【idea&spring mvc】搭建简易的spring mvc项目（基于maven）！

一、创建项目

1、打开idea，file--new--project

2、按照步骤①②③④操作

3、输入包名，并点击下一步

4、选择下载包的maven的setting.xml配置路径和包的存放地，然后点击next

5、确认最终的项目存放目录和项目名，点击finish

二、项目配置

1、在webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml里面配置web服务调度器和启动的一些xml配置参数等

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
         id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
  <display-name>demo</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:root.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

注意：classpath加载的东西是随着项目启动而加载的，无需加载的则不需要配置

3、resources/root.xml文件配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd">

    <!-- 注解、扫包、读取配置文件内容 -->
    <import resource="spring-mvc.xml" />
    <import resource="classpath:/spring/base-context.xml"/>
</beans>

注意：import是要导入的一些xml文件，此处导入了sprin-mvc.xml（mvc的web文件）文件和base-context.xml文件（基础的配置文件）

4、resources/spring-mvc.xml文件配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
    <!-- 这里是扫描controller-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.test.controller"/>
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    <mvc:annotation-driven />
</beans>

这里是扫描controller层的代码目录，在base-package下，其他的配置一般不动

5、resources/spring/base-context.xml文件配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 引入定义/props/*.properties配置文件 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:/props/*.properties" ignore-unresolvable="true"/>
    <!--<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:/data/*" ignore-unresolvable="true"/>-->

    <!-- spring 扫描所有注解-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.test">
         <!-- spring 排除@Controller -->
        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>

</beans>

注意：这里是扫描除controller外的其他代码随着服务启动而初始化的配置项。如service和resources下的一些静态文件等

6、代码分层中的controller添加对外的访问路径、service层实现具体的业务逻辑、dao层是对于数据库操作的接口层（对应还有service下的mapper映射以及xml映射，若没有数据库操作则无需这些）、model层对应数据库的实体类层（也可使用bean）、util层对应的一些工具类层、enums层对应的是一些枚举映射（以上是基本的分层设计）

包路径

package com.test.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.CrossOrigin;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/common")
public class TestController {

    @ResponseBody
    @CrossOrigin
    @RequestMapping(value ="/getSMSRecord.html",method =  RequestMethod.GET,produces = "text/html;charset=utf8")
    public String test(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res){
        String mobile = req.getParameter("mobile");
        String env = req.getParameter("env");
        return "success";
    }
}

注意：以上是controller层的代码示例；@Controller标识这个类是对外的服务的（必加）；@RequestMapping标识对外映射的路径（必加，值自定义）；@ResponseBody表示这个方法是对外的方法（关于spring的一些注解可百度自行搜索）

以上就是spring-mvc的简单项目配置（连接数据库除外//todo），若还想要本地调试，则还需要配置本地tomcat启动

三、配置tomcat启动本地服务

1、首先下载tomcat服务器，至少是8.0以上，并解压

2、从以下入口编辑启动配置

3、按照以下顺序添加tomcat本地服务器

4、再次点击第三步的编辑配置，然后选中刚才的tomcat，会出现下面的页面，并配置相关的参数

5、点击上一步的第③步的“+”号会出现以下画面，选中红框的那个

6、勾选中出现的额war包，并点击ok

7、最后点击页面右下角的apply，然后就能本地运行服务了。

注意：index.xml里面的内容是主页的内容，可自定义设置任何值。

注意2：没出现第六步的war包需要手动通过maven编译器打一个war包（需要依赖pom的一些配置参数，可自行百度//todo）

8、附录我的pom.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.test</groupId>
    <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <name>demo</name>
    <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
    <url>http://www.example.com</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <runnable.jar.name>jar-with-dependencies</runnable.jar.name>
        <spring.version>5.2.8.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <spring.boot.mybatis.version>2.0.0</spring.boot.mybatis.version>
        <spring.boot.druid.version>1.1.17</spring.boot.druid.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.httpcomponents/httpclient -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
            <version>4.5.12</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId>
            <artifactId>json-lib</artifactId>
            <version>2.4</version>
            <classifier>jdk15</classifier>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.72</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.postgresql/postgresql -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
            <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
            <version>42.2.16</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--log4j-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--springframework 开始-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--springframework 结束-->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.jetbrains</groupId>
            <artifactId>annotations</artifactId>
            <version>13.0</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>demo</finalName>
        <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.1.0</version>
                </plugin>
                <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.0.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.8.0</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.22.1</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.2.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.5.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.8.2</version>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>

