Spring(十七)之表单处理

表单处理在实际开发中，非常常见，比如登录、注册或者新增、修改等等。

希望本示例对于初学者有一定的提升和帮助

该表单实例，主要说明MVC，相当于前台表单提交，提交相当于一个Http请求，这个请求通过Controller映射到对应的@RequestMapping,找到对应的@RequestMapping的value,即路由，经过该路由处理，将数据以Model或ModelAndView或ModelMap的形式返回给前台展示。

 

示例讲解:

一、导入依赖

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<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>   <groupId>cn.spring</groupId>   <artifactId>spring-example</artifactId>   <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>   <packaging>war</packaging>    <dependencies>     <!-- spring核心包 -->         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>             <version>4.3.13.RELEASE</version>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>             <version>4.3.13.RELEASE</version>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>             <version>4.3.13.RELEASE</version>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>             <version>4.3.13.RELEASE</version>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>aspectj</groupId>             <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>             <version>1.5.4</version>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>aspectj</groupId>             <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>             <version>1.5.4</version>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>             <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>             <version>1.9.11</version>         </dependency>         <!--mybatis核心包 -->         <dependency>             <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>             <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>             <version>3.1.1</version>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>             <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>             <version>1.1.1</version>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>mysql</groupId>             <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>             <version>5.1.21</version>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>c3p0</groupId>             <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>             <version>0.9.1.2</version>             <type>jar</type>         </dependency>         <!--打印日志 -->         <dependency>             <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>             <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>             <version>1.7.5</version>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>             <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>             <version>1.7.5</version>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>log4j</groupId>             <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>             <version>1.2.17</version>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>jstl</groupId>             <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>             <version>1.2</version>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>             <version>4.3.13.RELEASE</version>           </dependency>           <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp/jsp-api -->         <dependency>             <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>             <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>             <version>2.1</version>         </dependency>           <!-- javax.servlet-api -->         <dependency>             <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>             <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>             <version>3.1.0</version>         </dependency>           <!-- spring-web -->         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>             <version>4.3.13.RELEASE</version>         </dependency>           <!-- spring-webmvc -->         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>             <version>4.3.13.RELEASE</version>         </dependency>         <!-- 阿里巴巴fastjson -->         <dependency>             <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>             <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>             <version>1.2.41</version>         </dependency>         <!--dbcp -->         <dependency>             <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>             <artifactId>commons-dbcp2</artifactId>             <version>2.1.1</version>         </dependency>         </dependencies> </project>

 

二、编写对应的实体

package com.tutorialspoint;
public class Student {
   private Integer age;
   private String name;
   private Integer id;
   public void setAge(Integer age) {
      this.age = age;
   }
   public Integer getAge() {
      return age;
   }
   public void setName(String name) {
      this.name = name;
   }
   public String getName() {
      return name;
   }
   public void setId(Integer id) {
      this.id = id;
   }
   public Integer getId() {
      return id;
   }
}

 

三、编写对应的Controller

package com.tutorialspoint;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
@Controller
public class StudentController {
   @RequestMapping(value = "/student", method = RequestMethod.GET)
   public ModelAndView student() {
      return new ModelAndView("student", "command", new Student());
   }   
   @RequestMapping(value = "/addStudent", method = RequestMethod.POST)
   public String addStudent(@ModelAttribute("SpringWeb")Student student, 
   ModelMap model) {
      model.addAttribute("name", student.getName());
      model.addAttribute("age", student.getAge());
      model.addAttribute("id", student.getId());      
      return "result";
   }
}

ModelMap同ModelAndView相同点，将数据已键值对形式返回到前台，而前台只需知道对应的键即可，就可以获得对应的值。

当然就视图与数据分离而言，尽量不要使用ModelAndView，尽量使用Model或者ModelMap也可以。

 

四、编写jsp文件

student.jsp

<%@taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" prefix="form"%>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Spring MVC Form Handling</title>
</head>
<body>

<h2>Student Information</h2>
<form:form method="POST" action="/spring-example/addStudent">
   <table>
    <tr>
        <td><form:label path="name">Name</form:label></td>
        <td><form:input path="name" /></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td><form:label path="age">Age</form:label></td>
        <td><form:input path="age" /></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td><form:label path="id">id</form:label></td>
        <td><form:input path="id" /></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td colspan="2">
            <input type="submit" value="Submit"/>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table>  
</form:form>
</body>
</html>

 

result.jsp

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<%@taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" prefix="form"%> <html> <head>     <title>Spring MVC Form Handling</title> </head> <body>   <h2>Submitted Student Information</h2>    <table>     <tr>         <td>Name</td>         <td>${name}</td>     </tr>     <tr>         <td>Age</td>         <td>${age}</td>     </tr>     <tr>         <td>ID</td>         <td>${id}</td>     </tr> </table>  </body> </html>

 

五、HelloWeb-servlet.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">

   <context:component-scan base-package="com.tutorialspoint" />

   <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
      <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
      <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
   </bean>

</beans>

 

六、修改web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5">
  <display-name>spring-example</display-name>
  <servlet>
      <servlet-name>HelloWeb</servlet-name>
      <servlet-class>
         org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
      </servlet-class>
      <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
   </servlet>

   <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>HelloWeb</servlet-name>
      <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
   </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

 

七、启动应用

结果如图: