Silverlight中的序列化

序列化简言之是这样一种能力：能够把复杂的对象(Object)变成某种格式的字符串(常见的格式有xml,string,二进制文件等)，这样可以方便的在各种系统中传输或交换(比喻socket编程中的数据包只能用byte[]传输)，接收方得到该字符串后，通过反序列化可以还原为复杂对象,进而调用对象的方法或属性 -- 跟反射有点沾边：）

这里先给出一个WinForm的序列化例子，功能为通过打开文件对话框选择一个文件后，构造一个复杂对象，然后序列化为二进制格式，得到该格式后，再反序列化(还原)为复杂对象

  1 using System;

  2 using System.IO;

  3 using System.Runtime.Serialization;

  4 using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;

  5 using System.Text;

  6 using System.Windows.Forms;

  7 

  8 namespace SerializeStudy

  9 {

 10     public partial class Form1 : Form

 11     {

 12         public Form1()

 13         {

 14             InitializeComponent();

 15         }

 16 

 17         private void btnSerialize_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

 18         {

 19             OpenFileDialog opendlg = new OpenFileDialog();

 20             if (opendlg.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)

 21             {

 22 

 23                 #region 得到一个包含"文件内容"的Msg对象

 24                 Msg msg = new Msg();

 25                 msg.ReceiverName = "jimmy";

 26                 msg.SenderName = "yjmyzy";

 27                 msg.Type = MessageType.file;

 28                 FileStream fs = opendlg.OpenFile() as FileStream;

 29                 msg.Body = new byte[fs.Length];

 30                 fs.Read(msg.Body, 0, msg.Body.Length);

 31                 fs.Close();

 32                 #endregion

 33 

 34                 #region 将Msg对象序列到内存流中

 35                 MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();

 36                 BinaryFormatter binaryFormatter = new BinaryFormatter();

 37                 binaryFormatter.Serialize(ms, msg);

 38                 #endregion

 39 

 40                 #region 再将内存流转化为byte[]

 41                 byte[] arrMsg = ms.ToArray();

 42                 ms.Close();

 43                 #endregion

 44 

 45                 MessageBox.Show("序列化成功!");

 46 

 47                 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

 48 

 49                 for (int i = 0; i < arrMsg.Length; i++)

 50                 {

 51                     sb.Append(arrMsg[i].ToString() + ",");

 52                 }

 53 

 54                 textBox1.Text = sb.ToString().Trim(',');

 55             }

 56         }

 57 

 58         private void btnDeSerialize_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

 59         {

 60             if (textBox1.Text.Trim().Length == 0) { return; }

 61 

 62             #region 先将textbox1中的内容变成byte[]

 63             string[] arrMsg = textBox1.Text.Trim().Split(',');

 64             byte[] arrBin = new byte[arrMsg.Length];

 65 

 66             for (int i = 0; i < arrMsg.Length; i++)

 67             {

 68                 arrBin[i] = byte.Parse(arrMsg[i]);

 69             }

 70             #endregion

 71 

 72             try

 73             {

 74                 IFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();

 75                 MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(arrBin);

 76                 Msg msg = formatter.Deserialize(ms) as Msg;

 77 

 78                 if (msg != null)

 79                 {

 80                     MessageBox.Show("反序列化成功!" + msg.ReceiverName + "," + msg.SenderName + "," + msg.Type);

 81                 }

 82 

 83             }

 84             catch (Exception ex)

 85             {

 86                 MessageBox.Show(ex.Message.ToString());

 87             }

 88         }

 89     }

 90 

 91 

 92 

 93     /// <summary>

 94     /// 消息格式

 95     /// </summary>

 96     [Serializable]

 97     public enum MessageType

 98     {

 99         txt,

         img,

         file,

         unknown

     }

 

     /// <summary>

     /// 消息对象

     /// </summary>

     [Serializable]

     public class Msg

     {

         private MessageType _type = MessageType.unknown;

         public MessageType Type

         {

             set { _type = value; }

             get { return _type; }

         }

 

         public string SenderName { set; get; }

         public string ReceiverName { set; get; }

         public byte[] Body { set; get; }

 

