“AS3.0高级动画编程”学习:第三章等角投影(下)
在上一篇的最后,我们成功的用“等角投影”模拟出了立体空间的盒子模型,但是很快你就会发现这个示例的bug
bug1:在已经有box的地方,再点击,将会重复创建box新实例。
bug2:后面添加的box,会挡住前面添加的box。
bug3:在边缘部分,如果用鼠标小心的点击,可以创建出很多超出world范围之外的盒子(即:看起来好象挂出去了)
我们按轻重缓急来处理吧:
bug2最严重,它直接影响了最终的3D视觉效果。产生它的原因是显示列表中,后添加的物体,其index值会比 前面添加物体的index值 要大,所以就挡住了前面的box。
仔细看一下IsoObject类
public function get depth():Number { return (_position.x + _position.z) * .866 - _position.y * .707; }
其实这里已经预留了“深度”属性,根据这个对所有的box进行depth属性排序即可。另外为了实现排序,我们应该把所有box类实例存放到一个数组里,这样才能利用Array的SortOn方法。(代码会在后面一起给出)
再来看bug1,重复创建的问题,这个解决起来比较容易:在创建box前,先检查对应的位置是否已经有box了,如果有,就不用处理了,这样就把问题转化为Point3D的坐标位置比较,所以我们得在Point3D中添加一个判断是否相等的方法
package { public class Point3D { public var x:Number; public var y:Number; public var z:Number; public function Point3D(x:Number=0,y:Number=0,z:Number=0) { this.x=x; this.y=y; this.z=z; } public function toString():String{ return "x=" + this.x + ",y=" + this.y + ",z=" + this.z; } //判断二个Point3D是否相等 public function equal(p:Point3D):Boolean{ return this.x==p.x&&this.y==p.y&&this.z==p.z; } } }
注:as3不象c#那样有操作符重载,所以只能显式定义equal方法
最后来处理bug3,即box实例超出地图范围之外的问题(产生这个问题的根源就是as3.0的事件冒泡机制,在box实例上点击时,world会响应Click事件)
如上图,很明显:地图是有边界的,如果盒子超出地图的范围,其x,z坐标肯定也会大于某一个阈值,所以在创建box实例前对坐标检测就能处理了.
完整代码:
package{ import flash.display.Sprite; import flash.display.StageAlign; import flash.display.StageScaleMode; import flash.events.Event; import flash.events.MouseEvent; import flash.geom.Point; [SWF(backgroundColor=0xffffff,height="400",width='600')] public class DepthTest extends Sprite { private var floor:Sprite; private var world:Sprite; private var objectList:Array; private var rows:uint=15;//列数 private var cols:uint=10;//行数 private var cellSize:uint=20;//单元格大小 public function DepthTest() { stage.align = StageAlign.TOP_LEFT; stage.scaleMode = StageScaleMode.NO_SCALE; floor = new Sprite(); world = new Sprite(); addChild(floor); addChild(world); sizeInit(); objectList = new Array(); for(var i:int = 0; i < cols; i++) { for(var j:int = 0; j < rows; j++) { var tile:DrawnIsoTile = new DrawnIsoTile(cellSize, 0xcccccc); tile.position = new Point3D(i * cellSize, 0, j * cellSize); floor.addChild(tile); } } stage.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, onWorldClick); stage.addEventListener(Event.RESIZE,resizeHandler); } private function sizeInit():void{ floor.x = stage.stageWidth / 2 + 50; floor.y = 100; world.x = floor.x; world.y = floor.y; } private function resizeHandler(e:Event):void{ sizeInit(); } private function onWorldClick(event:MouseEvent):void { var pos:Point3D = IsoUtils.screenToIso(new Point(world.mouseX, world.mouseY)); pos.x = Math.round(pos.x / cellSize) * cellSize; pos.y = Math.round(pos.y / cellSize) * cellSize; pos.z = Math.round(pos.z / cellSize) * cellSize; trace(pos.toString()); //检测box的位置是否挂出去了+重复创建检测 if (pos.x<0 || pos.x>(cols-1)*cellSize || pos.z<0 || pos.z>(rows-1)*cellSize || boxExist(pos)){ return; } var box:DrawnIsoBox = new DrawnIsoBox(cellSize, Math.random() *0xffffff, cellSize); box.position = pos; world.addChild(box); objectList.push(box); sortList(); } //深度排序 private function sortList():void { objectList.sortOn("depth", Array.NUMERIC); for(var i:int = 0; i < objectList.length; i++) { world.setChildIndex(objectList[i], i); } } //检测指定的位置是否已经有box了 private function boxExist(p:Point3D):Boolean{ for(var i:int = 0; i < objectList.length; i++) { var b:* = objectList[i]; if (b is DrawnIsoBox ){ if (b.position.equal(p)){ return true; } } } return false; } } }
