建ssm项目
选择建立Maven Project 选择File -> New -> Other,在New窗口中选择 Maven -> Maven Project;点击next,如下图
选择项目路径,如下图,然后next
选择项目类型 选择Artifact Id为maven-archetype-webapp那一项,如下图
输入Group ID和 Artifact ID,以及Package,具体Group ID和 Artifact ID代表什么,可以去阅读《Maven 实战》,Group ID相当于一个组织,而Artifact ID相当于这个组织下的一个具体项目,Packege的话会根据你的Group ID和Artifact ID生成一个默认的名称,就用默认的就可以,如下图
点finish之后,项目结构如下图
若目录结构和上面的有差别,那么将perspective改成Java模式就好了。上面的目录结构离标准的maven web结构还有一点差别,少了一个文件夹src/test/resources,我们手动创建下,右键项目根目录点击New -> Source Folder,建出这个文件夹,如下图:
Finish之后,项目结构图如下所示:
把项目变成Dynamic Web项目右键项目,properties --》Project Facets,点击Convert to faceted fro,勾上Dynamic Web Module,并将Version为2.3。(3.0为Java7的)。
设置部署程序集(Web Deployment Assembly)
上面步骤设置完成后,点击OK,再右键项目,选择properties --》Deployment Assembly,如下图
此处列表是,部署项目时,文件发布的路径。
(1)我们删除test的两项,因为test是测试使用,并不需要部署。
(2)设置将Maven的jar包发布到lib下。
Add -> JavaBuild Path Entries -> Maven Dependencies -> Finish
设置完成效果图
构建框架
在pom.xml中添加所需要的jar包,内容如下图
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.lee.mvnbook</groupId> <artifactId>maven-ssm-web</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>maven-ssm-web Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <!-- spring版本号 --> <spring.version>4.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version> <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- spring核心包 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- 添加MyBatis依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.3.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.38</version> </dependency> <!-- 阿里巴巴的数据库连接池 --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>1.0.26</version> </dependency> <!-- spring结成mybatis --> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>1.2.3</version> </dependency> <!-- jsp标准标签库 --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.16</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>1.6.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-nop</artifactId> <version>1.6.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.7</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>maven-ssm-web</finalName> </build> </project>
如果依赖不知道怎么写,比如groupId、artifactId、version不知道填什么,那么直接上http://search.maven.org/搜,对应着填写就可以了,如下图
保存pom.xml,maven就会帮我们下载我们配置的所有jar包了,jar包依赖的jar包也会自动下载,是不是很方便!当然,这个下载可能需要较长的时间,不要急,当eclipse右下角的百分比进度没有了,就下载好了。jar包下载完成后,项目结构图如下
配置文件
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> <display-name>SSM configuration</display-name> <!-- 解决工程编码过滤器 --> <filter> <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- 配置文件所在位置 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring.xml,classpath:mybatis-spring.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!-- Spring配置(监听器) --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- SpringMVC配置 --> <servlet> <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
spring.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <!-- 自动注入 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.huawei.service.impl" /> <!-- 加载properties文件 --> <!-- <bean id="configProperties" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean"> <property name="locations"> <list> <value>classpath:mysqldb.properties</value> </list> </property> </bean> --> </beans>
mybatis-spring.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <!-- 配置数据源 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"> <!-- 基本属性 url、user、password --> <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.100:3306/mybatis" /> <property name="username" value="root" /> <property name="password" value="root" /> <property name="initialSize" value="1" /> <property name="minIdle" value="1" /> <property name="maxActive" value="20" /> <property name="maxWait" value="60000" /> <!-- 超过时间限制是否回收 --> <property name="removeAbandoned" value="true" /> <!-- 超过时间限制多长; --> <property name="removeAbandonedTimeout" value="180" /> <!-- 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测,检测需要关闭的空闲连接,单位是毫秒 --> <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000" /> <!-- 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间,单位是毫秒 --> <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="300000" /> <!-- 用来检测连接是否有效的sql,要求是一个查询语句--> <property name="validationQuery" value="SELECT 1" /> <!-- 申请连接的时候检测 --> <property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" /> <!-- 申请连接时执行validationQuery检测连接是否有效,配置为true会降低性能 --> <property name="testOnBorrow" value="false" /> <!-- 归还连接时执行validationQuery检测连接是否有效,配置为true会降低性能 --> <property name="testOnReturn" value="false" /> </bean> <!-- Mybatis文件 --> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml" /> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <!-- 映射文件路径 --> <!-- <property name="mapperLocations" value="com/huawei/mapping/*.xml" />--> </bean> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <property name="basePackage" value="com.huawei.dao" /> <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" /> </bean> <!-- 事务管理器 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" /> </beans>
