SpringCloud入门

SpringCloud入门

为什么Boot版本不是最新？

只用Boot，直接选择最新的；

同时使用Boot和Cloud，要考虑到 Cloud的版本，由Cloud决定Boot的版本；

SpringBoot和SpringCloud版本对应关系

新建Project工作空间（新建父工程）

1、新建空Maven项目，然后删掉src文件

2、pom文件

父工程创建完成以后执行mvn:install将项目发布到仓库，方便子项目继承。

需修改<packaging>pom</packaging>，然后引入依赖相关

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>cn.yizhouiqpl</groupId>
    <artifactId>SpringCloudDemo1</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <!-- 统一管理jar包版本 -->
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
        <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.38</mysql.version>
        <druid.version>1.1.16</druid.version>
        <mybatis.spring.boot.version>1.3.0</mybatis.spring.boot.version>
    </properties>

    <!-- 子模块继承之后，提供作用：锁定版本+子modlue不用写groupId和version  -->
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!--spring boot 2.2.2-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--spring cloud Hoxton.SR1-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Hoxton.SR1</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--spring cloud alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>${mysql.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
                <version>${druid.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>${mybatis.spring.boot.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>${junit.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                <version>${log4j.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <version>${lombok.version}</version>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <fork>true</fork>
                    <addResources>true</addResources>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

dependencyManagement

Maven项目提供了使用dependencyManagement的元素来管理依赖版本号的方式，通常会在一个组织或者项目的最顶层父pom中见到。

当父项目中使用了dependencyManagement元素，在子项目中引用一个父项目中有的依赖时不需要显式的列出版本号。Maven会沿着父子层次向上走，直到找到一个拥有denpendencyManagement元素的项目，然后它就会使用这个denpendencyManagement元素中指定的版本号。

这样做的好处：如果有多个子项目都引用同一个依赖，则可以避免在每个使用的子项目里都声明一个版本号，这样当想升级或者切换到另一个版本时，只需要在顶层父容器里更新，而不需要一个一个子项目的修改；另外如果某个子项目需要另外 一个版本，只需要声明<version>即可。

dependencyManagement里只是声明依赖，并不实现引入，因此子项目需要显示的声明需要用的依赖。

如果还在子项目中声明依赖，是不会从父项目中继承下来的；只有在子项目中写了该依赖项，并且没有指定具体版本，都会从父项目中继承该项，并且version和scope都读取自父pom；

如果子项目中指定了版本号，那么会使用子项目中指定的jar。

Maven中跳过单元测试的方法？

1、pom文件

<build><!-- maven中跳过单元测试 -->
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <skip>true</skip>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

2、IDEA工具支持（推荐）

MySQL 驱动说明

com.mysql.jdbc.Driver和mysql-connector-java 5一起用。
com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver和mysql-connector-java 6 一起用。

com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver是mysql-connector-java 6 中的特性，相比mysql-connector-java 5 多了一个时区：serverTimezone，把数据源配置的驱动改一下就好了

org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver是当时最好的MySQL JDBC，但不是MySQL公司的，然后MySQL将MM的JDBC驱动 收为官方的JDBC驱动，所以将驱动的package也改了，但还保留了org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver这个路径的引用，也就是你使用新版的JDBC驱动时还可以通过这个来引用，打开下载的新版JDBC驱动的jar文件可以看到，只有一个文件的目录是org.gjt.mm.mysql，就是为了兼容而设计的。

Rest微服务工程构建

新建cloud-provider-payment8001微服务提供者支付Module

创建完成以后去父工程的pom文件查看变化；

1、pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>SpringCloudDemo1</artifactId>
        <groupId>cn.yizhouiqpl</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-provider-payment8001</artifactId>
    
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mysql-connector-java-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--jdbc-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

2、yml文件

server:
  port: 8001

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-payment-service
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource  # 当前数据源操作类型
    driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver  # mysql驱动包 com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test-springcloud-payment-1?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: 123456

mybatis:
  mapperLocations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
  type-aliases-package: cn.yizhouiqpl.entities  # 所有Entity别名类所在包

3、主启动类

package cn.yizhouiqpl;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Payment8001 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Payment8001.class, args);
    }
}

4、创建表

CREATE TABLE `payment` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'ID',
  `serial` varchar(200) DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

5、entities

Payment

package cn.yizhouiqpl.entities;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

import java.io.Serializable;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Payment implements Serializable {
    private Long id;
    private String serial;
}

CommonResult

package cn.yizhouiqpl.entities;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class CommonResult<T> {
    private Integer code;
    private String  message;
    private T data;

    public CommonResult(Integer code, String message) {
        this(code,message,null);
    }
}

6、dao层

PaymentDao

package cn.yizhouiqpl.dao;

import cn.yizhouiqpl.entities.Payment;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

@Mapper  //import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
public interface PaymentDao {
    public int create(Payment payment);

    public Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id);
}

PaymentMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >

<mapper namespace="cn.yizhouiqpl.dao.PaymentDao">

    <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="cn.yizhouiqpl.entities.Payment">
        <id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="BIGINT"/>
        <result column="serial" property="serial" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
    </resultMap>

    <insert id="create" parameterType="Payment" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id">
        INSERT INTO payment(SERIAL) VALUES(#{serial});
    </insert>

    <select id="getPaymentById" parameterType="Long" resultMap="BaseResultMap" >
        SELECT * FROM payment WHERE id = #{id};
    </select>

</mapper>

7、service层

PaymentService

package cn.yizhouiqpl.service;

import cn.yizhouiqpl.entities.Payment;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

public interface PaymentService {
    public int create(Payment payment);

    public Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id);
}

PaymentServiceImpl

package cn.yizhouiqpl.service.impl;

import cn.yizhouiqpl.dao.PaymentDao;
import cn.yizhouiqpl.entities.Payment;
import cn.yizhouiqpl.service.PaymentService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@Service
public class PaymentServiceImpl implements PaymentService {
    @Resource
    private PaymentDao paymentDao;


    @Override
    public int create(Payment payment) {
        return paymentDao.create(payment);
    }

    @Override
    public Payment getPaymentById(Long id) {
        return paymentDao.getPaymentById(id);
    }
}

8、Controller层

package cn.yizhouiqpl.controller;

import cn.yizhouiqpl.entities.CommonResult;
import cn.yizhouiqpl.entities.Payment;
import cn.yizhouiqpl.service.PaymentService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.Objects;

@RestController
@Slf4j
@RequestMapping("payment")
public class PaymentController {
    @Resource
    private PaymentService paymentService;

    @PostMapping("create")
    public CommonResult<Object> create(@RequestBody Payment payment) {
        int i = paymentService.create(payment);
        log.info("插入操作返回的结果：{}", i);
        if (i > 0) {
            return new CommonResult<>(200, "插入数据库成功", i);
        } else {
            return new CommonResult<>(444, "插入数据库失败", null);
        }
    }

    @GetMapping("get/{id}")
    public CommonResult<Object> getPaymentById(@PathVariable Long id) {
        Payment payment = paymentService.getPaymentById(id);
        log.info("查询结果：{}", payment);
        if (Objects.isNull(payment))
            return new CommonResult<>(444, "没有对应记录，查询ID：" + id, null);
        return new CommonResult<>(200, "查询成功", payment);
    }

}

新建cloud-consumer-order80微服务消费者订单Module

1、pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>SpringCloudDemo1</artifactId>
        <groupId>cn.yizhouiqpl</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-consumer-order80</artifactId>
    
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

2、yml文件

server:
  port: 80

3、主启动类

package cn.yizhouiqpl;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Order80 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Order80.class, args);
    }
}

4、业务类

entities

直接从cloud-provider-payment8001复制即可

什么是RestTemplate？

RestTemplate提供了多种便捷访问远程Http服务的方法，是一种简单便捷的访问restful服务模板类，是Spring提供的用于访问Rest服务的客户端模板工具集。

官网地址

https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/5.2.2.RELEASE/javadoc-api/org/springframework/web/client/RestTemplate.html

使用
使用restTemplate访问restful接口非常的简单粗暴无脑。

(url, requestMap, ResponseBean.class)这三个参数分别代表 REST请求地址、请求参数、HTTP响应转换被转换成的对象类型。

ApplicationContextConfig类

package cn.yizhouiqpl.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {
    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

Controller层

package cn.yizhouiqpl.cotroller;

import cn.yizhouiqpl.entities.CommonResult;
import cn.yizhouiqpl.entities.Payment;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("consumer/payment")
public class OrderController {

    public static final String PaymentSrv_URL = "http://localhost:8001";

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping("create") // 客户端用浏览器是get请求，但是底层实质发送post调用服务端8001
    public CommonResult create(Payment payment) {
        return restTemplate.postForObject(PaymentSrv_URL + "/payment/create", payment, CommonResult.class);
    }


    @GetMapping("get/{id}")
    public CommonResult getPayment(@PathVariable Long id) {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(PaymentSrv_URL + "/payment/get/"+id, CommonResult.class, id);
    }
}

工程重构（新建cloud-api-commons）

系统有重复的部分需要重构。

1、pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>SpringCloudDemo1</artifactId>
        <groupId>cn.yizhouiqpl</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

2、entities

直接从80或8001模块复制。

3、修改80、8001

分别将80、8001模块的entities删除；

然后在pom文件中添加

<dependency>
    <groupId>cn.yizhouiqpl</groupId><!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包，可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
    <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>

若依旧报错，则可以执行Maven命令mvn clean/install。

Eureka...

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