Android小部件Widget开发过程中的坑和总结
@
目录
概述
官方参考
效果图
放张效果图，这是我玩的桌面 app 文件夹
AndroidManifest.xml
Receiver
切记里面的字母不要弄错，最好复制粘贴再修改相对应自定义的地方就好，一个字母的错误搞了我一天，吐血
<receiver android:name=".desktop.DesktopWidget">
<meta-data
android:name="android.appwidget.provider"
android:resource="@xml/widget_desktop_options" />
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.appwidget.action.APPWIDGET_UPDATE" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
Service
如果小部件中使用到了列表项如 ListView，GridView 等，在绑定数据时需要使用 RemoteViewsService 并提供一个 RemoteViewsFactory 实例来填充数据 而非 Adapter
再提，这里面一定不能敲错字母，特别是那个 permission 也一定要有，不然无法绑定数据
<service
android:name=".desktop.DesktopViewsService"
android:permission="android.permission.BIND_REMOTEVIEWS" />
Options
res/xml/
widget_desktop_options.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<appwidget-provider xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:minWidth="40dp"
android:minHeight="40dp"
android:initialLayout="@layout/widget_desktop"
android:resizeMode="horizontal|vertical"
android:widgetCategory="home_screen">
</appwidget-provider>
常用参数
Size
-
尺寸大小最终以单元格数据来显示，但定义时为 dp
-
单元格数转换基本工式 size = 70 x cells - 30
-
如：1格 = 70 x 1 - 30 = 40dp
-
最小尺寸定义时最好不要超过 4 个单元格就是 250dp
updatePeriodMillis
更新时间毫秒数，即间隔多少时间呼叫一次 onUpdate() 方法
initialLayout
加载布局文件
Using App Widgets with Collections
小部件中使用列表项
官方参考
AppWidgetProvider
public class DesktopWidget extends AppWidgetProvider {
public String ACTION_START_ACTIVITY = "STARTACTIVITYACTION";
public DesktopWidget() {
super();
}
//当接收到广播的时候会被调用
//onUpdate, onEnabled等时都会发送广播
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
super.onReceive(context, intent);
pub.log("onReceive:" + intent.getAction());
if (intent.getAction().equals(ACTION_START_ACTIVITY)) {
String strPackage = intent.getStringExtra("app_package");
Intent appIntent = context.getPackageManager().getLaunchIntentForPackage(strPackage);
pub.log(appIntent.getPackage());
if (appIntent != null) {
appIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
pub.log("start activity");
context.startActivity(appIntent);
pub.log("finish");
}
}
}
//被添加或者被更新时调用
@Override
public void onUpdate(Context context, AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager, int[] appWidgetIds) {
super.onUpdate(context, appWidgetManager, appWidgetIds);
// There may be multiple widgets active, so update all of them
for (int appWidgetId : appWidgetIds) {
updateAppWidget(context, appWidgetManager, appWidgetId);
}
}
private void updateAppWidget(Context context, AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager, int appWidgetId) {
pub.log("onUpdate:" + appWidgetId);
// Construct the RemoteViews object
RemoteViews views = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(), R.layout.widget_desktop);
//设定小部件上 TextView 值
//views.setTextViewText(R.id.tv_widget_desktop_title, "ZGTools");
//setRemoteAdapter设定Listivew,Gridview等复杂布局的adapter
//第一个参数为要绑定的widget的Gridview的id，第二个参数为RemoteViewsService的intent
Intent intent = new Intent(context, DesktopViewsService.class);
intent.putExtra(AppWidgetManager.EXTRA_APPWIDGET_ID, appWidgetId);
intent.setData(Uri.parse(intent.toUri(Intent.URI_INTENT_SCHEME)));
views.setRemoteAdapter(R.id.gv_app_group, intent);
//绑定 item 的定点事件
//Activity方式测试不成功，改用广播的方式进行发送并执行事件
//此处不能是空的Intent 否则广播无法发送
//定义Intent事件模板，相当于公用设定，再在fillIntent里面设定具体的 extra 值
Intent templateIntent = new Intent(context, DesktopWidget.class);
templateIntent.setAction(ACTION_START_ACTIVITY);
templateIntent.putExtra(AppWidgetManager.EXTRA_APPWIDGET_ID, appWidgetId);
templateIntent.setData(Uri.parse(intent.toUri(Intent.URI_INTENT_SCHEME)));
PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, appWidgetId, templateIntent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
views.setPendingIntentTemplate(R.id.gv_app_group, pendingIntent);
// Instruct the widget manager to update the widget
appWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(appWidgetId, views);
}
//被添加或者更改大小时调用，在这个方法中可以选择性的根据界面大小显示或隐藏某些控件
@Override
public void onAppWidgetOptionsChanged(Context context, AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager, int appWidgetId, Bundle newOptions) {
super.onAppWidgetOptionsChanged(context, appWidgetManager, appWidgetId, newOptions);
updateAppWidget(context, appWidgetManager, appWidgetId);
}
@Override
public void onEnabled(Context context) {
super.onEnabled(context);
// Enter relevant functionality for when the first widget is created
}
@Override
public void onDisabled(Context context) {
super.onDisabled(context);
// Enter relevant functionality for when the last widget is disabled
}
}
RemoteViewsService
public class DesktopViewsService extends RemoteViewsService {
@Override
public RemoteViewsFactory onGetViewFactory(Intent intent) {
return new DesktopViewsFactory(this, intent);
}
}
RemoteViewsFactory
类型于 BaseAdapter，重点是 onCreate() 加载数据， getViewAt() 方法返回布局绑定数据
public class DesktopViewsFactory implements RemoteViewsService.RemoteViewsFactory {
private Context mContext;
private int mAppWidgetId;
private List<AppPackage> lstApps = new ArrayList<AppPackage>();
public DesktopViewsFactory(Context context, Intent intent){
this.mContext = context;
this.mAppWidgetId = intent.getIntExtra(AppWidgetManager.EXTRA_APPWIDGET_ID, AppWidgetManager.INVALID_APPWIDGET_ID);
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
DesktopDbHelper dbHelper = new DesktopDbHelper(mContext);
SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
String strSql = "Select * from tb_app";
try {
Cursor cursor = db.rawQuery(strSql, null);
if (cursor != null && cursor.getCount() > 0) {
lstApps.clear();
while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
byte[] blob = cursor.getBlob(cursor.getColumnIndex("app_icon"));
Bitmap bmpIcon = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(blob, 0, blob.length);
String strLabel = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("app_label"));
String strPackage = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("app_package"));
lstApps.add(new AppPackage(strLabel, strPackage, bmpIcon));
}
}
if (cursor != null) {
cursor.close();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
db.close();
e.printStackTrace();
}
db.close();
}
@Override
public void onDataSetChanged() {
//这里我加了重新加载数据的调用，用于更新小部件的列表内容
onCreate();
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {}
@Override
public int getCount() {return 0;}
@Override
public RemoteViews getViewAt(int i) {
if (i < 0 || i >= lstApps.size()) return null;
//Construct a remote views item based on the app widget item XML file
RemoteViews views = new RemoteViews(mContext.getPackageName(), R.layout.widget_desktop_item);
views.setTextViewText(R.id.tv_widget_desktop_label, lstApps.get(i).getAppLabel());
views.setImageViewBitmap(R.id.iv_widget_desktop_icon, lstApps.get(i).getAppIcon());
Intent intent = new Intent();
Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.putString("app_package", lstApps.get(i).getAppPackage());
intent.putExtras(bundle);
views.setOnClickFillInIntent(R.id.iv_widget_desktop_icon, intent);
views.setOnClickFillInIntent(R.id.tv_widget_desktop_label, intent);
return views;
}
@Override
public RemoteViews getLoadingView() { return null;}
@Override
public int getViewTypeCount() {return 0;}
@Override
public long getItemId(int i) { return 0;}
@Override
public boolean hasStableIds() { return false; }
}
DesktopActivity
//更新widget布局
private void updateWidget(){
AppWidgetManager widgetManager = AppWidgetManager.getInstance(this);
ComponentName componentName = new ComponentName(this, DesktopWidget.class);
int[] ids = widgetManager.getAppWidgetIds(componentName);
widgetManager.notifyAppWidgetViewDataChanged(ids, R.id.gv_app_group);
}