spring-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd "> <!-- 启用spring mvc 注解 --> <context:annotation-config /> <!-- 设置使用注解的类所在的jar包 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.huawei.controller" /> <!-- 完成请求和注解POJO的映射 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" /> <!-- 对转向页面的路径解析。prefix:前缀, suffix:后缀 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" p:prefix="/" p:suffix=".jsp" /> </beans>
mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 全局别名设置,在映射文件中只需写别名,而不必写出整个类路径 -->
<typeAliases>
<typeAlias type="com.huawei.model.Person" alias="Person"/>
</typeAliases>
<mappers>
<mapper resource="com/huawei/mapping/PersonMapper.xml" />
</mappers>
</configuration>
log4j.properties
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, stdout log4j.logger.org.mybatis=DEBUG log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p %d %C: %m%n
mysqldb.properties
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.100:3306/mybatis jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=root jdbc.initialSize=1 jdbc.minIdle=1 jdbc.maxActive=20 jdbc.maxWait=60000 jdbc.removeAbandoned=true jdbc.removeAbandonedTimeout=180 jdbc.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis=60000 jdbc.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis=300000 jdbc.validationQuery=SELECT 1 jdbc.testWhileIdle=true jdbc.testOnBorrow=false jdbc.testOnReturn=false
项目结构图如下
java文件与jsp文件
PersonController.java
package com.huawei.controller; import java.util.List; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.ui.Model; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import com.huawei.model.Person; import com.huawei.service.IPersonService; @Controller @RequestMapping("/personController") public class PersonController { private IPersonService personService; public IPersonService getPersonService() { return personService; } @Autowired public void setPersonService(IPersonService personService) { this.personService = personService; } @RequestMapping("/showPerson") public String showPersons(Model model){ List<Person> persons = personService.loadPersons(); model.addAttribute("persons", persons); return "showperson"; } }
PersonMapper.java
package com.huawei.dao; import java.util.List; import com.huawei.model.Person; public interface PersonMapper { /** * 插入一条记录 * @param person */ void insert(Person person); /** * 查询所有 * @return */ List<Person> queryAll(); }
PersonMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.huawei.dao.PersonMapper"> <!-- 查询所有person --> <select id="queryAll" resultType="Person" > select * from person </select> </mapper>
Person.java
package com.huawei.model; /** * person 实体 * @author Administrator * */ public class Person { private int id; private String name; private int age; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } @Override public String toString() { return "Person [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]"; } }
IPersonService.java
package com.huawei.service; import java.util.List; import com.huawei.model.Person; public interface IPersonService { /** * 加载全部的person * @return */ List<Person> loadPersons(); }
PersonServiceImpl.java
package com.huawei.service.impl; import java.util.List; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import com.huawei.dao.PersonMapper; import com.huawei.model.Person; import com.huawei.service.IPersonService; @Service("personService") public class PersonServiceImpl implements IPersonService { private PersonMapper personMapper; public PersonMapper getPersonMapper() { return personMapper; } @Autowired public void setPersonMapper(PersonMapper personMapper) { this.personMapper = personMapper; } @Override public List<Person> loadPersons() { return personMapper.queryAll(); } }
showperson.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="utf-8"%> <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"> <title>person list</title> </head> <body> <table> <tr> <th>姓名</th> <th>年龄</th> </tr> <c:forEach items="${persons}" var="person"> <tr> <td>${person.name }</td> <td>${person.age }</td> </tr> </c:forEach> </table> </body> </html>
mysql数据库表
最终效果
那么恭喜你,也恭喜我,搭建ssm成功了!
后话
用心的小伙伴应该发现了,前面的windows配置maven和我们用eclipse搭建ssm没有一点关系,确实和ssm搭建没有什么卵关系,我写出来是为什么了,就是有时候我们不用IDE工具,而在dos命令下利用maven搭建我们的项目的时候,那么windows配置maven就需用到了!
搭建过程中如果有什么问题,可以试着在评论区找答案,或者在关于利用maven搭建ssm的博客,我们一起来探讨下问的最多的问题中找答案