设置行数,列数,画地板,添加子元素时的种种处理(深度排序,位置检查...)这一堆东东,以后会经常用到的,为了方便起见,干脆封装起来吧,另外:我们的as文件越来越多了,为了保持清晰的结构,把这些等角投影所用的基类新建一个iso的包来管理吧,结构如下图:
IsoWorld封装类:
package iso { import flash.display.Sprite; import flash.geom.Rectangle; public class IsoWorld extends Sprite { private var _floor:Sprite; private var _objects:Array; private var _world:Sprite; private var _cols:uint=10; private var _rows:uint=10; private var _cellSize:uint=20; public function IsoWorld(cols:uint=10,rows:uint=10,cellSize:uint=20) { this._cols = cols; this._rows = rows; this._cellSize = cellSize; _floor = new Sprite(); addChild(_floor); _world = new Sprite(); addChild(_world); _objects = new Array(); } public function set cellSize(v:uint):void{ this._cellSize = v; } public function get cellSize():uint{ return this._cellSize; } public function set rows(v:uint):void{ this._rows = v; } public function get rows():uint{ return this._rows; } public function set cols(v:uint):void{ this._cols = v; } public function get cols():uint{ return this._cols; } public function addChildToWorld(child:IsoObject):void { //检测box的位置是否挂出去了+重复创建检测 if (child.position.x<0 || child.position.x>(_cols-1)*_cellSize || child.position.z<0 || child.position.z>(_rows-1)*_cellSize || childPosExist(child.position)){ return; } _world.addChild(child); _objects.push(child); sort(); } public function addChildToFloor(child:IsoObject):void { _floor.addChild(child); } public function sort():void { _objects.sortOn("depth", Array.NUMERIC); for(var i:int = 0; i < _objects.length; i++) { _world.setChildIndex(_objects[i], i); } } private function childPosExist(p:Point3D):Boolean{ for(var i:int = 0; i < _objects.length; i++) { var b:* = _objects[i]; if (b is IsoObject ){ if (b.position.equal(p)){ return true; } } } return false; } } }
有了这个类,刚才的示例写起来就简练多了
package { import flash.display.*; import flash.events.*; import flash.geom.Point; import iso.*; [SWF(backgroundColor=0xffffff)] public class WorldTest extends Sprite { private var world:IsoWorld; public function WorldTest() { stage.align = StageAlign.TOP_LEFT; stage.scaleMode = StageScaleMode.NO_SCALE; world = new IsoWorld(); sizeInit(); addChild(world); for(var i:int = 0; i < world.cols; i++) { for(var j:int = 0; j < world.rows; j++) { var tile:DrawnIsoTile = new DrawnIsoTile(world.cellSize, 0xcccccc); tile.position = new Point3D(i * world.cellSize, 0, j * world.cellSize); world.addChildToFloor(tile); } } stage.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, onWorldClick); stage.addEventListener(Event.RESIZE,resizeHandler); } private function sizeInit():void{ world.x = stage.stageWidth / 2; world.y = stage.stageHeight/2; } private function resizeHandler(e:Event):void{ sizeInit(); } private function onWorldClick(event:MouseEvent):void { var box:DrawnIsoBox = new DrawnIsoBox(world.cellSize, Math.random() * 0xffffff, world.cellSize); var pos:Point3D = IsoUtils.screenToIso(new Point(world.mouseX, world.mouseY)); pos.x = Math.round(pos.x / world.cellSize) * world.cellSize; pos.y = Math.round(pos.y / world.cellSize) * world.cellSize; pos.z = Math.round(pos.z / world.cellSize) * world.cellSize; box.position = pos; world.addChildToWorld(box); } } }
接下来考虑一下如何在地板上移动物体:
要移动当然要有速度,先在IsoObject上添加vx,vy,vz速度属性
