A list of topics for advanced computer vision from 2003 to 2010, interestingly, if you make a comparison.
2003 (Link)
Texture synthesis
Image completion
Separating style from content
Semantics of words and pictures
Multi-scale Stochastic Modeling and Estimation
Space-Time Stereo
Subspace methods for rigid and non-rigid motions
Animating human motion
Fast detection and matching
Rendering and reconstruction under complex BRDFs
Kernel methods
Classification by multiple decision trees
2004 (Link)
Visual Imitation: Linking Vision and Action
Matching with Invariant Features
Object Recognition and Classification
A Bayesian Approach to Recognition
Approximate Nearest Neighbor (Local Sensitive Hashing) - Theory
Approximate Nearest Neighbor - Applications to Vision and Matching
Action Recognition
Mean Shift
Information Bottleneck - Theory and Applications
Information Bottleneck vs. Maximum Likelihood
The "Gist" of a Scene
2006 (Link)
Estimating scene geometry and discovering objects using a soup of segments.
Level set segmentation
Video Visualization
Recognition
Combining Detection, Recognition and Segmentation
Video Object Segmentation
Background cut
Hashing, kNN in High Dimensions
Recent Progress in Optical Flow Computation
Learning Optical Flow
Matting
Illumination
Optimization
2007 (Link)
From Local to Global Visual Similarity in Space and in Time
Fast Image Search.Sound and motion, in harmony
Standard Brain Model for Vision
Multiclass SVM and Applications
CRF/DRF and Application to Human Pose
Direct visibility of point sets
Color Image Understanding
Globally Optimal Estimates for Geometric Reconstruction Problems
Image Parsing
Integral Shape Matching, Inner Distance, Diffusion Distance
Motion Blur
2009 (Link)
Sequence to sequence alignment
Human vision
Lightfield and natural image matting
Visibility constraints on features of 3D objects
Image and video descriptors -- slides
Image Descriptors
TBD
Efficient search in large image databases
Exploiting wealth of huge image libraries
Dictionaries for sparse representation modeling
Statistics of natural images
Blind deconvolution
Action recognition
Graph cuts
2010 (Link)
Denoising
Compressed Sensing
Super-Resolution (in images)
Shape from Illumination
Deep Learning
Random forests
Pascal Grand Challenge