前缀和算法总结(例题:激光炸弹)
前缀和思维导图:
一维前缀和算法模版:
#include <iostream> using namespace std; const int N = 100010; int n, m; int s[N]; int main() { scanf("%d%d", &n, &m); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { int x; scanf("%d", &x); s[i] = s[i - 1] + x; // 前缀和的初始化 } while (m--) { int l, r; scanf("%d%d", &l, &r); printf("%d\n", s[r] - s[l - 1]); // 区间和的计算 } return 0; }
二维前缀和算法模版:
#include <iostream> using namespace std; const int N = 1010; int n, m, q, x; int s[N][N]; int main() { scanf("%d%d%d", &n, &m, &q); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) for (int j = 1; j <= m; j++) { scanf("%d", &x); s[i][j] = s[i - 1][j] + s[i][j - 1] - s[i - 1][j - 1] + x; } while (q--) { int x1, y1, x2, y2; scanf("%d%d%d%d", &x1, &y1, &x2, &y2); printf("%d\n", s[x2][y2] - s[x1 - 1][y2] - s[x2][y1 - 1] + s[x1 - 1][y1 - 1]); } return 0; }
例题:激光炸弹
题目链接:
https://www.acwing.com/problem/content/101/
题解:
要摧毁一个包含R * R个位置的正方形((R - 1) * (R - 1)的正方形)内的所有目标,那么包围这个正方形的正方形边长至少为R。在1 <= x <= 5001,1 <= y <= 5001的范围内,枚举所有包含R * R个位置的正方形,所有这些正方形的前缀和的最大值即为答案。
代码:
#include <cstdio> #include <iostream> #include <algorithm> using namespace std; const int N = 5010; int s[N][N]; int main() { int n, R; scanf("%d%d", &n, &R); R = min(R, 5001); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { int x, y, w; scanf("%d%d%d", &x, &y, &w); x++, y++; s[x][y] += w; } for (int i = 1; i <= 5001; i++) for (int j = 1; j <= 5001; j++) s[i][j] += s[i - 1][j] + s[i][j - 1] - s[i - 1][j - 1]; int res = 0; for (int i = R; i <= 5001; i++) for (int j = R; j <= 5001; j++) res = max(res, s[i][j] - s[i - R][j] - s[i][j - R] + s[i - R][j - R]); printf("%d\n", res); return 0; }