protected var _vx:Number = 0; protected var _vy:Number = 0; protected var _vz:Number = 0; public function set vx(value:Number):void { _vx = value; } public function get vx():Number { return _vx; } public function set vy(value:Number):void { _vy = value; } public function get vy():Number { return _vy; } public function set vz(value:Number):void { _vz = value; } public function get vz():Number { return _vz; }
测试一下用键盘控制移动
package { import flash.display.*; import flash.events.*; import flash.ui.Keyboard; import iso.*; [SWF(backgroundColor=0xffffff,height=260,width=460)] public class MotionTest extends Sprite { private var world:IsoWorld; private var box:DrawnIsoBox; private var speed:Number = 10; public function MotionTest() { stage.align = StageAlign.TOP_LEFT; stage.scaleMode = StageScaleMode.NO_SCALE; world = new IsoWorld(); sizeInit(); addChild(world); for(var i:int = 0; i < world.cols; i++) { for(var j:int = 0; j < world.rows; j++) { var tile:DrawnIsoTile = new DrawnIsoTile(world.cellSize, 0xcccccc); tile.position = new Point3D(i * world.cellSize, 0, j * world.cellSize); world.addChildToFloor(tile); } } box = new DrawnIsoBox(world.cellSize, 0xff0000, world.cellSize); //把box摆在world中央 box.x = world.cellSize*Math.round(world.cols/2); box.z = world.cellSize*Math.round(world.rows/2); world.addChildToWorld(box); stage.addEventListener(KeyboardEvent.KEY_DOWN, onKeyDown); stage.addEventListener(KeyboardEvent.KEY_UP, onKeyUp); stage.addEventListener(Event.RESIZE,resizeHandler); } private function sizeInit():void{ world.x = stage.stageWidth / 2; world.y = 50; } private function resizeHandler(e:Event):void{ sizeInit(); } private function onKeyDown(event:KeyboardEvent):void { switch(event.keyCode) { case Keyboard.UP : box.vx = -speed; break; case Keyboard.DOWN : box.vx = speed; break; case Keyboard.LEFT : box.vz = speed; break; case Keyboard.RIGHT : box.vz = -speed; break; case Keyboard.END: box.vy = -speed; break; case Keyboard.HOME: box.vy = speed; break; default : break; } addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, onEnterFrame); } private function onKeyUp(event:KeyboardEvent):void { box.vx = 0; box.vz = 0; box.vy = 0; removeEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, onEnterFrame); } private function onEnterFrame(event:Event):void { box.x += box.vx; box.z += box.vz; box.y += box.vy; if (box.x<0){ box.x =0; } else if(box.x>world.cellSize*(world.cols-1)){ box.x = world.cellSize*(world.cols-1); } if (box.z<0){ box.z =0; } else if(box.z>world.cellSize*(world.rows-1)){ box.z = world.cellSize*(world.rows-1); } } } }
用上下左右及Home/End键可以控制box的移动,这里注意的是:虽然等角世界中的3D坐标系仍然是右手坐标系(参见3D基础),但整个坐标系做了旋转,y轴是垂直向上的,所以vy为负值时,物体将向上运动,反之向下,另外这个示例还展示了如何在等角空间中做边界检测。下面这个是该示例的升级版(加入了重力,反弹,摩擦力等因素)。
package { import iso.*; import flash.display.*; import flash.events.*; import flash.filters.BlurFilter; [SWF(backgroundColor=0xffffff,height=300,width=420)] public class MotionTest2 extends Sprite { private var world:IsoWorld; private var box:DrawnIsoBox; private var shadow:DrawnIsoTile; private var gravity:Number = 2; private var friction:Number = 0.95; private var bounce:Number = -0.9; private var filter:BlurFilter; public function MotionTest2() { stage.align = StageAlign.TOP_LEFT; stage.scaleMode = StageScaleMode.NO_SCALE; world = new IsoWorld(); sizeInit(); addChild(world); for(var i:int = 0; i < world.cols; i++) { for(var j:int = 0; j < world.rows; j++) { var tile:DrawnIsoTile = new DrawnIsoTile(20, 0xcccccc); tile.position = new Point3D(i * world.cellSize, 0, j * world.cellSize); world.addChildToFloor(tile); } } box = new DrawnIsoBox(world.cellSize, 0xff0000, world.cellSize); //把box摆在world中央 box.x = world.cellSize*Math.round(world.cols/2); box.z = world.cellSize*Math.round(world.rows/2); world.addChildToWorld(box); shadow = new DrawnIsoTile(world.cellSize, 0); shadow.alpha = 0.5; world.addChildToFloor(shadow); filter = new BlurFilter(); addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, onEnterFrame); stage.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, onClick); stage.addEventListener(Event.RESIZE,resizeHandler); } private function sizeInit():void{ world.x = stage.stageWidth / 2; world.y = 100; } private function resizeHandler(e:Event):void{ sizeInit(); } private function onClick(event:MouseEvent):void { box.vx = Math.random() * 20 - 10; box.vy = -5 -Math.random() * 25; box.vz = Math.random() * 20 - 10; } private function onEnterFrame(event:Event):void { box.vy += gravity;//重力加速度 box.x += box.vx; box.y += box.vy; box.z += box.vz; if(box.x > (world.cols-1)*world.cellSize) { box.x = (world.cols-1)*world.cellSize; box.vx *= bounce;//反弹 } else if(box.x < 0) { box.x = 0; box.vx *= bounce; } if(box.z > (world.rows-1)*world.cellSize) { box.z = (world.rows-1)*world.cellSize; box.vz *= bounce; } else if(box.z < 0) { box.z = 0; box.vz *= bounce; } if(box.y > 0) { box.y = 0; box.vy *= bounce; } //摩擦力 box.vx *= friction; box.vy *= friction; box.vz *= friction; //影子坐标同步 shadow.x = box.x; shadow.z = box.z; //蚊子模糊 filter.blurX = filter.blurY = -box.y * .25; shadow.filters = [filter]; } } }
用鼠标点击上面的Flash,box将随机向上弹起并落下,同时下面的阴影也会随之变化。
下一个问题:碰撞检测
把前面那个用键盘控制box移动的示例稍做修改,另外再增加一个静止不动的box
package { import iso.*; import flash.display.*; import flash.events.*; import flash.ui.Keyboard; [SWF(backgroundColor=0xffffff,height=260,width=460)] public class CollisionTest1 extends Sprite { private var world:IsoWorld; private var box:DrawnIsoBox; private var speed:Number = 4; public function CollisionTest() { stage.align = StageAlign.TOP_LEFT; stage.scaleMode = StageScaleMode.NO_SCALE; world = new IsoWorld(); sizeInit(); addChild(world); for(var i:int = 0; i < world.cols; i++) { for(var j:int = 0; j < world.rows; j++) { var tile:DrawnIsoTile = new DrawnIsoTile(world.cellSize, 0xcccccc); tile.position = new Point3D(i * world.cellSize, 0, j * world.cellSize); world.addChildToFloor(tile); } } box = new DrawnIsoBox(world.cellSize, 0xff0000, world.cellSize); box.x = world.cellSize*Math.round(world.cols/2); box.z = world.cellSize*Math.round(world.rows/2); world.addChildToWorld(box); //再放一个静止的box var newBox:DrawnIsoBox = new DrawnIsoBox(world.cellSize, 0xcccccc, world.cellSize); newBox.x = box.x + 2*world.cellSize; newBox.z = box.z + 2*world.cellSize; world.addChildToWorld(newBox); stage.addEventListener(KeyboardEvent.KEY_DOWN, onKeyDown); stage.addEventListener(KeyboardEvent.KEY_UP, onKeyUp); stage.addEventListener(Event.RESIZE,resizeHandler); } private function sizeInit():void{ world.x = stage.stageWidth / 2; world.y = 50; } private function resizeHandler(e:Event):void{ sizeInit(); } private function onKeyDown(event:KeyboardEvent):void { switch(event.keyCode) { case Keyboard.UP : box.vx = -speed; break; 111 case Keyboard.DOWN : box.vx = speed; break; case Keyboard.LEFT : box.vz = speed; break; case Keyboard.RIGHT : box.vz = -speed; break; default : break; } addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, onEnterFrame); } private function onKeyUp(event:KeyboardEvent):void { box.vx = 0; box.vz = 0; removeEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, onEnterFrame); } private function onEnterFrame(event:Event):void { box.x += box.vx; box.y += box.vy; box.z += box.vz; world.sort(); } } }