     }

 }

 

不过在Silverlight中，传统的序列化方式有很多被精减掉了（比如BinaryFormatter之类），唯一得以保存的只剩下System.Xml.Serialization，所以SL中只能通过xml来序列化对象(虽然xml序列化后的字节数相对Binary有点大，不过我们也别无选择)，另外有一点很让人不习惯的是，需要序列化的自定义类中，居然不需要加[Serializable],[DataMember]这类标记！（这一点让我郁闷了好久，还为此在网上疯狂的百度，google为啥sl中不识别Serializable）

1.先定义一个需要序列化的类

namespace SerializeDemo

{

    /// <summary>

    /// 聊天室消息对象

    /// </summary>        

    public class ChatMessage

    {

        public string SenderName { set; get; }



        public string ReceiverName { set; get; }



        public MessageType Type { set; get; }



        public byte[] Body { set; get; }



        public enum MessageType { 

            txt,img,file,unknown

        }

       

    }

}

 

2.序列化/反序列化代码示例:

Xaml部分：

<UserControl x:Class="SerializeDemo.MainPage"

    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" 

    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"

    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" 

    mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignWidth="640" d:DesignHeight="480">

  <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot">

      <Grid.RowDefinitions>

          <RowDefinition Height="30"/>

          <RowDefinition Height="*"/>

      </Grid.RowDefinitions>

      <StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Center" Orientation="Horizontal">

          <Button x:Name="btnSerialize" Content="序列化" Width="80" Height="24" Click="btnSerialize_Click"/>

          <Button x:Name="btnDeSerialize" Content="反序列化" Width="80" Margin="10,0,0,0" Height="24" Click="btnDeSerialize_Click"/>

      </StackPanel>

      <TextBox Grid.Row="1" Text="TextBox" TextWrapping="Wrap"  d:LayoutOverrides="Height" x:Name="txtResult"/>        

  </Grid>

</UserControl>

Xaml.cs部分:

using System;

using System.IO;

using System.Text;

using System.Windows;

using System.Windows.Controls;

using System.Xml.Serialization;



namespace SerializeDemo

{

    public partial class MainPage : UserControl

    {

        public MainPage()

        {

            InitializeComponent();

        }



        private void btnSerialize_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

        {

            #region 得到一个复杂对象

            ChatMessage msg = new ChatMessage();

            msg.ReceiverName = "jimmy";

            msg.SenderName = "yjmyzy";

            msg.Type = ChatMessage.MessageType.file;

            msg.Body = new byte[] { 0, 1, 0, 1 };

            #endregion



            MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();

            XmlSerializer xml = new XmlSerializer(typeof(ChatMessage));

            try

            {

                xml.Serialize(ms, msg);//将对象序列化为流

                byte[] arr = ms.ToArray();

                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

                for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++)

                {

                    sb.Append(arr[i].ToString() + ",");    

                }

                txtResult.Text = sb.ToString().Trim(',');

            }

            catch (Exception ex) 

            {

                txtResult.Text = ex.Message.ToString();

            }

        }



        private void btnDeSerialize_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

        {

            if (txtResult.Text.Trim().Length == 0) { return; }

            #region 先将txtResult中的内容变成byte[]

            string[] arrMsg = txtResult.Text.Trim().Split(',');

            byte[] arrBin = new byte[arrMsg.Length];



            for (int i = 0; i < arrMsg.Length; i++)

            {

                arrBin[i] = byte.Parse(arrMsg[i]);

            }

            #endregion

            MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(arrBin);

            XmlSerializer xml = new XmlSerializer(typeof(ChatMessage));

            try

            {

                ChatMessage msg = xml.Deserialize(ms) as ChatMessage;//反序列化为ChatMessage对象

                if (msg != null)

                {

                    txtResult.Text = "反序列化成功！" + msg.ReceiverName + "," + msg.SenderName + "," + msg.Type.ToString();

                }

            }

            catch (Exception ex) 

            {

                txtResult.Text = ex.Message.ToString();

            }            

        }

    }

}