        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.2-beta-5</version>
                <configuration>
                    <archive>
                        <manifest>
                            <mainClass>com.test.services.*</mainClass>
                        </manifest>
                    </archive>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>make-assembly</id>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>single</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <!-- 下面是打jar包相关插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.4</version>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
        <resources>
            <!-- 下面的resource是自己工程中所需要的配置文件 -->
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>
</project>

9、附录我的maven的setting.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">

    <!-- 本地仓库的位置 -->
    <localRepository>F:\tools\apache-maven-3.6.1\repository</localRepository>
    
    <pluginGroups>
    <!-- pluginGroup
     | Specifies a further group identifier to use for plugin lookup.
    <pluginGroup>com.your.plugins</pluginGroup>
    -->
    </pluginGroups>
    
    <proxies>
    <!-- proxy
     | Specification for one proxy, to be used in connecting to the network.
     |
    <proxy>
      <id>optional</id>
      <active>true</active>
      <protocol>http</protocol>
      <username>proxyuser</username>
      <password>proxypass</password>
      <host>proxy.host.net</host>
      <port>80</port>
      <nonProxyHosts>local.net|some.host.com</nonProxyHosts>
    </proxy>
    -->
    </proxies>
    
    <servers>
    <!-- server
     | Specifies the authentication information to use when connecting to a particular server, identified by
     | a unique name within the system (referred to by the 'id' attribute below).
     |
     | NOTE: You should either specify username/password OR privateKey/passphrase, since these pairings are
     |       used together.
     |
    <server>
      <id>deploymentRepo</id>
      <username>repouser</username>
      <password>repopwd</password>
    </server>
    -->

    <!-- Another sample, using keys to authenticate.
    <server>
      <id>siteServer</id>
      <privateKey>/path/to/private/key</privateKey>
      <passphrase>optional; leave empty if not used.</passphrase>
    </server>
    -->
    </servers>
    
    <!-- 阿里云镜像 -->
    <mirrors>
        <mirror>
            <id>alimaven</id>
            <name>aliyun maven</name>
            <!-- https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public/ -->
            <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
            <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
        </mirror>
    </mirrors>

    <!-- 配置: java8, 先从阿里云下载, 没有再去私服下载  -->
    <!-- 20190929 hepengju 测试结果: 影响下载顺序的是profiles标签的配置顺序(后面配置的ali仓库先下载), 而不是activeProfiles的顺序 -->
    <profiles>
        <!-- 全局JDK1.8配置 -->
        <profile>
            <id>jdk1.8</id>
            <activation>
                <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
                <jdk>1.8</jdk>
            </activation>
            <properties>
                <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
                <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
                <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
                <maven.compiler.compilerVersion>1.8</maven.compiler.compilerVersion>
            </properties>
        </profile>
        
        <!-- 阿里云配置: 提高国内的jar包下载速度 -->
        <profile>
            <id>ali</id>
            <repositories>
                <repository>
                    <id>alimaven</id>
                    <name>aliyun maven</name>
                    <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
                    <releases>
                        <enabled>true</enabled>
                    </releases>
                    <snapshots>
                        <enabled>true</enabled>
                    </snapshots>
                </repository>
            </repositories>
            <pluginRepositories>
                <pluginRepository>
                    <id>alimaven</id>
                    <name>aliyun maven</name>
                    <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
                </pluginRepository>
            </pluginRepositories>
        </profile>

    </profiles>
    
    <!-- 激活配置 --> 
    <activeProfiles>
        <activeProfile>jdk1.8</activeProfile>
        <activeProfile>dev</activeProfile>
        <activeProfile>ali</activeProfile>
    </activeProfiles>
</settings>

注意：其他的不需要改，只需要修改jar包存放的位置即可localRepository包起来的东西

posted @ 2020-10-15 15:02 启*敬阅读(388) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

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