用键盘控制红色的box,尽量去碰灰色不动的box,会发现红色box径直穿过灰色box,太假了。
仔细思考一下:如果红色box在移动的过程中,前方遇到了障碍物,而且这个障碍物是不可穿越的(可能有朋友会问:障碍物还有能穿越的么?确实有,比如在一些游戏中,允许角色穿墙而过),那么红色box就应该不能再前进。
让我们回过头来再看看IsoObject.as的定义,注意里面有二个属性:walkable,rect。这时候该它俩派上用场了,walkable表明该物体是否允许被穿越(默认为false),而rect用于返回该物体在等角空间中占用的矩形区域。
问题解决了:在IsoWorld中,每个物体去跟其它物体做个检测,检测二者的矩形区域是否有交集,如果有就表示碰上了,另外再看看其它物体是否允许穿越,如果不允许,则应该不能再向前运动了。
//判断obj是否能继续向前移动 public function canMove(obj:IsoObject):Boolean { var rect:Rectangle = obj.rect; rect.offset(obj.vx, obj.vz); for(var i:int = 0; i < _objects.length; i++) { var objB:IsoObject = _objects[i] as IsoObject; if(obj != objB && !objB.walkable && rect.intersects(objB.rect)) { return false; } } return true; }
将这个方法加入到IsoWorld.as中即可,然后刚才碰撞示例的Enter_Frame处理函数改为:
private function onEnterFrame(event:Event):void { if (world.canMove(box)){//移动先做下检测 box.x += box.vx; box.y += box.vy; box.z += box.vz; world.sort(); } }
现在再试试,碰撞检测的处理应该起作用了。
如果一个游戏里都是些单调的纯色盒子,很快就会看腻味了,所以下面我们会学习如何利用图片创建更好看的box,为了使用图片,我们需要一个新的基类:GraphicTile.as
package iso { import flash.display.DisplayObject; public class GraphicTile extends IsoObject { public function GraphicTile(size:Number, classRef:Class, xoffset:Number, yoffset:Number):void { super(size); var gfx:DisplayObject = new classRef() as DisplayObject; gfx.x = -xoffset; gfx.y = -yoffset; addChild(gfx); } } }
代码很短,但是“简约而不简单”,首先要注意是Class类型的参数,classRef:Class表明参数classRef必须是一个类的引用,即传一个类进去(初次接触可能感觉很怪,没关系,多看几遍就顺眼了),其次是偏移量参数,为什么要有偏移量?因为在之前的基类IsoObject中,sprite的注册点是正中心,所以无需偏移量校正,而使用图片时,图片默认的注册点是左上角,要想把图片正好校对到中心,就必须要用偏移量来调整。
另外一个问题:图片如何嵌入到as文件中?使用Embed标记--类似c#中的特性语法(attribute),废话了一堆,还是直接来看测试代码吧:
package { import flash.display.*; import flash.events.*; import flash.geom.Point; import iso.*; [SWF(backgroundColor=0xffffff,height=260,width=460)] public class GraphicTest extends Sprite { private var world:IsoWorld; [Embed(source="img/tile_01.png")] private var Tile01:Class; [Embed(source="img/tile_02.png")] private var Tile02:Class; public function GraphicTest() { stage.align = StageAlign.TOP_LEFT; stage.scaleMode = StageScaleMode.NO_SCALE; world = new IsoWorld(); sizeInit(); addChild(world); for(var i:int = 0; i < world.cols; i++) { for(var j:int = 0; j < world.rows; j++) { var tile:GraphicTile = new GraphicTile(world.cellSize, Tile01, 20, 10); tile.position = new Point3D(i * world.cellSize, 0, j * world.cellSize); world.addChildToFloor(tile); } } stage.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, onWorldClick); stage.addEventListener(Event.RESIZE,resizeHandler); } private function sizeInit():void{ world.x = stage.stageWidth / 2; world.y = 50; } private function resizeHandler(e:Event):void{ sizeInit(); } private function onWorldClick(event:MouseEvent):void { var box:GraphicTile = new GraphicTile(world.cellSize, Tile02, 20, 30); var pos:Point3D = IsoUtils.screenToIso(new Point(world.mouseX, world.mouseY)); pos.x = Math.round(pos.x / world.cellSize) * world.cellSize; pos.y = Math.round(pos.y / world.cellSize) * world.cellSize; pos.z = Math.round(pos.z / world.cellSize) * world.cellSize; box.position = pos; world.addChildToWorld(box); } } }
拿鼠标在地图上点二下试试!
