100题_02 设计包含min函数的栈
题目:定义栈的数据结构,要求添加一个min函数,能够得到栈的最小元素。要求函数min、push以及pop的时间复杂度都是O(1)。
分析:这题的主要限制在时间复杂度为O(1),首先想到的肯定是以空间换时间。这里我们给栈里面的每个元素,若是最小元素,就让他带一个指向上一个最小元素的域,这样就很容易就实现了。
以下是代码
View Code
#pragma once
template <typename T>
class stack;
template <typename T>
class stack_node
{
friend class stack<T>;
private:
T data;
int smin; // 如果当前结点为最小结点,指向该结点压入前的最小结点位置
};
template <typename T>
class stack
{
public:
stack(int size = 10)
{
this->size = size;
a = new stack_node<T>[size];
top = -1;
min_index = -1;
}
~stack()
{
delete[] a;
}
bool is_empty()
{
if (top == -1)
return true;
else
return false;
}
bool is_full()
{
if (top == size - 1)
return true;
else
return false;
}
T min()
{
if (is_empty())
throw "stack is empty";
return a[min_index].data;
}
void push(T data)
{
if (is_full())
throw "stack is full";
top ++;
a[top].data = data;
if (min_index == -1 || a[min_index].data > data)
{
a[top].smin = min_index;
min_index = top;
}
}
T pop()
{
if (is_empty())
throw "stack is empty";
if (top == min_index)
min_index = a[top].smin;
return a[top--].data;
}
T peek()
{
if (is_empty())
throw "stack is empty";
return a[top];
}
private:
stack_node<T> *a;
int top;
int min_index;
int size;
};
template <typename T>
class stack;
template <typename T>
class stack_node
{
friend class stack<T>;
private:
T data;
int smin; // 如果当前结点为最小结点,指向该结点压入前的最小结点位置
};
template <typename T>
class stack
{
public:
stack(int size = 10)
{
this->size = size;
a = new stack_node<T>[size];
top = -1;
min_index = -1;
}
~stack()
{
delete[] a;
}
bool is_empty()
{
if (top == -1)
return true;
else
return false;
}
bool is_full()
{
if (top == size - 1)
return true;
else
return false;
}
T min()
{
if (is_empty())
throw "stack is empty";
return a[min_index].data;
}
void push(T data)
{
if (is_full())
throw "stack is full";
top ++;
a[top].data = data;
if (min_index == -1 || a[min_index].data > data)
{
a[top].smin = min_index;
min_index = top;
}
}
T pop()
{
if (is_empty())
throw "stack is empty";
if (top == min_index)
min_index = a[top].smin;
return a[top--].data;
}
T peek()
{
if (is_empty())
throw "stack is empty";
return a[top];
}
private:
stack_node<T> *a;
int top;
int min_index;
int size;
};
测试代码
View Code
#include "stack.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
stack<int> s(20);
s.push(10);
cout<<s.min()<<endl;
s.push(100);
cout<<s.min()<<endl;
s.push(3);
cout<<s.min()<<endl;
s.push(20);
cout<<s.min()<<endl;
s.push(17);
cout<<s.min()<<endl;
s.pop();
cout<<s.min()<<endl;
s.pop();
cout<<s.min()<<endl;
s.pop();
cout<<s.min()<<endl;
s.pop();
cout<<s.min()<<endl;
return 0;
}
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
stack<int> s(20);
s.push(10);
cout<<s.min()<<endl;
s.push(100);
cout<<s.min()<<endl;
s.push(3);
cout<<s.min()<<endl;
s.push(20);
cout<<s.min()<<endl;
s.push(17);
cout<<s.min()<<endl;
s.pop();
cout<<s.min()<<endl;
s.pop();
cout<<s.min()<<endl;
s.pop();
cout<<s.min()<<endl;
s.pop();
cout<<s.min()<<endl;
return 0;
}
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