注:这里用到了二张图片,放在这里,方便大家下载回去测试
实际的游戏开发中,不可能所有地图都是用代码写死的,这样维护起来很麻烦,所以下面将学习到如何利用外部文件来存储地图信息,然后根据该配置文件来自动生成地图:
// this is a comment.
# 0 type:GraphicTile graphicClass:MapTest_Tile01 xoffset:20 yoffset:10 walkable:true
# 1 type:GraphicTile graphicClass:MapTest_Tile02 xoffset:20 yoffset:30 walkable:false
# 2 type:DrawnIsoBox color:0xff6666 walkable:false height:20
# 3 type:DrawnIsoTile color:0x6666ff walkable:false
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 1 0 3 3 3 3 0 1 0
0 1 0 3 2 2 3 0 0 0
0 1 0 3 2 2 3 0 0 0
0 1 0 3 3 3 3 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
这个是一个典型的地图描述信息,可以直接把它存储到txt记事本文件里,分析一下:
“// ”行表示注释,不用管,是给人看的,不是给代码看的
“#”行表示的是类型定义,即数据字典,这里1表示GraphicTile,2表示DrawnIsoBox,3表示DrawnIsoTile,后面为具体的实例生成参数(代码读取这些参数后,传到相应的构造函数中,以方便生成实例)
再下来的数字,就是地图的实际描述。
为了能正常解析地图配置信息,需要专门弄一个地图解析类(MapLoader):
package iso { import flash.events.Event; import flash.events.EventDispatcher; import flash.net.URLLoader; import flash.net.URLRequest; import flash.utils.getDefinitionByName; public class MapLoader extends EventDispatcher { private var _grid:Array; private var _loader:URLLoader; private var _tileTypes:Object; public function MapLoader() { _tileTypes = new Object(); } public function loadMap(url:String):void { _loader = new URLLoader(); _loader.addEventListener(Event.COMPLETE, onLoad); _loader.load(new URLRequest(url)); } private function onLoad(event:Event):void { _grid = new Array(); var data:String = _loader.data; //注:在不同的系统中的回车符的定义不同,有些系统用\r\n来表示回车,有些则只使用\n,所以这里要先过滤掉\r if (data.indexOf("\r")!=-1){ var myPattern:RegExp = /\r/g; data = data.replace(myPattern,""); } trace(data); var lines:Array = data.split("\n"); for(var i:int = 0; i < lines.length; i++) { var line:String = lines[i]; if(isDefinition(line))//如果是类型定义,则解析类型定义 { parseDefinition(line); } else if(!lineIsEmpty(line) && !isComment(line)) { var cells:Array = line.split(" "); _grid.push(cells); } } //触发Event.COMPLETE事件 dispatchEvent(new Event(Event.COMPLETE)); } //分析类型定义 private function parseDefinition(line:String):void { var tokens:Array = line.split(" "); //trace(line); //类似 下面中的某一行 //# 1 type:GraphicTile graphicClass:MapTest_Tile02 xoffset:20 yoffset:30 walkable:false //# 2 type:DrawnIsoBox color:0xff6666 walkable:false height:20 //# 3 type:DrawnIsoTile color:0x6666ff walkable:false tokens.shift();//删除掉第一个字符# var symbol:String = tokens.shift() as String;//得到标志字符,即“1” var definition:Object = new Object(); for(var i:int = 0; i < tokens.length; i++) { var key:String = tokens[i].split(":")[0]; var val:String = tokens[i].split(":")[1]; definition[key] = val;//将类似 type:GraphicTile graphicClass:MapTest_Tile02 xoffset:20 yoffset:30 walkable:false 以key-value的结构保存到object中 } //trace("symbol:",symbol); setTileType(symbol, definition); } //设置贴片类型 public function setTileType(symbol:String, definition:Object):void { _tileTypes[symbol] = definition; } //创建地图 public function makeWorld(size:Number):IsoWorld { var world:IsoWorld = new IsoWorld(); for(var i:int = 0; i < _grid.length; i++) { for(var j:int = 0; j < _grid[i].length; j++) { var cellType:String = _grid[i][j]; var cell:Object = _tileTypes[cellType]; var tile:IsoObject; switch(cell.type) { case "DrawnIsoTile" : tile = new DrawnIsoTile(size, parseInt(cell.color), parseInt(cell.height)); break; case "DrawnIsoBox" : tile = new DrawnIsoBox(size, parseInt(cell.color), parseInt(cell.height)); break; case "GraphicTile" : var graphicClass:Class = getDefinitionByName(cell.graphicClass) as Class; tile = new GraphicTile(size, graphicClass, parseInt(cell.xoffset), parseInt(cell.yoffset)); break; default : tile = new IsoObject(size); break; } tile.walkable = cell.walkable == true;//强制设置所有对象为可穿越(当然这是可选的,非必须) tile.x = j * size; tile.z = i * size; world.addChild(tile); } } return world; } //是否空行(只有该行有一个字符不为" "就算过了) private function lineIsEmpty(line:String):Boolean { for(var i:int = 0; i < line.length; i++) { if(line.charAt(i) != " ") return false; } return true; } //判断该行是否为注释行 private function isComment(line:String):Boolean { return line.indexOf("//") == 0; } //判断该行是否为“类型定义” private function isDefinition(line:String):Boolean { return line.indexOf("#") == 0; } } }
关键的地方已经加了注释,应该不难懂,然后来测试一下:
package { import iso.*; import flash.display.*; import flash.events.Event; [SWF(backgroundColor=0xffffff,height=260,width=460)] public class MapTest extends Sprite { private var _world:IsoWorld; private var _floor:IsoWorld; private var mapLoader:MapLoader; [Embed(source="img/tile_01.png")] private var Tile01:Class; [Embed(source="img/tile_02.png")] private var Tile02:Class; public function MapTest() { stage.align = StageAlign.TOP_LEFT; stage.scaleMode = StageScaleMode.NO_SCALE; mapLoader = new MapLoader(); mapLoader.addEventListener(Event.COMPLETE, onMapComplete); mapLoader.loadMap("map/map.txt");//map.txt里就是刚才提到的地图配置信息 stage.addEventListener(Event.RESIZE,resizeHandler); } private function sizeInit():void{ if (_world!=null){ _world.x = stage.stageWidth / 2; _world.y = 50; } } private function resizeHandler(e:Event):void{ sizeInit(); } private function onMapComplete(event:Event):void { _world = mapLoader.makeWorld(20); addChild(_world); sizeInit(); } } }
建议大家修改一下map.txt中的信息,然后重新运行看看效果。如果一切正常的话,只要地图信息修改了,as代码不用改一行就能自动生成新地图。最后再回过头来看一下地图信息中的graphicClass:MapTest_Tile01,我们在MapTest中对于的Tile01的定义是这样的:
[Embed(source="img/tile_01.png")]
private var Tile01:Class;
注意这里并没有MapTest_前缀,但是as3经过编译后,内部的名称会自动变成"类名_属性",所以在地图中一定要加上该前缀。
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